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In Pursuit of CP Violation, and more. November 19, 2010, Seminar @ USTC. ⊳. Outline. I. Intro: Why are we here? II. The B Factories, the KM Nobel — and the Shortfall III. NTUHEP and its Exploits IV. A Prediction of sin 2 F B s a priori — from D A K p - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 1
November 19, 2010, Seminar @ USTC
In Pursuit of CP Violation, and more
⊳
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 2
I. Intro: Why are we here?
II. The B Factories, the KM Nobel — and the Shortfall
III. NTUHEP and its Exploits
IV. A Prediction of sinsin22BBss a priori — from AAKK
V. A Eureka Moment : Heavenly CPV !?
VI. In Pursuit of CP Violation, and more
Outline
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 3
I. Intro: Why are we here?
MatterMatter !!
Matter Matter (?)
Antimatter: 0%
CPV & BAU: The Sakharov View
Bang
Us
14Byr
• Baryon Number V iolation• CP Violation
• Deviation from Equilibrium
PairAnnihilation
( CMB ’s )
1010-9-9 MatterMatter leftleft !!
Equal Matter -Antimatter
(1967)
Why
are
we
here
?
ary
on
sym
met
ry
niv
erse
DiscoveryDiscovery of CP Violation Phys. Rev. Lett. 13, 138 (1964)
! Sakharov for .... Small Too :102 3
Sakharov Stimulated by ...
1980 Nobel
CP Asymmetry needs both CP Conserv/Violating Phase
Particle Anti
Particle
CP Violation Primer
QM
i
i
CPVCPV
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 8
Complex Dynamics: KM Sector of Complex Dynamics: KM Sector of SMSM
Unitary3x3 “Rotation”
0 ***tbtdcbcdubud VVVVVV
Need to be Nontrivial for CPVCPV
► ►
dj
ui
WW –Jgg VVijij
WW
Wolfenstein parametrization
3 Generations Needed
1973
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 9
II. The B Factories, the KM Nobel, and the Shortfall
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 10
The Two B Factories
Mt. Tsukuba
PEP-II
KEKB
BelleBaBar
Differ only in PIDDIRC vs Aerogel Cherenkov + ToF
Tag Flavor
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 11
Purpose of B Factory
Measure sin2 via TCPV in B → J/KS
How did this allcome about ?
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 12
CP conserv.
A: Decay Amplitude
M12 : Mixing Amplitude
A
M12 Ā
CPV in Mixing-Decay Interference
T-dep. CPV Primer
B0B0 B0 B0 Oscillations: ei m tM12
CPV in Mixing-Decay Interference
BB
BB
Interference of Two Types of Phases
CPV V*2
td
“Double Slit”
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 13
CP Asymmetry needs both CP Conserv/Violating Phase
Particle Process Anti Particle Process
CP Violation Primer
22 = = mm tt
22 = = argarg VVtdtd
TCPV:
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 14
A = C for BaBar: Mass Difference00 B-B
: CP Eigenvalue of final state f
: state at time t from at t = 0
:
1
CPV Phase in Mixing
Measure
Time-dependent CPV (TCPV) Asymmetry
DCPV
Carter-Sanda; Bigi-Sanda 1980-81
sin2
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 15
a big boost !
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 16
The Two B Factories
Mt. Tsukuba
PEP-II
KEKB
BelleBaBar
Differ only in PIDDIRC vs Aerogel Cherenkov + ToF
Tag Flavor
Asymmetric Energy !
P. Oddone, 1987P. Oddone, 1987
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 17
One B Decay Tag Flavor
Other B Decay CP Eigenstate
Measure Both Decay Vertex
J/KS, ’KSKS KS 2001 !
