Nuclear DNA amounts in Macaronesian Angiosperms

Nuclear DNA amounts in Macaronesian Angiosperms

Jan SudaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University

Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

B a s i c d a t aB a s i c d a t a B a s i c d a t aB a s i c d a t a

M a c a r o n e s i a n f l o r aM a c a r o n e s i a n f l o r aM a c a r o n e s i a n f l o r aM a c a r o n e s i a n f l o r a

Total number of species: ca 2 500

Endemic species: ca 600

Endemic genera: ca 31

- high proportion of woody life-forms

- many taxa succulent

- low frequency of geophytes, annuals

- recent diversification (adaptive radiation,

vicarization, inter-island differentiation)

F C M a s s a y sF C M a s s a y sF C M a s s a y sF C M a s s a y s

0

150

300

450

600

750

0 250 500 750 1000

R e la tiv e f lu o re sc e n c e

Num

ber

of n

ucle

i

D. b

ourg

eaua

na, C

=0.

19 p

g

D. l

emsi

i, C

=0.

23 p

g

G 2

0

80

160

240

320

400

0 250 500 750 1000

2 x 4 x

8 x

L.e.

G 2

R e la tiv e f lu o re sc e n c e

Num

ber

o f n

u cle

i

0

250

500

750

1000

1250

0 250 500 750 1000

R e la tiv e f lu o re sc e n c e

Num

ber

of n

ucle

i

A. h

aoua

ryth

eum

A. f

rute

scen

s

R e s u l t sR e s u l t s R e s u l t sR e s u l t s

2 0 0 3

0

2

46

8

10

1214

16

18

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10C - value (pg)

Nu

mb

er o

f ta

xa

2 0 0 2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10C - value (pg)

Num

ber

of ta

xa

S u m m a r y

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10C - value (pg)

Num

ber o

f tax

a

241 species (40 % of the endemic flora)

C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o nC - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o nC - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o nC - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n

very small (< 1.4 pg)

small (1.4 1- 3.5 pg)

intermediate (3.51 - 14 pg)

large (14.01 - 35 pg)

very large (> 35.01 pg)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Prop

ortio

n (%

)

Database Macaronesia

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Database Macaronesia

v ery small small intermediate large v ery large

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

C-value (pg)

Num

ber

of ta

xa

very small small intermediate

C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n

Database Macaronesia

Min 0.17 0.19

Max 127.4 9.52

Range 750 50

Mean 6.34 1.97

Median 2.9 1.02

Mode 0.55 0.51

n 3478 241

Endemic genera

Total: 31

Analyzed: 23 (74 %)Assumed: +4 (87%)

Very small C-values: 19 (83%)Assumed: +2 (78%)

Small C-values: 1 (4%)Assumed: +1 (7%)

Intermediate C-values: 3 (13%)Assumed: +1 (15%)

Correlation with environmental conditionsCorrelation with environmental conditionsCorrelation with environmental conditionsCorrelation with environmental conditions

13.69

14.41

14.14

14.28

14.18

13.94

13.77

Altitude Rainfall Temperature

Argyranthemum (n=7) - - +

Silene (n=4) (-) - +

Micromeria (n=4) (-) - +

Crambe (n=4) + + -

Sonchus (n=3) + + -

W h e r e f i n d m o r e . . . W h e r e f i n d m o r e . . . W h e r e f i n d m o r e . . . W h e r e f i n d m o r e . . .

Suda J., Kyncl T. & Freiová R. (2003): Nuclear DNA amounts in Macaronesian Angiosperms. –

Annals of Botany 92/1: 153-164.

Suda J. & Kyncl T. (xxxx): Nuclear DNA amounts in Macaronesian Angiosperms - forty percent of

the endemic flora finished (in prep.)

Suda J. (xxxx): Macaronesian angiosperms: selection towards very small genomes (in prep.)

Future intentions:

Comparative study of plant C-value variation in Havaiian and Galapagos archipelagos