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Nepalese Power System
and
Nepal Electricity Authority
Lila Nath Bhattarai
Deputy Managing Director
Engineering Services Directorate
NEA
NEPALESE POWER SYSTEM
Early start but very slow pace of development
Hydro based (mostly R-o-R)
Installed capacity : 812 MW
Hydro : 769 & Thermal : 53 MW
Seasonal Storage Plant : 92MW
PROR : 305 MW
ROR : 372MW
Import from India : About 323 Mw
Distinct seasonal variation in generation
Demand supply mismatch
Access to Electricity: About 60% of the population
Transmission lines bottleneck
Long and poorly designed distribution line:
Poor System Performance : Low LF and high Losses
Modalities of Hydropower Development
NEA/GoN own Funding
GoN/NEA (Multilateral and Bilateral
Funding)
Public Private Partnershi
Foreign Direct Investment
National Private Funding
Kataiya - 125
MW
Bisanpur
(8MW) &
Rajbiraj
5 MW
Jaleswor
12 MW
Raxaul
12 MW
Ramnagar
28 MW
Nepalgunj
8 MW
Tanakpur
35 MW
Muzaffarpur
90 MW (
Total Import Capacity
(Present ) = 323 MW
HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT IN NEPAL
644
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
196
5
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8
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9
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8
20
01
20
04
20
07
20
10
Year
Yea
rly
Prod
uction
(M
W)
0
250
500
750
1000
Cum
ulat
ive
Prod
uction
and
For
ecas
t
(MW
)
Yearly Prod. (MW) Cumulative Prod. (MW) Forecast (MW)
211.88
70.00
141.88
0
50
100
150
200
250
200
5
200
6
200
7
200
8
20
09
201
0
201
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201
5
Insta
lled C
apacity (
MW
) YEARLY HYDROPOWER GENERATION (MW)
(During Last 10 years)
Total MW Public Sector Private Sector
Hydro Projects Under Construction (NEA)
Project Capaci
ty
(MW)
Completion Financing
Chameliya 30 2014/15 GON, NEA &
S/Korea
KL III 14 2014/15 GON, NEA
U. Trishuli 3A 60 2016/17 GON, NEA & China
Rahughat 32 2017/18 GON, NEA & India
Upper Sheti 136
Hydro Projects Under Construction (NEA Subsidiary
and Associated Companies)
Project Capacity
(MW)
Completion Financing
Upper Tamakoshi 456 2016/17 UTHPCL- Local Fin.
Tanahu Hydro 140 2019/20 THPCL- ADB, Japan,
NG
Rasuwagadhi 111 2018/19 RGHPCL- Local Fin.
M. Bhotekoshi 102 2018/19 BKHCL-Local Fin.
Upper Sanjen 14.8 2015/16 SHPCL-Local Fin.
Sanjen 42.5 2016/17 SHPCL-Local Fin
Trishuli 3B 42 2019/20 THPCL-Local Fin.
Total =908.3 MW,
Major Hydro Projects Under Construction (IPPs)
Project Capacity (MW)
Completio
n
Financing
Upper
Marsyangdi A
50 2016/17 FDI
Mistri Khola 42 2017/18 Local Financng
Other IPP
Prjects
194 2013/14 to
2015/16
Local financing
Total =286 MW,
Projects under construction
Upper Tamakoshi (456 MW)
Trishuli 3A (60 MW)
Trishuli 3B (37 MW)
Upper Seti Storage (140MW)
Kulekhani III (14 MW)
Rahughat (32 MW)
Chameliya (30 MW)
Middle Bhotekoshi (102 MW)
Rasguwagadi (111MW)
Upper Sanjen (14.8 MW)
Sanjen (42.5MW)
Location of Study Projects
Tamakoshi V HEP
Upper Arun
Upper Modi A/Upper Modi
Andhi hola
Tamor
Uttar Ganga
11
Chainpur-Seti Upper Bheri
Dudhkoshi Storage HEP
Projects Studied by NEA and Transferred to to other
Agencies / Companies
Name of Projects MW Owner Remarks
1 Khimti Khola HEP 60 Himal Power Company Generating
2 Bhote Koshi HEP 36/45 Botekoshi Power Company Generating
3 Upper Karnali HEP 300 GMR PDA Concluded
4 Arun III HEP 402 Satlaj PDA Concluded
5 Kabeli HEP 32 Butwal Power Company Processing
6 Likhu HEP 51 Green Energy Processing
7 Tila Khola HEP 250 IPP Processing
8 Tamor Mewa HEP 101 Spark Hydro
9 Upper Raughat 40 IPP FS Study
10 Budigandaki Storage 1200 Budigandaki Development Board DD
11 Nalsaugad Storage 400 Nalsaugad Development Board DD
12
STUDY LEVEL
Detailed Engineering Design
Tamakoshi V HEP : 87 MW/419.30GWh
Upper Arun HEP : 335 MW/2050GWh
Dudhkoshi Storage HEP : 300 MW/1806 GWh
Upper Modi “A” HEP : 42 MW/214.87GWh
Upper Modi HEP : 18 MW/95.68GWh
13
STUDY LEVEL
Feasibility Study
Andhikhola Storage HEP : 180 MW/693GWh
Tamor Storage HEP : 762 MW/3151.5 GWh
Uttar Ganga Storage HEP : 300 MW/1297 GWh
Upper Bheri HEP : 85 MW/452 GWh
Chainpur Seti HEP : 140 MW/711 GWh
14
Projects transferred to other Agencies and Private
Sectors
Budigandaki Storage HEP (1200 MW)
Nalsyau gad Storage HEP (400 MW)
Arun III HEP (900 MW)
Khimti HEP (60 MW)
Upper Karnali HEP (900 Mw)
Bhotekoshi HEP (45 MW)
Dudhkoshi Storage Hydroelectric Project
Historical Background • Project Identification : Identified in JICA Koshi Basin Master
Plan Study (1995) as PROR project.