Belle
B decays in ~ picosecond
The $1B Question: Mixing-dep. CPV in B → J/KS
z t
B0 or B0
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 18
b d transitions consistent with SM
β
0 ***tbtdcbcdubud VVVVVV
KM Phase Confirmed by Experiment ~ 2001
Area ≠ 0
1964
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 19
"for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous brokensymmetry in subatomic physics"
"for the discoverdiscovery of the originorigin of the broken symmetry which predictpredicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature"
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008
Photo: Universtity of Chicago Photo: KEK Photo: Kyoto University
Yoichiro Nambu Makoto Kobayashi Toshihide Maskawa
1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize
USA Japan Japan
Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Japan
Kyoto Sangyo University; Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (YITP), Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
b. 1921(in Tokyo, Japan)
b. 1944 b. 1940
CP Violationin SM
7 October 2008
B Factories(BaBar & Belle)
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 20
CPVCPV so far only observed in KM ...
• Nontrivial CPV Phase
Nontrivial • All like-charge quark pairs nondegenerate,
Otherwise Back to 2-gen. and CPV vanish.
Jarlskog Invariant (1985) for CPVCPV
0 ***tbtdcbcdubud VVVVVV
CPViff
J ≠
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 21
2010 KM ~
B.A.U. from CPVCPV in KM in KM ? The Lore.
Normalize by T ~ 100 GeV
Masses too Small !
103.02.0 10)1.5(
n
nB
WMAP0
nnB
Jarlskog Invariant in SM3 (need 3 generation in KM)
103~ A is common (unique) area of trianglein SM
CPV Phase
Small, but not Too small
Too Small in SMToo Small in SM
EW Phase Transition TemperatureEW Phase Transition Temperature~ v.e.v.~ v.e.v.
Why Repeat ? “Flavor Problem”
v.e.v.v.e.v.
(u, d,) s, c, b quarks too light
the Shortfall : KM misses BAUBAU by at least ...
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 23
III. NTUHEP and its Exploits
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 24
The Two B Factories
Mt. Tsukuba
PEP-II
KEKB
Asymmetric Energy !
P. Oddone, 1987P. Oddone, 1987
Inadvertantly lead to my return to Taiwan in 1992
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 25
My CPV Internship
a few remarks ...
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 26
becoming semi-expert
Bander-Silverman-Soni phase/mech.1979
Invitation to Blois
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 27
PSI B Project died 2 weeks
after I arrived ...
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) MikeFest, Nov ’09 28
I Intro • Sprinkling of Flavor/CPV — “Heaven on Earth” 12
II Entrance: Hardware 6
III Science Output from Taiwan BelleTaiwan Belle
Rare Decays Direct CPV 4
TCPV 5
Offshoots /Discovery 6
Prowess 4
IV Hints for New PhysicsHints for New Physics: S,,
Dh / ppK
Sf / VV pol.
Objective
... a dramatic “Career Doubling”— founder/pusher of NTUHEP
Built EFC Participate SVD2 ~ 20% of all
Belle papers !
Observed !Observed !
A
TCPV
could not have planned th
is
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 29
Strategy: Rare Decays Direct CPV
Part of motivation for starting T-Belle is Density of B-phenomenologistsDensity of B-phenomenologists — Hai-Yang Cheng (AS) Xiao-Gang He (NTU) (recruited as part of build-up Chao-Qiang Geng (NTHU) Hsiang-nan Li (AS) (built-up in the process Kwei-Chou Yang (CYCU) (trained thru process Chuan-Hung Chen (NCKU) ( ” ” Chung-Kiang Chua (AS) ( ” ” and myself ...
Guess what, Our specialty ISIS — Rare Decays and Direct CP Violation
Have theorists, want experimentalists !
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) MikeFest, Nov ’09 30
I Intro • Sprinkling of Flavor/CPV — “Heaven on Earth” 12
II Entrance: Hardware 6
III Science Output from Taiwan BelleTaiwan Belle
Rare Decays Direct CPV 4
TCPV 5
Offshoots /Discovery 6
Prowess 4
IV Hints for New PhysicsHints for New Physics: S,,
Dh / ppK
Sf / VV pol.
