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Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of

ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators

InnoTesting 2014

Wildau, February 20 - 21, 2014

Dr.-Ing. Verena Ehrler

Torsten Gerlach

www.DLR.de • Chart 1 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

Agenda

• Flight Simulation

• Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT)

• DLR Research on OMCT

• Implications of OMCT

www.DLR.de • Chart 2 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

Flight Simulators – The Very Beginnings

www.DLR.de • Chart 3

Source: Wikimedia Commons

> Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

Use of FSTD

• Pilot training for

oSecurity

oMilitary purpose

• Testing of engineering developments in industry and research of

oSoftware

oHardware

www.DLR.de • Chart 4

Source: Wikimedia, flickr.com www.army.mil,dlr, www.airbusdefenceandspace.com

> Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

Types of Flight Simulation Training Devices FSTD

Different types for different purposes:

www.DLR.de • Chart 5 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

Full Flight Simulator (FFS)

Flight Training Device (FTD)

Flight Navigation Procedures

Trainer (FNPT)

Basic Instrument

Training Device (BITD)

Certified by

official authorities

(JAA)

Full Flight Simulators – FFS

• Highest Level of FFS

• Equipped with high fidelity motion, visual system, realistic cockpit and aircraft type

specific system software

=> Immersive environment for maximum training efficiency

www.DLR.de • Chart 6 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

GRACE, NLRSIMONA, TU Delft AVES, DLR

Motion Cueing - Characteristics

• Motion perception is essential for good immersion

• Motion Drive Algorithms (MDA) transfer aircraft forces and rotational rates

to simulator transitional and angular motion

• MDAs are tuned to specific flight phases for specific aircraft type

www.DLR.de • Chart 7 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

Basic scheme for motion cueing algorithm*

*Reid L.D., Nahon M.A. Flight Simulation Motion-Base Drive Algorithms: Part II – Selecting

the System Parameter. UTIAS Report No. 307, 1986 Toronto

• First motion systems around 1930

• 1954 motion system with cockpit housed within a metal

framework that provides three degrees of displacement in

pitch, roll, and yaw

• Early 1970s: first distant focus displays

• 1982: Wide-angle Infinity Display Equipment (WIDE)

system

• 2009: Objective Motion Cueing Test ICAO 9625

www.DLR.de • Chart 8

Developments of

Flight Simulation Training Devices FSTD

Motion

validation

by pilots

subjective

Electronic

motion

validation

objective

> Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) – Basics

• Frequency domain performance test for motion platforms and their

implemented cueing algorithms

• Developed by International Working Group (IWG), ICAO 9625,

including recommendations to future qualification standards

• Motion fidelity in relation to pilot perception should be measurable

and comparable

• Objective method with standard signal limits for force and acceleration

www.DLR.de • Chart 9 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

OMCT

principle

• Testing operator generates OMCT test data and records responding

motion movement

• All possible aircraft inputs are tested with 12 frequency signals

rising up to 2.5 Hz

• 10 Test cases represent 6 direct and 4 coupled relations

www.DLR.de • Chart 10 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) –

Test and Result 1

Test matrix for single axis and coupled platform movement

• Results are plotted as function of modulus and frequency (Bode-Plot)

www.DLR.de • Chart 11

Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) –

Test and Result 2

> Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

• Full Flight Research Simulator with cockpit

exchange system

• DLR in-house software environment

• Airbus A320 and Eurocopter EC135 Cockpits

(Level D quality)

• Large Field of View (FOV), high resolution

projection system

• 14tons hexapod electro-mechanic motion

system from MOOG

www.DLR.de • Chart 12 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

DLR Research on OMCT – Air Vehicle Simulator

o Heave/Surge/Sway approx. 1m

o 25-30°Roll/Pitch

o Vel: 1m/s; Accel: 0.6-0.8g

o limit Freq. 10 Hz

• AVES specific software environment enables independent control and

recording features of platform software

oDerived from operational software

• Analysis with DLR tool 2Actuate, based on Matlab/Simulink

www.DLR.de • Chart 13 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

DLR Research on OMCT – Test Environment

2Simulate GUI Hard realtime interface computer

AVES Motion Simulator

Recorded

Data

• First real hardware tests performed

• Automated test procedure is under development

• Platform internal force and acceleration calculation used

• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) available for future tests

• Goal: Fully automated test, repeatable during motions systems lifecycle

www.DLR.de • Chart 14 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

DLR Research on OMCT – Current Status

• Automation of test and certification process

• Specific tuning of motion drive algorithms feasible

• Standardization of motion cueing testing

• Raised and improved FSTD qualification standards

• Comparability of flight simulators and motion fidelity

• Improvement and further comparability of pilot training

• Improvement and further comparability of hard- and softwaretests

www.DLR.de • Chart 15 > Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014

Summary & Outlook: Implications of OMCT

www.DLR.de • Chart 16

Dr.-Ing. Verena Charlotte Ehrler

DLR Institute of Transport Research

verena.ehrler@dlr.de

Torsten Gerlach

DLR Institute of Flight Systems

torsten.gerlach@dlr.de

> Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT) of ICAO 9625 and Implications on Flight Simulators > V. Ehrler, T. Gerlach > 21.02.2014