Osteology of thrank - ssu.ac.ir · PDF fileFigure 5.11 Orientation of the pelvis and pelvic...

Figure 3.51 Lateral view of the mediastinum.

Figure 3.10 Vertebral level TIV/V.

Figure 3.52 Subdivisions of the mediastinum.

Figure 3.20 Ribs.

Figure 3.1 Thoracic wall and cavity.

Figure 3.23 Sternum.

Figure 2.5 Vertebrae.

© 2005 Elsevier

Figure 2.24 Spaces between adjacent vertebral arches in the lumbar region.

Figure 2.80 Back with the ends of the spinal cord and subarachnoid space indicated. A. In a man. Back with the ends of the spinal cord and subarachnoid space indicated. B. In a woman lying on her side in a fetal position, which accentuates the lumbar vertebral

spinous processes and opens the spaces between adjacent vertebral arches. Cerebrospinal fluid can be withdrawn from the subarachnoid space in lower lumbar regions without endangering the spinal cord.

Figure 2.80 Back with the ends of the spinal cord and subarachnoid space indicated. A. In a man. Back with the ends of the spinal cord and subarachnoid space indicated. B. In a woman lying on her side in a fetal position, which accentuates the lumbar vertebral

spinous processes and opens the spaces between adjacent vertebral arches. Cerebrospinal fluid can be withdrawn from the subarachnoid space in lower lumbar regions without endangering the spinal cord.

Figure 2.31 Intervertebral joints.

Figure 2.21 Regional vertebrae. A. Typical cervical vertebra. Regional vertebrae. B. Atlas and axis. C. Typical thoracic vertebra. D. Typical lumbar vertebra. Regional vertebrae. E. Sacrum. F. Coccyx.

Figure 2.79 The back with the positions of vertebral spinous processes and associated structures indicated. A. In a man. B. In a woman with neck flexed. The prominent CVII and TI vertebral spinous processes are labeled. C. In a woman with neck flexed to accentuate the ligamentum nuchae.

Figure 3.18 Typical thoracic vertebra.

Figure 3.19 Typical thoracic vertebrae.

Figure 3.2 Joints between ribs and vertebrae.

Figure 5.22 Sacrum and coccyx. A. Anterior view. B. Posterior view. C. Lateral view.

Figure 5.24 Sacro-iliac joints and associated ligaments. A. Lateral view. B. Anterior view. C. Posterior view.

Figure 5.24 Sacro-iliac joints and associated ligaments. A. Lateral view. B. Anterior view. C. Posterior view.

Figure 5.29 Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments. A. Medial view of right side of pelvis. B. Function of the ligaments.

Figure 2.15 Vertebrae.

Figure 2.34 Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments of vertebral column.

Figure 2.35 Ligamenta flava.

Figure 2.36 Supraspinous ligament and ligamentum nuchae. © 2005 Elsevier

Figure 3.98 Anterior view of chest wall with the locations of skeletal structures shown. A. In women. The location of the nipple relative to a specific intercostal space varies depending on the size of the breasts, which may not be symmetric. B. In men. Note the location of the nipple in the fourth intercostal space.

Figure 3.98 Anterior view of chest wall with the locations of skeletal structures shown. A. In women. The location of the nipple relative to a specific intercostal space varies depending on the size of the breasts, which may not be symmetric. B. In men. Note the location of the nipple in the fourth intercostal space.

Figure 3.21 A typical rib. A. Anterior view. B. Posterior view of proximal end of rib.

Figure 3.2 Joints between ribs and vertebrae.

Figure 3.24 Costovertebral joints.

Figure 3.22 Atypical ribs.

Figure 3.3 Superior thoracic aperture.

Figure 3.7 Superior thoracic aperture and axillary inlet.

Figure 3.14 Flexible thoracic wall and inferior thoracic aperture.

Figure 5.4 Pelvic inlet.

Figure 5.1 Pelvis and perineum.

Figure 5.11 Orientation of the pelvis and pelvic cavity in the anatomic position.

Figure 5.20 Ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Figure 5.19 Right pelvic bone. A. Medial view. B. Lateral view.

Figure 2.79 The back with the positions of vertebral spinous processes and associated structures indicated. A. In a man. B. In a woman with neck flexed. The prominent CVII and TI vertebral spinous processes are labeled. C. In a woman with neck flexed to accentuate the ligamentum nuchae.

Figure 5.19 Right pelvic bone. A. Medial view. B. Lateral view.

Figure 5.21 Components of the pelvic bone. A. Medial surface. B. Lateral surface.

Figure 5.6 Pelvic outlet.

Figure 5.9 Perineum. A. In women. B. In men.

Figure 5.10 Areas of communication between the true pelvis and other regions. A. Between the true pelvis, abdomen, and lower limb. Areas of communication between the true pelvis and other regions. B. Between the

perineum and other regions.

Figure 3.34 Movement of thoracic wall during breathing. A. Pump handle movement of ribs and sternum. B. Bucket handle movement of ribs.

Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 23 April 2008 0 7:18 AM)© 2005 Elsevier

Figure 3.34 Movement of thoracic wall during breathing. A. Pump handle movement of ribs and sternum. B. Bucket handle movement of ribs.

Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 23 April 2008 0 7:18 AM)© 2005 Elsevier