Objective
... a dramatic “Career Doubling”— founder/pusher of NTUHEP
Built EFC Participate SVD2
~ 20% of allBelle papers !
Observed !Observed !
A
TCPV
could not have planned th
is
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 31
Crowning: Rare Decays Direct CPVhh modes became “ours” since 2003
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 32
Tree PenguinInterference
CPV Phase
N.B. Would need also CP Conserving Phase Difference
Kmodes: Main Mine for DCPV
Recall D ~ 30, so K, likely
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 33
Highlight of 2004
2005 Conf., “4.97”
Observation of Direct CPV in B
2005 Conf., “4.97”
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 34
K: 1964 1999
CP Violation History
Mixing(-dep.) Direct
B: 2001 2004
DCPVTCPV
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 35
IV. A Prediction of sinsin22BBss a priori — from AAKK
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 36
Belle 2008 ⟨Nature⟩: Simple Bean Count
AA = = AAKK AAKK == 0.1640.164 0.0370.037 4.4 4.4 0.07 0.03 vs 0.094 0.020
DifferenceIs
Large !
Exp. Established
Belle + BaBar (+ CDF)
b → s CPV
And Not
Predicted !
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 37
ObligéDispair
Unexpecte
d !
ICHEP 2004, Beijing
ACP(B K)ACP(B K)
ACP(K) = 0.04 0.05 0.02
275M BB New
K: 728 53
Large EW penguin (Z0) ?
New Physics ?
[also seen by BaBar]
_d
d
K
u u
B sb
Sakai
the Thread that Lead ...
hint that ACP(K) ACP(K) ? (2.4)
Planted by me, but
I myself was I myself was shockedshocked !!
Could it be Nondecoupling from tt’’ !?
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 39
My first B (and 4G :) paper
nondecoupling
2
Z
FF GG
dimensionsdimensions
WSH, Willey, Soni
<2m2tm
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 40
_d
d
K
u u
B sb
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05LO PQCD ⊕ 4th Gen.
AK 12% vs 15% (data)
AK = AK+ AK+~ 15% and sb P
EW
ion)(illustrat
GeV 030t'm
, t ’
demonstration
, t ’nondecoupling
Large splitting of DCPV possible w/ 4G
Corollary: Large TCPV in Bs !
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 41
• b → s Z-penguin: Nondecoupled t ’ w/
- PQCD at LO - PQCD at NLO WSH, Li, Mishima, Nagashima, PRL 2007
⇨ Can in principle generate Ak
Predict sinsin22BBs s toto
btst VV ''
_d
d
Ku u
B sb t ’
t
’
t
’
totoWSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD, 2007
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL 2005
≅ ≅ in SM/3Gin SM/3G
sinsin22BBdd ≡ ≡ sin2 ≡ ≡ sin2
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 42
arXiv:0712.2397 [hep.ex]arXiv:0802.2255 [hep.ex]
Further ICHEP’08 Updates (CDF/DØ/fitters): Strengthen !
sin2Bs ~ 0.5 - 0.7
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07
arXiv:0803.0659 [hep.ph]
UTUTfitfit
IncredibleIncredible !!! !!!sin2Bs 0.64
0.16 0.14
3.73.7 ~2.8
± ?
(already in 05)PRL’08PRL’08
PRL’08PRL’08
2.1
Summer ’09
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 43
sin2Bs ~ 0.5 - 0.7
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07 (already in 05)
sin2Bs ~ 0.33
WSH, Ma, arXiv:1004.2186 [hep-ph]
4th generation “prediction” still robust, but needs LHCb to verify !
Also, Soni et al., arXiv:1002.0595 [hep-ph] Buras et al. arXiv:1002.2126 [hep-ph] Lenz et al., arXiv:1005.3505 [hep-ph]
comment: probably hadronic enhanced probably hadronic enhanced ss
sin2Bs ≡ sins
≡ sin2s
s seems smaller
Summer ’10
4G Rehab.
