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Overview of Hydro-Overview of Hydro-meteorological Disasters meteorological Disasters
in Asiain Asia
by Ti Le-Huu
Water Resources SectionEnvironment and Sustainable
Development DivisionUNESCAP
Main Points of DiscussionMain Points of DiscussionNatural hazards and hydro-meteorological
disastersHydro-meteorological disasters in AsiaRecent developments in dealing with
hydro-meteorological disastersTrends in disaster management in
national planningNeeds and recommended priority actions
Major Hazards in AsiaMajor Hazards in Asia Floods Cyclones Earthquakes Droughts Tornadoes
Debris flows Hailstorms Storm surges Tsunamis Haze
Source: UNESCAP Surveys
Hydro-meteorological Hydro-meteorological Disasters iDisasters in the Regionn the Region
Asia is one of the most vulnerable regions of the world to water-related natural disasters, including floods, cyclones, droughts, tornados, debris flows, hailstorms and storm surges (ESCAP’s recent surveys).
All countries in Asia are affected by annual hydro-meteorological disasters.
Characteristics of hydro-meteorological disasters may vary among the countries.
Floods in hydro-Floods in hydro-meteorological disastersmeteorological disasters
The most frequent and severe natural disaster in Asia is floods.
Critical years: 1992 to 2003. Most severe years: 1998, 2000, 1997 and 1995.
During the last Decade, floods caused nearly 200,000 deaths and damage of several tens of US$ billions (including US$23 billion lost in 1998 mostly by floods in China, RoK and Viet Nam)
Annual Impacts of HAnnual Impacts of Hydro-ydro-meteorological Disastersmeteorological Disasters
Order of impacts: floods, strong winds, land slides, storm surges.
Annual damage by hydro-meteorological disasters in the typhoon area varies from $5.5 million in Hong Kong, China to $1.96 billion in Japan.
Benefits from typhoons: 50% of annual rainfall in Philippines.
A recent flood in Cambodia
A recent flood in Moosan City, Republic of Korea
PerspectivesPerspectives Hydro-meteorological disaster
management has a long history of mankind.
Achievements are different from one country to another depending on socio-economic conditions.
Diversity in the region provide a wide spectrum of achievements in hydro-meteorological disaster management processes.
In India, recent trends are decreasing.
In Thailand, overall trends are increasing, except recent damage trend
In Philippines, all trends are increasing, except recent house damage
In Japan and ROK, decreasing trends of disasters impact are obvious, although it is much clearer in the case of Japan
Best Regional PracticesBest Regional Practices
Cyclone and Flood EWS: Typhoon Committee, Panel on Tropical Cyclones, Mekong River Commission and several countries in the region
Community-based disaster management: Typhoon Committee, DPR-SEA-2 and ADPC-IFRC Workshop on Disaster Management Practitioners
Key MessagesKey Messages Hydro-meteorological disasters continue
to be one of the most important impediments to sustainable socio-economic development and poverty eradication in Asia
Success in hydro-meteorological disaster management depends on how effective the activities are integrated into the national development process
Effectiveness of the integration depends correct understanding of socio-economic impact of the disasters at all levels: regional, national, sub-national and local
OpportunitiesOpportunitiesPreparatory activities of the World
Conference on Disaster Reduction in Kobe, Hyogo in January 2005
Importance of hydro-meteorological disaster management in formulation of IWRM and WSSD targets on IWRM Plan in 2005
Importance of disaster management in poverty eradication of MDGs and JPOI
Recommended Priority ActionsRecommended Priority ActionsSearch for appropriate methodologies to assess
socio-economic impact of disastersUndertake pilot projects on application of these
methodologies to better support the national development processes
Propose strategies for disaster impact assessment in the region, based on experiences of the pilot projects and best regional practices
Develop a regional programme on management of hydro-meteorological disasters for poverty eradication to be presented at the World Conference on Disaster Reduction in 2005
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