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Nico van Driel
NIN symposium, 17 November 2006
Transponders en Alternatieven
NLR Testprojecten
2
Systems
•SSR transponder, Mode A/C
•SSR transponder, Mode S
•VHF Datalink Mode 2 (VDL-2)
•VHF Datalink Mode 4 (VDL-4)
3
ADS-B
AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE – BROADCAST
MODE-S: ADS-B OUT
VDL-4: ADS-B OUT/IN
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NLR VDL Projects
• Airborne Separation Assistance System (ASAS)
• Mediterranean Free Flight (MFF)
• TMA spacing
• Relative positioning
• Eurocontrol Link2000
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NLR Researchvliegtuigen
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MFF was a TEN-T European Project, co-funded by the European Commission
Partners in the MFF project:� ENAV (Italy, Coordinator), AENA (Spain), DNA (France), Eurocontrol, HCAA (Greece), MATS (Malta), NATS (United Kingdom), NLR (Netherlands) and SCAA-LFV (Sweden)
MFF was a pre-operational programme aimed at defining, testing and validating ASAS applications and procedures in selected Mediterranean scenarios.
Introduction
NLR
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Flight Trials – Inside the NLR aircraft
TMX RFMS+ASAS EFIS“Target”
ethernetRS232
ADS-B
“other traffic”
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ASAS consists of:� Automatic Dependent Surveillance -Broadcast (ADS-B) system (VDL-4 in MFF)
� Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI), on Navigation Display (ND)
� Conflict prevention or Predictive ASAS (PASAS)
� Conflict Detection and Resolution (CD&R) algorithms, symbologyand alerting logic
� Specific tools and functions
Airborne Separation Assistance System
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Flight Trials - Organisation
V
X Y
Z
W
Amsterdam (EHAM)
A
P
H
C
R
I
G
B
Q
D
S
N
F
M
( E )
Rome (LIRF)
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Flight Trials – Inside the NLR aircraft
Experimental display in front of standard instruments –PFD / ND layout
Experimental display in front of standard instruments –CDU / ND layout
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Flight Trials – ADS-B Performance
ADS-B coverage was good on all flights. Small gaps are due to antenna shielding in turns.
ADS-B update interval was once every 1.5 seconds, with 1 second standard deviation, when selected update interval was once per second.
Average ADS-B reception rate between 70 and 90% was adequate.
95th percentile for ADS-B update interval at 20 nm (3 seconds) shows compliance with the requirements from DO-242A (7 seconds).
ADS-B reception of PH-NLZ during turn of PH-LAB, on-board of PH-LAB, 23 June 2005
X
53.6
53.7
53.8
4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
Longitude (deg)
Latit
ude
(deg
)
Waypoints PH-NLZ
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Conclusions
VDL-4 ADS-B implementation in MFF meets the performance requirements for ADS-B.
MFF flight trials have shown that ASAS Spacing, ASAS Separation and ASAS Self-Separation applications can successfully be build upon ADS-B.
ASAS is taken from concept and simulation studies to flight trials and extensive safety analysis in MFF.
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EELDE Flight Test – TMA Spacing project
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Flight Trials Objectives
Flight Trials objectives:� Explore ASAS as enabler for time-based sequencing in the TMA during a Continuous Descent Approach.
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EELDE Flight Test Scenario
Scenario
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EELDE Flight Test Scenario
Route and profile for ASAS spacing flight test in the Eelde TMA.
Scenario
7.5
T/D
EHGG29000’210 kt
EHGG19000’210 kt
EHGG37200’210�180 kt
EHGG44700’180 kt
SO2900’180�160 kt
FAF2000’160 kt
OM1275’160�140 kt
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ATC Script
Procedures
Event Eelde ApproachController
AircrewCitation
(PH-LAB)
AircrewMetro
(PH-NLZ)
Take-off / Missed approach
Vector both aircraft to first leg.- 9000 ft, 210 KIAS- At point EHGG1� Inbound point EHGG2� Separation 7 miles
(+/- 0.5 mile)
During vectoring PAB, target PHNLZ
PAB, target correct
target PHNLZ, PAB
PAB, target PHNLZ, 11 o’clock, 9 miles, 1000 feet above
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ATC Script
Procedures
Event Eelde ApproachController
AircrewCitation
AircrewMetro
PH-NLZ at point EHGG1(Inbound point EHGG2)
PLZ, Cleared for EELDE ONE Approach Rwy 23 *
Cleared for EELDE ONE Approach Rwy 23, PLZ
PH-LAB at point EHGG1(Inbound point EHGG2)
PAB, Cleared for EELDE ONE Approach Rwy 23*
Cleared for EELDE ONE Approach Rwy 23, PAB
PH-LAB between EHGG1 and EHGG2
PAB, Behind target, remain 105 seconds behind
Behind target remain 105 seconds behind, PAB
PH-NLZ on Final PLZ, Contact Tower on 118.7 ** 118.7, PLZ
PH-LAB on final PAB, Contact Tower on 118.7 ** 118.7, PAB
PH-LAB at OM Cancel follow mode, and decel to 140 KT IAS
* The instruction implies clearance to fly the special route, vertical profile and ILS approach toRunway 23. A continuous descent will be flown so as to reach the FAF at 2000’.
** As required by Eelde Approach
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Symbology on ND
Flight Deck
Navigation Display:
� Target aircraft� Spacing indicator (+/- 5 sec)� ASAS mode annunciator
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Symbology on PFD
Flight Deck
Primary Flight Display:
� ASAS Follow speed (FLW)� Zero closure rate speed (---)
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Preliminary Results Results
TMA Spacing, Spacing Interval, Mean and Standard de viation
105.4 105.4
104.3
106.2
103.8
104.8
99
101
103
105
107
109
111
EHGG2 EHGG3 EHGG4 SO FAF23 OM23
Spa
cing
Inte
rval
, sec
onds
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Preliminary Conclusions
� Spacing performance is very accurate: within seconds
� Aircraft turn behaviour gives unwanted spacing
behaviour
– introduce ‘arc-to-point’ (RF) legs or fly-over waypoints, or
– only control to a desired spacing at Final Approach Fix or Outer
Marker
Conclusions
23
Imagine .........
�Accurate spacing performance during the
complete initial approach.....
�Standard deviation in the order of seconds....
�While performing a Continuous Descent
Approach (CDA).......
�What does this mean ?
Conclusions
�it means ASAS Spacing is a potential enabler for low noiseoperations in daytime.
24
Imagine .........
� It means ASAS Spacing is a potential
enabler for low noise operations in
daytime
�But when?
– Standards are currently being defined by
RTCA/EUROCAE
– UPS is performing its Louisville Technology
Demonstration: Continuous Descent Arrival &
ASAS Merging & Sequencing operations
Conclusions
25
Wake Vortex A-340
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Meetopstelling aan boord van de Metro
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LINK 2000+
• Flight trials for testing VDL Mode 2 infrastructure for EUROCONTROL Link 2000+
• VDL Mode 2 coverage
• Performance of handoffs between ground stations
• End-to-end testing
• Commercial avionics equipment
28
Link 2000+ avionics in Citation
29
Questions?
End
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