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 44
spokesperson
Looks like > 3 within 2011,
if |sin2Bs| > 0.2 !!
3G3G
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 45
V. A Eureka Moment : Heavenly CPV !?
Mind broadened by writing 《 Nature 》
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 46
the 4G Leap
One day late summer 2009, it occurred to me …
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 47
103.02.0 10)1.5(
n
nB
WMAP
2010 KM ~
B.A.U. from CPV in KMCPV in KM ?
Why? Jarlskog Invariant in SM3 (need 3 generation in KM)
Normalize by T ~ 100 GeV
masses too small !
103~ A is common (unique) area of trianglein SM
CPV Phase
0n
nB
Too Small in SMToo Small in SM
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 48
Only fac. 30 in CPV per se
~~ 10 101515 Gain Gain
Gain mostly in Large Yukawa Couplings (Masses) !Gain mostly in Large Yukawa Couplings (Masses) ! Nature wouldNature wouldlikely use this !?likely use this !?
103.02.0 10)1.5(
n
nB
WMAP
2010 KM ~
B.A.U. from CPV in KMCPV in KM ?
0n
nB
If shift by One Generation in SM4 (need 3 generation in KM)
WSH, arXiv:0803.1234 [hep/ph]
Providence
Enough CPV?
Enough CPV?
Too Small in SMToo Small in SM
1,2,3
2,3,4
CJP’09
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 49
Soaring to the Starry Heavens
Enough CPVfor BAU ?
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 50
VI. In Pursuit of CP Violation, and more and more
CPV 4 the Universe 4−EWSB
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 51
The Pursuit of 4th generation, and its Dilemma
• t’/b’ Mass Bounds: Getting heavier
t’ → Wq Search
Alison Lister @ ICHEP2010Excess at high Mreco and HT
• Unitarity Bound: Partial Wave Unitarity breaks down starting 500-600 GeV !Chanowitz, Furman and Hinchliffe, 1979
~ Nam
bu • Could EWSB be due to b’ and t’ near/above unitarity bound ?
(?)! Yukawa by Large Condense can QQ
b’ → Wt Search
2.7/fb2.7/fb
Same SignDilepton
Comparable bound, clean
Need Study PlatformHiggs-Yuk. on LatticeHiggs-Yuk. on Lattice
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 52
b' Search b' Search
same sign dileptons
• Scale from 10 TeV using LOLO PYTHIA cross section for signal and bkgrnd
• Sensitivity will surpass (current) Tevatron bound w/ > 100-200 pb
• With 1 fb, start to challenge the unitarity bound.
Par
tial
Wav
e U
nit
arit
y B
ou
nd
Par
tial
Wav
e U
nit
arit
y B
ou
nd
b'b' ( (→→ W Wt)t) b'b'
_
[original 14 TeV done in 2008 by KF Jack Chen]
Target by end of 2011 comment
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 53
"for the discoverdiscovery of the mechanism of spontaneous brokenspontaneous brokensymmetrysymmetry in subatomic physics"
"for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature"
Thoughts on the other 1/2 Nobel Prize
Photo: Universtity of Chicago Photo: KEK Photo: Kyoto University
Yoichiro Nambu Makoto Kobayashi Toshihide Maskawa
1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize
USA Japan Japan
Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Japan
Kyoto Sangyo University; Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (YITP), Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
b. 1921(in Tokyo, Japan)
b. 1944 b. 1940
SSB ! Yukawa Largeby
Condensecan QQ
Could EWSB be due to b’ and t’ above unitarity bound ~ 500-600 GeV ?
Bob Holdom: N–J-L [Bardeen, Hill, Lindner
Gustavo Burdman: “Holographic” 4th gen.
