NOTE MATH FORM 3 - ALGEBRAIC

Preview:

Citation preview

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand a single pair of brackets

Example 1: Expand w (x + y)

w ( x + y )

= w x x + w x y

= wx + wy

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 2: Expand 3 (a - c)

3 ( a - c )

= 3 x a - 3 x c

= 3a - 3c

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 3: Expand 7g (m + 2n)

7g ( m + 2n )

= 7g x m + 7g x 2n

= 7gm + 14gn

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 4: Expand 4e ( r + 2s – 8t)

4e ( r + 2s - 8t )

= 4e x r + 4e x 2s

= 4er + 8es

- 4e x 8t

- 32et

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

EXPAND DOUBLE PAIRS OF BRACKETS

HJ. AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand double pairs of brackets

Example 1: Expand (w + v)(x + y)

( w + v ) ( x + y )

= w x x + w x y + v x x + v x y

= wx + wy + vx + vy

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand double pairs of brackets

Example 2: Expand (2e + f)(c + d)

( 2e + f ) ( c + d )

= 2e x c + 2e x d + f x c + f x d

= 2ce + 2de + cf + df

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand double pairs of brackets

Example 3: Expand (2m + n)(p - s)

( 2m + n ) ( p - s )

= 2m x p + 2m x (-s) + n x p + n x (-s)

= 2mp - 2ms + np - ns

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

EXPAND DOUBLE PAIRS OF BRACKETS

HJ. AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand double pairs of bracketsExample 1: Expand (r + 4)(r + 3)

( r + 4 ) ( r + 3 )

= r x r + r x 3 + 4 x r + 4 x 3

= r2 + 3r + 4r + 12

= r2 + 7r + 12

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand double pairs of bracketsExample 2: Expand (2e + f)(e + 2f)

( 2e + f ) ( e + 2f )

= 2e x e + 2e x 2f + f x e + f x 2f

= 2e2 + 4ef + ef + 2f2

= 2e2 + 5ef + 2f2

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

EXERCISE

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand double pairs of bracketsExample 3: Expand (w + 4)(w - 3)

( w + 4 ) ( w - 3 )

= w x w + w x (-3) + 4 x w + 4 x (-3)

= w2 - 3w + 4w - 12

= w2 + w - 12

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

EXPAND DOUBLE PAIRS OF BRACKETS

In general , (a+b)2= a2 + 2ab + b2 or (a-b)2= a2 - 2ab + b2

HJ. AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand same pairs of brackets

Example 1: Expand (r + 4)2

( r + 4 ) ( r + 4 )

= r x r + r x 4 + 4 x r + 4 x 4

= r2 + 4r + 4r + 16

= r2 + 8r + 16

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand same pairs of brackets

Example 2: Expand (2e + f)2

( 2e + f ) ( 2e + f )

= 2e x 2e + 2e x f + f x 2e + f x f

= 4e2 + 2ef + 2ef + f2

= 4e2 + 4ef + f2

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Expand same pairs of brackets

Example 3: Expand (w - 4)2

( w - 4 ) ( w - 4 )

= w x w + w x (-4) + (-4) x w + -(4) x (-4)

= w2 - 4w - 4w + 16

= w2 -8w + 16

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

State the factors of an algebraic term

Example 1: 2m

1,

Example 2: 4g

2, m, 2m

1, 2, g, 2g, 4g4,

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

State the factors of an algebraic term

Example 3: 12y

1,

Example 4: 15k

2, 6y, 12y

1, 3, 3k, 5k, 15k5,

3, 4y,4, 3y,12, y,6, 2y,

15, k,

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

Write all the factors of the following algebraic terms.

1. 5 j

2. 14 p

3. 5 n2

4. abc

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

CONCEPT OF FACTORISATION OF

ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Highest Common Factor (HCF)

Find the HCF of the following algebraic terms.

6h , 4gh 3h , 2gh

3 , 2g

HCF = 2 x h = 2h

Example 1 : 6h & 4gh

2pq , 4q pq , 2q

p , 2

HCF = 2 x q = 2q

Example 2 : 2pq & 4q

h 2 2

q

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Highest Common Factor (HCF)

Find the HCF of the following algebraic terms.