• Feasibility study (1998): Identified it as a Fast Track Storage Project in the Range of 300 MW.
• Reactivated by NEA in 2010 and carried out Review Study of the project
• It is one of the Prioritized Project (P1) of Nepal Government.
• Preparation of the project for implementation including Detailed Engineering Design and preparation of bidding document is in progress.
• ADB Grant for the ongoing study
. 17
Particulars Details
Catchment Area 4100 km2
Total Sorage
Volume
687.7 Mm3
Full Supply Level 580 masl
Rated Net Head 249 m
Installed
Capacity
300 MW
Total Annual
Energy
1806 GWh
Project Cost 690 Million USD
B/C Ratio 1.61
Relocation of
Houses
75 HH
18
Time Bound Action Plan Particulars Remarks
Award of Contract 30 May, 2016
Commencement of services July 1, 2016
Project Preparation for Implementation
Upgraded Feasibility Study
Detailed Engineering Study
EIA and SIA Study
Bidding Document Preparation
: Oct, 2017
: Oct, 2018
: Aug, 2018
: Dec, 2018
Decision on Implementation
Modality
Financial Closure
Generation License
Tendering and Contracting
Construction and Completion
: Mid of 2019
End of 2019
: Mid of 2019
: Mid of 2020
: Mid of 2020 to Mid of 2026
Upper Arun
Background of the Project Particulars Details Remarks
Project
Identification
Koshi Basin Master Plan 1985 As PROR Project
Feasibility Study In 1991 by JV of MKC,
Lahmeyer, TEPCO and
NEPECON
Grant Assistance from UNDP
Financial
Arrangement
World Bank has provided Aid
under PSRSHDP (Power Sector
Reform and Sustainable
Hydropower Development
Project) Credit No.5728-HP
Development Model
Cabinet Decision : NEA to
Construct the project under
the Ownership of the
Government
Modality: NEA/GoN
Ikhuwa Khola (30MW) to be
developed as subsidiary to
address social & public
ambitions
Modality :PPP
20
Upper Arun
Upper Arun Hydroelectric ProjectU
Particulars Details
Catchment Area 25,700 sq.km.
Firm Discharge 58.7 cumecs (Q95)
Design Discharge 78.80 cumecs ( Q70)
Gross Head 492 m
Installed Capacity 335 MW
Total Annual Energy 2050 GWh
Project Cost 500.79 Milion USD ( year 2015)
B/C Ratio 1.69
UAHEP
• In order to share benefits of
UAHEP with the local
communities, Ikhuwa Khola
is proposed to be developed
through PPP mode
• Conceptualized to develop as
an integrated part of UAHEP
21
Ikhuwa Khola Hydroelectric Project- Features
• Location: 8 km D/s of Upper Arun P/H Site and 5 km U/s of Arun-3 Headworks
• Power and Energy
• Net head = 601 m
• Discharge Q40 = 6.02 m3/s
• Installed Capacity = 30 MW
• Average Annual Energy of = 181.74 GWh
• Estimated Cost (Excluding Taxes an Duties): NRs. 5.02 Billion
• B/C : 1.22 (Financial), 1.96 (Economic)
• Internal rate of Return : 13.62 (Fianncial), 20.46 (Economic)
Based on Draft Feasibility Study Report of DoED
22
Access Road to Powerhouse Site and Dam Site
Total Length - 23.4 km
Road - 21.6 km
Road Tunnel - 1.8 km
One Bridge over Arun
River
Access road originates from
the highway leading to
Kimathanka
UNDER CONSTRUCTED ROAD
FROM NUM TO KIMATHANKA
23
• Cascade Project of Upper Tamakoshi HEP.
• Tailrace of Upper Tamakoshi feeds water to the
headrace tunnel of Tamakoshi V
• Powerhouse and the cascade inter connection lie by
the side of the access Road to Upper Tamakoshi.
• Short Transmission line of about 4 km length.
