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Ocean Observations: Ocean Observations: Present and FuturePresent and Future
Capitol Hill Oceans Week Capitol Hill Oceans Week June 10, 2004June 10, 2004
Brig. Gen. David L. Johnson, USAF (Ret.)Brig. Gen. David L. Johnson, USAF (Ret.) NOAA Assistant Administrator for Weather ServicesNOAA Assistant Administrator for Weather Services
Ocean Observations: Present and Future
Ocean Observations: Present and Future
• BackgroundBackground
• NOAA’s Ocean ObservationsNOAA’s Ocean Observations
• National Weather Service Operational Information Flow National Weather Service Operational Information Flow
• NOAA’s Ocean ServicesNOAA’s Ocean Services
• Integrated Ocean Observing System and Integrated Ocean Observing System and National Water Quality Monitoring SystemNational Water Quality Monitoring System
• ConclusionConclusion
Increasing Global PressuresIncreasing Global Pressures
How Do You Define Ocean?How Do You Define Ocean?
• White Water to Blue Water is the White Water to Blue Water is the Geographic ScopeGeographic Scope
NOAA’s Ocean ObservationsNOAA’s Ocean Observations
PORTS™ NWLONMussel Watch NERR SitesWX Buoys C-MAN BuoysGeodesy – CORS
TAO ArrayTAO Array
Tropical Atmosphere Ocean ArrayEl Niño Forecasting
NOAA SatellitesNOAA Satellites
• Imaging & MonitoringImaging & Monitoring– Severe Weather EventsSevere Weather Events– Iceberg EventsIceberg Events– Ocean EventsOcean Events– Tropical CyclonesTropical Cyclones– Oil Spills Oil Spills – Sea Surface TemperatureSea Surface Temperature– Ocean Color and Chlorophyll LevelsOcean Color and Chlorophyll Levels– Ocean Surface WindsOcean Surface Winds– Coral BleachingCoral Bleaching– Ocean PrecipitationOcean Precipitation
GOESGOES
POESPOES
Additional Sources for NOAA Observations
Additional Sources for NOAA Observations
• Voluntary Observing ShipsVoluntary Observing Ships
• Marine Observations Marine Observations (MAROBs)(MAROBs)
• PartnershipsPartnerships
Weather Forecast Offices/River Forecast Centers
Emergency Managers
Public
National Environmental Satellite,
Data, and Information Service
National Weather ServiceOperational Information Flow
National Weather ServiceOperational Information Flow
National Centers for
Environmental Prediction
National DataBuoy Center
TelecommunicationGatewayNWS Marine
Observing
Network
Global Telecommunication
System Operational
Bulletins
DATA DELIVERY
Gulf of Maine Observing System
Coastal OceanMonitoring &
Prediction System
Texas Automated Buoy System
NOAA’s Ocean ServicesNOAA’s Ocean Services
• Marine Forecasts and Marine Forecasts and Warnings for:Warnings for:– Coastal watersCoastal waters– Great LakesGreat Lakes– Offshore watersOffshore waters– High seas watersHigh seas waters– Rip currentsRip currents– HurricanesHurricanes– TsunamisTsunamis
• Seasonal OutlooksSeasonal Outlooks– Hurricane SeasonHurricane Season– El Niño/La NiñaEl Niño/La Niña
NOAA’s Ocean ServicesNOAA’s Ocean Services
• Coral Reef Conservation
• International Collaboration
• Marine Protected Areas
• National Marine Sanctuaries
• Ocean Exploration
• Oil and Chemical Spills
• Coastal Decision-making Tools• Coastal Ecosystem Science• Coastal Management• Coastal Monitoring and
Observations• Contaminants in the Environment• Ecological Forecasting• National Estuarine Research
Reserves• Natural Hazards Assessment• Natural Resource Restoration• Training and Capacity- building
• Aerial Photography and Shoreline Mapping
• Global Positioning• Marine Navigation• Tides and Currents
Ocean Commission RecommendationsOcean Commission Recommendations
• Integrated Ocean Integrated Ocean Observing SystemObserving System
• National Water Quality National Water Quality Monitoring SystemMonitoring System
NOAA’s Vision of an Integrated Ocean Observing System
NOAA’s Vision of an Integrated Ocean Observing System
• As part of NOAA’s As part of NOAA’s integrated earth integrated earth observing system, observing system, provide a provide a sustained global to sustained global to local ocean local ocean observation & data observation & data management/management/communication communication system.system.
Integrated Ocean Management Integrated Ocean Management
Bringing It All Together Bringing It All Together
DMAC Standards and
Protocols
IOOS Data Management & Communications (DMAC)
IOOS Data Management & Communications (DMAC)
Currently '07 StartCurrently '07 Start
What is the Impact of a Climate Prediction What is the Impact of a Climate Prediction Center Forecast for a Wetter Than Normal Center Forecast for a Wetter Than Normal Summer on Chesapeake Bay Oystermen?Summer on Chesapeake Bay Oystermen?
Seasonal PrecipitationSeasonal PrecipitationSeasonal PrecipitationSeasonal Precipitation
Above NormalAbove NormalAbove NormalAbove Normal
Below NormalBelow NormalBelow NormalBelow Normal
Water Quality MonitoringWater Quality Monitoring
Nutrient LoadingNutrient LoadingNutrient LoadingNutrient Loading
Oyster MortalityOyster MortalityOyster MortalityOyster MortalitySalinitySalinitySalinitySalinity
TurbidityTurbidityTurbidityTurbidity-
NUTRIENTS
+
-
NUTRIENTS
+
-
TURBIDITY
+
-
TURBIDITY
+
-
MORTALITY
+
-
MORTALITY
+
-
SALINITY
+
-
SALINITY
+
• Enhanced ability to protect lives and property and expand Enhanced ability to protect lives and property and expand economic opportunities, understanding climate variability, economic opportunities, understanding climate variability, and promote healthy ecosystems.and promote healthy ecosystems.
• More cost-effective use of infrastructures, knowledge, and More cost-effective use of infrastructures, knowledge, and expertise.expertise.
• Rapid access to environmental data and information.Rapid access to environmental data and information.
• More timely detection and prediction of changes and More timely detection and prediction of changes and events.events.
• Broader application of data and information.Broader application of data and information.
• Increased funding for research and monitoring.Increased funding for research and monitoring.
Benefits of IOOS and a National Water Quality Monitoring System
Benefits of IOOS and a National Water Quality Monitoring System
Present Ocean Sensor?Present Ocean Sensor?
Future?Future?
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