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8/9/2019 Needle Stick and Sharp Injury
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Needle stick and sharp injuryNeedle stick and sharp injury
By.Yaninee Anusitvivat 5010310039
Panut nisityotakul 5010310089
Lalita Sae-lin 5010310125
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Incidence of Needle stick andIncidence of Needle stick and
sharp injurysharp injuryIncidence of needle stick and sharp injury
=
2550- 2551
= 125
4,052
= 0.038
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Incidence of Needle stick andIncidence of Needle stick and
sharp injurysharp injuryIncidence of needle stick and sharp injury
=
2551- 2552
= 199
4,106
= 0.048
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2251
18%
46%
2%
7%
.10%
6%
11%
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2252
5
35
8%
11%
.12%
6%
13%
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3
32%
5%
13%
.
11%
7%
15%
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Factor related to injuryFactor related to injury
Equipment design
Critical situations during clinicalprocedures
Condition during the procedure
Staff experience
Recapping Disposal
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F
actor related to injuryF
actor related to injury
,,,DTX,medicut,heparin lock
/
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Factor related to injuryFactor related to injury
/
/
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2551
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
/
/
/
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
*
/
/
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2553
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
/
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R
isk of infectionR
isk of infection HIV:
0.3%
HBV: If healthcare worker susceptible(i.e. non-immune)
1% - 6% if the source is HBsAg-positive
22% - 31% if the source is HBsAg- and
HBeAg-positive HCV:
1.8% (range: 0% - 7%)
http://www.cdc.gov
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R
isk for HIV
AloneR
isk for HIV
Alone Percutaneous 0.3%
Needle stick injury
Mucous membrane 0.1%
blood splashed in the eye
Non-intact skin
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Risk of infectionRisk of infection
Low Risk
mucusmembrane
mucusmembrane
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Risk of infectionRisk of infection
High risk
mucus membrane
,
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Interventions to reduce injuryInterventions to reduce injury
Hierarchy of Controls:
Most effective
Elimination of hazards
Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls
Work Practice Controls
Personal Protective Equipment
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Elimination of HazardElimination of Hazard
Use of needle-less IV systems
Removal of sharps and needles
Elimination of unnecessaryinjections
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Engineering ControlsEngineering Controls
means controls that isolate or remove thebloodborne pathogens hazard from theworkplace.
Needles that retract, sheathe, or bluntimmediately after use
Sharps container styles
Safer medical devices, such as sharps with
engineered sharps injury protections
Needleless systems
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Examples of Safer Needle DevicesExamples of Safer Needle Devices
Needleless Connector Systems:
Needleless connectors forIVdelivery systems
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Examples of Safer Needle DevicesExamples of Safer Needle Devices
Self-Sheathing Safety Feature:
Sliding needle shields attached todisposable syringes and vacuum
tube holders
Before use
After use
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Examples of Safer Needle DevicesExamples of Safer Needle Devices
Retractable Technology:
Needles or sharps that retract into asyringe, vacuum tube holder or
back into the device.
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Administrative ControlsAdministrative Controls
Policies limiting exposure to hazard
Needlestick prevention committee
Consistent training on use of safe devices
Policies implementing Universal(standard) Precautions
a set of effective practices designed toprotect HCW from infection from
bloodborne pathogens, applieduniversally when caring for patientsregardless of diagnosis.
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Work Practice ControlsWork Practice Controls
No re-capping
Placing sharps containers ateyelevel and at arms reach
Emptying sharps containers beforethey are full
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Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment
Barriers and filters between theworker and the hazard
Gloves
Gowns
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References
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/hospit
al/hazards/sharps/sharps.html#Needlest
ickInjuries
http://www.cdc.gov/sharpssafety/pdf/sharpsworkbook_2008.pdf
http://www.who.int/occupational_health/
activities/2efficacy.pdf
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