59
Need Study PlatformHiggs-Yukawa on LatticeHiggs-Yukawa on Lattice
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 54
The “3 + I” Approach — A Research Agenda
1. Direct Search with CMS
2. LHC Phenomenology
3. Lattice Higgs-Yukawa
NTU-NCU Team
New “Theory Group” @ NTU
NTU-NCTU-DESY/Zeuthen
CERN/Taiwan Center for CMS Pixel Upgrade Phase II
3
ILonger Term Hardware ⇒⇒ assure physics program
5-yr Approval
+
w/ PSIPSI/ETHZ & DESY/Aachen/Karlsruhe
Needed by ~ 2013 to Probe & Understand
Beyond Unitarity BoundBeyond Unitarity Bound
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 55
Conclusion:
~~ 10 101515 Gain Gain
10101313GeV 300 tb m ,mGeV 600~ 10101515
Even if O (1)Enough
CPV-4-BAU
Maybe there is a 4th Generation !
Heaven Heaven onon EarthEarth ??
Tevatron stillto be watched
• sin2Bs “Confirmation” — Easy for LHCb
• b’, t’ Discovery — Straightforward/full terrain
LHC !
Know in 3-5(-7) Years
ATLAS/CMS
raison d'être for U
4-EWSB ?
raison d'être for LHC ?
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 56
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 57
mBd, tt op and Vtd
tt
tt op, a v.e.v. scale quark, “discovered” 20 years ago (ARGUS)
NondecouplingNondecoupling — — tt ~ 1 1
CPV Phasearg V td
“Higgs Affinity”
LoopsLoops mBd
Flavor/CP/T-Belle George W.S. Hou (NTU) OCPA5, 6/29/06 58
Offshoot Discovery I — D0h0
• Early 2001 - Rong-Shyang “tooling” w/ finding ... sees D - Japanese student and Paoti, indep’tly ... see D Convenors Act —
Reported Summer 2001 !Reported Summer 2001 !
Form “Battle Group” ‣ Jack D ‣ Hsuan-Cheng D ‣ Rong-Shyang D
SU(3) argument
Why the rush?— Much Enhanced!
100 %
Flavor/CP/T-Belle George W.S. Hou (NTU) OCPA5, 6/29/06 59
Belle 23M, PRL 88, 052002 (2002)CLEO 9.7M, PRL 88, 062001 (2002)
More modes, done in less time
BaBar 89M, PRD 69, 032004 (2004)
enhance Isospin Strong PhaseDifference D ~ 30
K,
D ~ ½ 1
Flavor/CP/T-Belle George W.S. Hou (NTU) OCPA5, 6/29/06 60
Prowess I: TCPV in Charmless B sqq
Jack
• Shih-Chieh finished M.S., after army, went for US (still finishing at FNAL)• I did not give instructions to move into Time-dep. CPV study ... [flagship TCPV, sin21 measurement via B J/K0, was completed 2001
we strategically stayed away so as not to get sidelined.• This was the first TCPV study outside of charmonia final states. — A remarkable test for method. BaBar followed only a year later.• NTU’s expertise in / payed off. Nobody was better suited.• Jack became a big expert on B sqq TCPV in Belle• Belle (Jack’s) result consistent with SM expectation, while BaBar’s is at some variance.
BelleBaBar
Flavor/CP/T-Belle George W.S. Hou (NTU) OCPA5, 6/29/06 61
SKS = sin 21
SM (KM) Prediction
Possible SUSYSUSYFCNC/CPV Loop
Can Break Equality
Real
Penguins (Vertex Loops)
Flavor/CP/T-Belle George W.S. Hou (NTU) OCPA5, 6/29/06 62
TCPV in Charmless B sqq Cont’d
BelleBaBar
2002 2003 2004
...
SVD2 (2003+) S = +0.78 0.45 A =+0.17 0.33
SVD1S = 0.68 0.46A = 0.02 0.28
4.5%
• 2003 result caused a sensation [I was shocked
• 2003-2004 data set opposite sign• BaBar consistent with SM Belle converging
But we firmly entered TCPV.Also mode (Chin-Chi Wang)
...