14v2 , 8v 7v2 , 4v

7v , 4

HCF = 2 x v = 2v

Example 3 : 14v2 & 8v

5cd2 , 10cd cd2 , 2cd

d , 2

HCF = 5 x cd = 5cd

Example 4 : 5cd2 & 10cd

2 v

5 cd

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

EXERCISE

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

FACTORISE ALGEBRAIC

EXPRESSIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Factorise the following algebraic term

Example 1: 2pq + 4qr

2pq + 4qr pq + 2qr p + 2r (p + 2r)

2q2q

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Factorise the following algebraic term

Example 2: mn – mn2

mn - mn2

n - n2

1 - n (1 - n)

mnmn

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Factorise the following algebraic term

Example 3: 3ab + 6bc - 9b2

3ab + 6bc - 9b2

ab + 2bc - 3b2 a + 2c - 3b( a + 2c - 3b)

3b3b

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

EXERCISE

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

FACTORISE ALGEBRAIC

EXPRESSIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

aa( ) ( )

Factorise ab + ac +bd + cd

Example 9: ag + 3a + 2g + 6

ag + 3a + 2g + 62+ 2(g + 3) (g + 3)

(g + 3) (g + 3)(a + 2 )

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

nn( ) ( )

Factorise ab + ac +bd + cd

Example 10: mn + 4n + 2m + 8

mn + 4n + 2m + 82+ 2(m + 4) (m + 4)

(m + 4) (m + 4)(n + 2 )

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

EXERCISE

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

Factorise the following algebraic expressions:

1. ac + ad + bc + bd2. ax + ay + bx + by3. gh + 2h + 3g + 64. a2 + ab + 2a + 2b5. de + d2 + ef + df

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

( a + b )(a

Factorise a2- b2

Example 11: a2 – b2

a2 – b2- b )

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

( m + n )(m

Factorise a2- b2

Example 12: m2 – n2

m2 – n2- n )

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

( 4m + 5n )(4m

Factorise a2- b2

Example 13: 16m2 – 25n2

16m2 – 25n2

- 5n ) 42m2 – 52n2

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

EXERCISE

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

FACTORISE ALGEBRAIC

EXPRESSIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

++4)(y

+

4

Factorise a2 + 2ab + b2

16 = 1 x 16

16 = 2 x 8

16 = 4 x 4

8 = 4 + 4

yy 41st Step:

2nd Step:

Example 1: y2 + 8y + 16

+4y

+4y+(y + 4)

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

+

++2)(y

+

2

14 = 1 x 14

14 = 2 x 7

9 = 2 + 7

yy 71st Step:

2nd Step:

Example 2: y2 + 9y + 14

+2y

+7y

(y + 7)

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise:• Page 135• Ex.6.2C• 1 - 8

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Factorise completely (Factorise a2 + 2ab + b2)

1. m2 + 12m + 36 2. a2 + 4a +4

3. j2 + 4j +3 4. k2 + 7k +12

5. b2 + 8b +15 6. f2 + 6f +8

7. g2 + 9g +14 8. s2 + 10s +16

9. h2 + 5h +6 10. r2 + 7r +10

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

- 2 )(y

- 2

8 = 1 x 8

8 = 2 x 4

-6 = -2 - 4

yy - 41st Step:

2nd Step:

Example 3: y2 - 6y + 8

-2y

-4y

(y - 4)

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

- 3 )(y

- 3

21 = 1 x 21

21 = 3 x 7

-10 = -3 - 7

yy - 71st Step:

2nd Step:

Example 4: y2 - 10y + 21

-3y

-7y

(y - 7)

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

Factorise the following algebraic expressions:

1. y2 – 3y + 2 6. y2 – 8y + 15

2. y2 – 5y + 6 7. y2 – 9y + 18

3. y2 – 7y + 12 8. y2 – 8y + 12

4. y2 – 7y + 10 9. y2 – 12y + 35

5. y2 – 9y + 14 10. y2 – 14y + 45

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise:• Page 134• Ex.6.2B• 1 - 15

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

FACTORISE ALGEBRAIC

EXPRESSIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

+9)(y

+9

Factorise a2 + 2ab - b2

36 = 1 x 3636 = 2 x 1836 = 3 x 1236 = 4 x 936 = 6 x 6

5 = 9 - 4

yy -41st Step:

2nd Step:

Example 5: y2 + 5y - 36

+9y

-4y

(y - 4)

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

+7)(y

+7

21 = 1 x 2121 = 3 x 7

4 = 7 - 3

yy -31st Step:

2nd Step:

Example 6: y2 + 4y - 21

+7y

-3y

(y - 3)

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

Factorise the following algebraic expressions:

