osteologie craniu

NEUROCRANIUM

• Os frontale• Os sphenoidale• Os ethmoidale• Os occipitale• Os parietale• Os temporale

VISCEROCRANIUM

• Maxilla• Os nasale• Os lacrimale• Concha nasalis inferior• Vomer• Os palatinum• Os zygomaticum• Mandibula

NEUROCRANIUM

•Os frontale•Os sphenoidale•Os ethmoidale•Os occipitale•Os parietale•Os temporale

VISCEROCRANIUM

•Maxilla•Os nasale•Os lacrimale•Concha nasalis inferior•Vomer•Os palatinum•Os zygomaticum•Mandibula

Squama frontalis

Facies externa

•margo supraorbitalis•incisura/foramen frontale•incisura/foramen supraorbitalis•processus zygomaticus•arcus supraciliaris•tuber frontale•Glabella•linea temporalis

Os frontale

Facies interna

•Crista frontalis•Sulcus sinus sagitalis superior

Pars orbitalis

Facies orbitalis-fossa glandulae lacrimalis-fovea trochlearis

Facies endocranialis- impressio digitiformis

Incisura ethmoidalis-foramen ethmoidale anterius-foramen ethmoidale anterius-celulae ethmoidofrontale

Pars orbitalis

Facies orbitalis-fossa glandulae lacrimalis-fovea trochlearis

Facies enocranialis- impressio digitiformis

Incisura ethmoidalis-foramen ethmoidale anterius-foramen ethmoidale anterius-celulae ethmoidofrontale

Margo-sagitallis-frontalis-squamosus-occipitalis

Angulus-frontalis AS-sphenoidalis AI-occipitalis PS-mastoideus PI

Facies externa-tuber parietale-linea temporalis superior-linea temporalis inferior-foramen parietale

Facies interna-impresiones digitiformis-sulcus sinus sagitalis superior-foramen parietale

Pars basilaris-clivus-sulcus sinus petrossi inferioris

Pars lateralis-tuberculum jugularis-incisura jugularis-foramen jugularis-processus intrajugularis-processus jugularis -sulcus sinus sigmoidei

Squama occipitalis-protuberantia occip interna-crista occipitalis interna-sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris-sulcus sinus transversi

Pars basilaris-tuberculum pharingeum

Pars lateralis-condylus occipitalis-fossa condylaris-canalis condylaris-canalis hypoglossi

Squama occipitalis-protuberantia occip externa-crista occipitalis externa-linea nuchalis superior-linea nuchalis suprema-linea nuchalis inferior

Pars petrosa Pars mastoidea Pars squamosaPars tympanica

Processus styloideus

Pars petrosaFacies anterior

-impresio trigeminalis-eminentia arcuata-tegmen tympani-hiatus can. N. petrosi majoris-hiatus can. N. petrosi minoris-sulcus N. petrosi majoris-sulcus N. petrosi minoris

Pars petrosaFacies posterior

-porus acusticus inernus-meatus acusticus internus-crista transversa-area facialis -canalis facialis-geniculum canalis facialis-fossa subarcuata-apertura externa aqueductus vestibuli

Pars petrosaFacies inferior

-canalis caroticus-canaliculi caroticotympanici-fossa jugularis-canaliculus mastoideus-fossula petrosa-canaliculus tympanicus -canaliculus cochleae-foramen stylomastoideum-processus styloideus

Pars petrosaMargini

-superior-anterior-posterior

-sulcus sinus petrosi inferior

-foramen jugulare

Pars petrosaApex partis petrosae

-foramen lacerum-canalis caroticus-septum musculotubarii-semicanalis musculi tensor tympani-semicanalis tubae auditoriae aditivae

Pars mastoideaFacies externa

-processus mastoideus-cellulae mastoidea-incisura mastoidea-sulcus arteriae occipitalis-spina supemeatum-foramen mastoideum

Facies interna-sulcus sinus sigmoidei

Pars squamosaFacies temporalis

-processus zygomaticus

-arcus zygomaticus-tuberculum articulare-fossa mandibularis-linea temporalis

Facies cerebralis-ramii art. cerebralis mediae

Pars tympanica

-porus acusticus externus-sulcus tympanicus-fissura tympanosquamosa

-fissura tympanomastoidea-fissura petrotympanica

(Glasser)-crista tegmentalis-fissura petrosquamosa

Labiryntus ethmoidalis-cellulae ethmoidale-cellulae ethmoidofrontale

Lamina orbitalis - lateralisLamina medialis

-concha nasalis superior-concha nasalis media -concha nasalis suprema-processus uncinatus -bula ethmoidalis-hiatus semilunaris-infundibulum ethmoidale