• Gross Head 160.93 m
• 8.20 Km long Headrace Tunnel
• Under ground Powerhouse
24
Installed Capacity -87 MW
Annual Energy - 460.5 GWh
Design Discharge – 66 m3/s
Without Rolwaling With Rolwaling
Gross Head 160.93 m 160.93 m
Net Head 149.61 m 149.61 m
Installed Capacity 87 MW 87 MW
Annual Energy 419.30 GWh 462.53 GWh
Dry Season Energy 54.67 GWh 65.79 GWh
Wet Season Energy 364.63 GWh 396.74 GWh
Project cost in US$ 131.99 million
Financial cost in NRs 13,660.3 million (with IDC)
Rate of Return 14.00%
B/C Ratio 1.17
Energy Cost Rs/ Kwh 3.19 / 3.81 (with / without Rolwaling)
Energy Generation And Fininancial Indicators
25
Tamor Storage Hydroelectric Project
Historical Background • Project Identification : Identified in JICA Koshi Basin Master
Plan Study (1995) as storage project.
• NEA carried out Preliminary study of the project by NEA in 2011.
• Survey Licensed issued to NEA on 2070/4/16 (2013/7/31for 200 MW
and for full supply level 450 masl without affecting upstream
projects ( Kabeli A and Hewa).
• NEA has carried out Alternative Study of Tamor Storage HEP
inorder to optimize the available resources. The study concluded
that optimized dam height at 208m is financially very attractive
Comparison of Alternatives
Description Alternative 1 Alternative 2
Installed Capacity (MW) 252 762
Full Supply Level (masl) 450 550
Dry Season Energy, November to April (GWh) 366 1075
Wet Season Energy, May to October (GWh) 743 2076.50
Average Annual Energy (GWh) 1109 3151.5
Base Cost (Million US$ - 2014 Price Level) 609.422 1217.31
Specific Energy Cost as of the Year 2013 (Rs. per
kWh) 6.99 5.03
Benefit Cost Ratio(LRMC) 1.14 1.61
6/5/2016 27
Result of the Studies
• Tamor is the high sediment laden river. In case of Alternative -1,
Rockfill Dam is not feasible. Concrete gravity with the provision of
flushing arrangement might be marginally feasible.
• Alternative-2 is considered with rockfill dam with reservoir life of
50 years, FSL at 550 masl. Installed capacity of 762 MW is found to
be optimum.
• Alternative -2 is technically feasible and economically viable. It is
quite attractive. Minimum disturbance in the natural settings. Only
about 250 households to be relocated.
• Capacity and annual energy would be increased to 762MW/3152
GWH from 252 MW/1109 GWH (Almost 3 times), however, cost
would increase from 609 to 1217 million US$. Development at 450m
FSL : Lost the opportunity to produce 510 MW of reliable power
and energy of 2042 GWhr at the cost of 607 million US$.
6/5/2016 28
Upper Modi “A” HEP: Upper Scheme of Modi Cascade
• Gross Head = 287.69 m
• Tunnel Length =5.9 km
• Surface Powerhouse
• Located in Kaski district
•Installed Capacity - 42 MW
•Average Energy output -214.87 GWh • Design Discharge - 17.60 m3/sec
•Cost : 8747 Million NRs
•Specific energy cost: 4.5Rs/kWh
•ROE: 14% at 70:30
29
• Approximately 10 km of access road need to be
constructed and some portion of the road need to
be upgraded
• Short Transmission line of about 11.5 km length.
UPPER MODI HEP Cascade Development of Upper Modi “A” HEP –
No Headworks
NEA obtained Survey License as agreed on Joint
Development Agreement (JDA) between NEA and K-
Water for the Cascade Development
Feasibility Study in 2014
Headwork is located at Sayauli Bazar and Powerhouse is
located near Birethanti Bazar
30
• Gross Head = 133 m
• Capacity =18 MW
• Energy : 95.7 GWh
Transmission line : 5 km
•Cost : 35.45 Mill US$
Andhikhola Storage Hydroelectric Project
Syangja District,
Western Development Region
Located : Syangja District , Western Development Region.
Based on feasibility study (1998 A.D)
Installed capacity 180 MW.
Dam height 157 m
Project cost : 374 million US$.
Unit cost per Kilowatt : 2077.78 US $.
Annual energy generation : 693 GWh.
Gross Head: 307 m gross head.
Tunnel Length:3395 m long
Nearby the urban centre, short access road and short transmission line
Obtained the license of the project on B.S 2071/06/02
31
Project Layout
Option 1-H1P1
Option 2-H1P2
Layout of the project 32
Powerhouse (option I)
Kaligandaki “A”
HEP Headworks
Kaligandaki “A” HEP
Powerhouse
Dam Axis of
Andhikhola
Storage HEP
Powerhouse (option II)
Andhikhola HEP
(9.1 MW)
Headworks
FINAL WORDS
Reservoir project to firm up power, make the excess energy
marketable and to absorb the consequences of climate change
Need to invest about 20 billion US$ in the next ten years for
generation projects only to meet the national objective of
generating 10,000 MW in the decade..
Different modalities of development of hydropower are required to
be encouraged.
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