1. y2 + y – 6 6. y2 + 4y – 12

2. y2 + 2y – 15 7. y2 + y – 42

3. y2 + 6y – 27 8. y2 + 4y – 21

4. y2 + 3y – 10 9. y2 + 7y – 30

5. y2 + 3y – 18 10. y2 + 10y – 24

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

-5)(y

-5

Factorise a2 + 2ab + b2

10 = 1 x 1010 = 2 x 5

-3 = - 5 + 2

yy +21st Step:

2nd Step:

Example 7: y2 - 3y - 10

-5y

+2y

(y +2)

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

-7)(y

-7

Factorise a2 + 2ab + b2

28 = 1 x 2828 = 2 x 1428 = 4 x 7

-3 = - 7 + 4

yy +41st Step:

2nd Step:

Example 8: y2 - 3y - 28

-7y

+4y

(y + 4)

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

Factorise the following algebraic expressions:

1. y2 – 2y – 8 6. y2 – 5y – 36

2. y2 – 3y – 18 7. y2 – y – 12

3. y2 – 5y – 14 8. y2 – 2y – 24

4. y2 – 7y – 30 9. y2 – 6y – 7

5. y2 – y – 20 10. y2 – y – 6

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

FACTORISE AND SIMPLIFY ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Simplify the following expressions:

Example 1:

x

xy

2

8

1

4

1

4y y4

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 2:

ab

ba

4

20 2

1

5

1

5a a5

a

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ExercisePage 138Ex. 6.2FNo. 1 abcd

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Simplify the following algebraic fractions to the lowest terms

Example 3:

6 4

4

g 6g + 42

3g + 2

2 ( 3g + 2 )

2(3 2)

4

g

3 2

2

g

Working Space

2

1

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 4:

c

ba

2

82 2a - 8b2

a - 4b

2 ( a – 4b )c

ba

2

)4(2

c

ba 4

Working Space

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ExercisePage 138Ex.6.2FNo. 2 only

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ADDITION OF ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Simplify the following:

Example 1:

7

2

7

3 xx

7

23 xx

7

5x

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 2:

3

42

3

3

gg

3

423

gg

3

73 g

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

SUBTRACTION OF ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Simplify the following:

Example 1:

10

2

10

9 pp

10

29 pp

10

7 p

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 2:

hk

f

hk

f 5289

hk

f

89

hk

f 37

2f - 5

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 3:

abc

k

abc

k

2

27

2

78

abc

k

2

78

abc

k

2

9

7k + 2

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ExercisePage 139Ex. 6.3ANo. 1,2,3,5,10,11,12,

13,14,15

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ADD OR SUBTRACT TWO ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS WITH

ONE DENOMINATOR AS A MULTIPLE OF THE OTHER

DENOMINATOR

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Simplify the following:

Example 1:

4

2

2

3 xx

4

2x

4

8x

4

x2

x2

x6

x2

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 2:

15

2

5

4 hh

15

212 hh

15

2h

15

x 3

x 3

h12

15

14h

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 3:

12

2

6

5 hh

12

210 hh

12

2h

12

x 2

x 2

h10

12

8h

3

2h

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ADD AND SUBTRACT ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS WITHOUT ANY COMMON

FACTORS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Simplify the following:

Example 1:

5

2

2

3 rp

10

415 rp

x 5 x 2x 5 x 2

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 2:n

f

m

58

n8

mn

mfmn 58

fm – 5m

x n x m

x n x m

mn

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 3:y

x

x

x 32

xy

xxyy 232

+ 3x2

x y x x

x y x x

xy

2y - xy

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ExercisePage 142&143ALLEx.6.3C

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

MULTIPLICATION ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Simplify the following:

Example 1:

7

2

5

3

75

23

35

6

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 2:

q

p

n

m

qn

pm

nq

mp

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 3:

pr5

2

2

5pr

2

5pr

1

5p

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 4:)(

4)(

fe

g

h

yx

)(

4)(

feh

gyx

)(

)(4

feh

yxg

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Exercise

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ExercisePage 85Ex.7No. 1 to 12

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

DIVISION OF TWO ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS

AIRIL AHMAD

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Simplify the following:

Example 1:

7

2

5

3

5

3

25

73

2

7

10

21

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 2:

pr5

2

1

5p

2

r

p5

1

p

r

52

1

p

r

10

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

Example 3:

ed

c

4

5

3

2

d

c

3

2

53

42

d

ec

5

4e

d

ce

15

8

AIRIL AHMAD

Wednesday, April 12, 2023

ExercisePage 85Ex.7No. 13 to 29

Recommended