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Nouns
What is a nounO A noun is the name of a person,
O place,
O animal
O or thing.
Nouns in German are special
O They are always written with a capital letter
O There are 3 groups of nouns, so each noun belongs to a group
Groups O Each group has its own word for ‘the’
O ‘der’O ‘die’O ‘das’
Question
O How do we know which group a noun belongs to?
Answer
O When you learn a new word, learn the word for ‘the’ that goes with it, then you will never go wrong
Der wordsO These words are in blueO all male people e.g. der VaterO All seasons e.g. der SommerO All the days e.g. der MontagO All the months e.g. der FebruarO Lots of other words e.g. der Kuli
Die wordsO These words are in redO All female people (except ‘the girl’)
e.g die MutterO Usually words ending in –e e.g. die
SchuleO Words ending in –in e.g. die LehrerinO Lots of other words e.g die Fahne
Das wordsO These words are written in greenO Words ending in –chen e.g. das
MädchenO Usually words from other languages
e.g. das HotelO Lots of other words e.g. das Kino
Kasus - Case
In German there are four cases:
ONominativOAkkusativODativ OGenitiv
KasusThe doer of the action is in the nominative
caseExample:
Ein iPod ist teuer – An iPod is expensiveThe iPod is doing the action
Therefore the iPod is the doer and is in the
nominative case
KasusThe receiver of the action (verb) is in theaccusative case
Example:
Ich kaufe einen iPod – I buy an iPodI am doing the verb – I is in the nominativeCaseThe iPod is receiving the action.
Therefore, aniPod is in the accusative case
Der bestimmte ArtikelO Is the word for “the”.O In German there are several words
for the word “the”
der, die, das, die
Der bestimmte ArtikelThe Maskulin
umFemininum
Neutrum
Plural
Nominativ der die das die
Akkusativ den die das die
As you can see “der” words are the only words that change in the accusative case
Regel - Akkusativ
Nominativ + sein
Akkusativ + other verbs(e.g. haben, suchen, fressen etc.)
Ein Beispiel
Das ist der Hund.
Ich kaufe Hundefutter für den Hund.
HausaufgabeO Übung 12 (page 95)Examples:1.Der Hund frisst gern Fleisch.2.Die Katze trinkt gern Milch.O Übung 13 (page 95)Examples:1.Der Hamster ist verloren!2.Ich suche den Hamster.
A / anO forO ‘der’ words use ‘ein’O ‘die’ words use ‘eine’O ‘das’ words use ‘ein’
myO ForO ‘der’ words use ‘mein’O ‘die’ words use ‘meine’O ‘das’ words use ‘mein’
yourO For O ‘der’ words use ‘dein’O ‘die’ words use ‘deine’O ‘das words use ‘dein’
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