Corpus ossis sphenoidalis Ala major Ala minorProcessus pterygoideus

Corpus ossis sphenoidalis Ala major Ala minorProcessus pterygoideus

Corpus ossis sphenoidalis Ala major Ala minorProcessus pterygoideus

Corpus facies anterior-sinus sphenoidalis-septum intersinusale

sphenoidale-crista sphenoidalis-apertura sinus sphenoidalefacies inferior -rostrum sphenoidalefacies posteriorfacies lateralis -sulcus caroticus

Corpus facies superior ( sella

turcica )-fossa hypophysialis-dorsum sellae-processus clinoideus anterior-sulcus prechiasmatis

Ala minor-Canalis opticus -fissura orbitalis supeior-processus clinoideus anterior

Ala major Facies cerebralis

-foramen rotundum -foramen ovale-foramen spinosum

Ala major Facies orbitalis

-fissura orbitalis superior-fissura orbitalis inferior

Ala majorFacies maxillaris Facies temporalis Facies infratemporalis

-crista infratemporalis-spina ossis sphenoidalis

Ala major Margini

-frontalis-squamosa-parietalis-petrosus-zygomaticus

Processus pterygoideusLamina medialis Lamina lateralis

-sulcus pterygopalatinus-fossa pterygoidea-fossa scaphoidea-hamulus pterygoideus-canalis pterygoideus

( vidian )

Lamina cribrosa Lamina horizontalis

Lamina perpendicularisCrista galli Ala crista galli

Corpus maxillaeProcessus frontalis Processus zygomaticusProcessus palatinusProcessus alveolaris Sinus maxillaris

Corpus maxillaeFacies anterior

-margo infraorbitalis-incisura nasalis-apertura piriformis nasalis anterior-fossa incisiva-fossa canina -foramen infraorbitale -creasta zigomaticoalveolara

Corpus maxillaeFacies orbitalis

-fisura orbitalis posterior-sulcus infraorbitalis-canalis infraorbitalis

Corpus maxillaeFacies infratemporalis

-tuber maxillae -foramina alveolaris

Corpus maxillaeFacies nasalis

-hiatus maxillaris -sulcus lacrimalis-canalis nasolacrimalis

Processus frontalis-crista lacrimalis anterior-crista ethmoidalis-crista conchalis

Processus zygomaticus

Processus palatinus Facies superior

-crista nasalis-spina nasalis anterior

Facies inferior-torus palatin-sulci palatini

Canalis incisivus (nazopalatin)-orificiile nasale-orificiul bucal-orificiile Stenon-orificiile Scarpa

Processus alveolaris-arcus alveolaris -tuberculul alveolar-alveoli dentales-juga alveolaria -septa interalveolaria-septa interradicularia

Sinus maxillaris

Facies externa Facies interna

-sulcus ethmoidalis

Facies lateralis -crista lacrimalis posterior-hamulus lacrimalis-sulcus lacrimalis-fossa saci lacrimalis-canalis nasolacrimalis

Facies medialis

Facies medialis Facies lateralis

-meatus nasi inferiorProcessus lacrimalisProcessus maxillaris Processus ethmoidalis

Margini-superioara –ala vomeris-inferioara-anterioara-posterioara

Lamina horizontalis Lamina perpendicularis

Lamina horizontalisFacies nasalis

-crista nasalis -spina nasalis posterior

Facies palatina -foramina palatina minora-canales palatini minores

Lamina perpendicularisFacies maxilaris

-sulcus palatinus major-canalis palatinus major

Facies nasalis -crista ethmoidalis -crista conchalis

Processus orbitalis Processus sphenoidalis

-incisura sphenopalatina-foramen sphenopalatinum

Processus pyramindalis

Canalis zygomaticus Facies lateralis

-foramen zygomaticofaciale Facies temporalis

-foramen zygomaticotemporale

Facies orbitalis -foramen zygomaticoorbitale

Processus frontalis Processus temporalis

-arcus zygomaticusProcessus maxillaris

Corpus mandibulae Ramus mandibulae Angulus mandibulaeCanalis mandibulae

Corpus mandibulae Basis mandibulae facies externa-symphysis mandibulae

mentalis-protuberantia mentalis-tuberculum mentale -foseta mentoniera-foramen mentale -linea obliqua

Corpus mandibulae Basis mandibulae facies interna-linea mylohyoidea-fossa digastrica-fovea sublingualis-fovea submandibularis-torus mandibularis

Corpus mandibulae Basis mandibulae Pars alveolaris -lamele alveolare interna si

externa -septa interalveolaria -septa interradicularia -juga alveolaria

Ramus mandibulaeAngulus mandibulae Margo inferior Margo posterior Margo superior

-processus coronoideus -processus condylaris -caput mandibulae-foveea pterygoidea-creasta mandibulara

Margo anterior -creasta mediala -creasta mediala -trigonul retromolar

Ramus mandibulaeFacies externa – lateralis

-tuberositas maseterica Facies interna – medialis

-foramen mandibulae-lingula mandibulae SPIX-antilingula -sulcus mylohyoideus -tuberozitas pterygoidea