’K
SK
S .
..
Flavor/CP/T-Belle George W.S. Hou (NTU) OCPA5, 6/29/06 63
John
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 64
_d
d
Ku u
Bsb
Why AK+- AK+0 0 a Puzzle ?
Large C ?
Large EWPenguin ?
Suppress Tree CPV Phase
Need NP CPV Phase∵ T and PEW
≈ same strong phase
?
?Currently working w/ Hsiang-nan et al. on NLO-PQCD NP Z-penguin
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 65
N.B. QCDF did not predict AK;
SCET got wrong sign for Ak
but PQCD did predict (ca. 2001) sign and strength of AK;
PAMELA !
• PAMELA e+ could be due to (near by) Pulsars (so, Astrophysics); see e.g. Hooper, Blasi and Serpico, JCAP01(2009)025
BUT THAT DIDN’T STOP DM PARTICLE SPECULATOR/THEORISTS
• B → K DCPV Difference could be due to “Enhanced Color-suppressed Enhanced Color-suppressed CC”
AND THIS SEEMS TO STOP FURTHER THOUGHTS ACROSS ATLANTIC !?
What Theorists Should Do ! (like “Blind Analysis”)
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 66
a traditional show
stopper,
but
…
’s are massive !
⇨ ⇨ Another Scale.
Neutral Lepton N
hard to access in near future
CDF/ATLAS
(except Majorana)
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 67
Kribs et al.
Chanowitz;Erler and Langacker; …
Heavier Higgs !
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 68
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 69
Can determine full 4 4 by facing all flavor constraints
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’05
WSH, Ma, arXiv:1004.2186 [hep-ph]
⇨⇨ CKM4
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 70
Find bb’’, tt’’, or Rule Out @ LHC
44thth generation? — The jury is out …
In era of LHC, can Directly Search for b’, t ’ Once and For All !
It’s a Duty.
Strategy Considerations ( )• Well shielded training ground — All ToolsAll Tools ☞ Move on to Greener Pastures ~ in 2 years
• Publish early — Large Cross Section - If “Limits”, then easy to publish - If “Signal”, Lucked Out!
Strategic Planning for CMS Physics Analysis Vision ~ Early ’06
Well shielded
Publish early
WSH & Arhrib, JHEP2006
Take disfavored status of 4G
to our advantage, i.e. as cover
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 71
The Abyss between CPVCPV in SM3 vs BAU bridged in SM4 by Heaviness of tHeaviness of t ’’ and band b ’’
Why wasn’t this clearly pointed out in past 20 years ?
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 72
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 73
Strong, Nonperturbative Yukawa sets in !
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 74
or, deeper ...
CPV Pursuit George W.S. Hou (NTU) USTC, Nov ’10 75
What about Strength of Phase Transition?
Higgs potential at T 0
4322
220 )(1 HHTEH
T
TmHV T
cT
regulate transition strength: bosons
• For For mmHH > 72> 72 GeV transition is a GeV transition is a crossover
― ― rules out BAU in SMrules out BAU in SM. .
• Typically invoke SUSY: Typically invoke SUSY: light stoplight stop
• With SM4, no new bosons With SM4, no new bosons still insufficient still insufficient
GeV 100Tc
W, Z
Kajantie. Laine, Rummukainen, Shaposhnikov, 1996Kajantie. Laine, Rummukainen, Shaposhnikov, 1996
Fok and Kribs, 2008Fok and Kribs, 2008
e.g. Carena, Quiros, Seco, Wagner, 2000e.g. Carena, Quiros, Seco, Wagner, 2000
Critique
• Strong Yukawa “ PairingPairing” could enter E(T) ?• Higgs field always elementary in literature. What about compositecomposite ?
Could nonperturbative Yukawa save the day? Lattice Higgs-YukawaLattice Higgs-Yukawa
perturbative
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