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Physics data booklet
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PhysicsData Booklet
Standard Grade andAccess 3 to
Advanced Higher
Published date: February 2008Publication code: BB2099ISBN: 978 1 85969 697 2
Published by the Scottish Qualifications AuthorityThe Optima Building, 58 Robertson Street, Glasgow G2 8DQIronmills Road, Dalkeith, Midlothian EH22 1LE
www.sqa.org.uk
The information in this publication may be reproduced in support of SQAqualifications. If it is reproduced, SQA should be clearly acknowledged asthe source. If it is to be used for any other purpose, then written permission
must be obtained from the Publications Team at SQA. It must not bereproduced for trade or commercial purposes. Scottish Qualifications Authority 2008
Physics Data BookletStandard Grade and Access 3to Advanced Higher
For use in National Qualification Coursesleading to the 2008 examinations and beyond
For an up-to-date list of prices visit the Publication Sales and Downloads section of SQAswebsite.This document can be produced, on request, in alternative formats, including large type, braille andnumerous community languages.
For further details telephone SQAs Customer Contact Centre on 0845 279 1000.
Contents
Introduction 1Relationships for Access 3 and/or Intermediate 1 2Relationships for Standard Grade and/or Intermediate 23Relationships for Higher 4Relationships for Advanced Higher6Additional relationships 8Electron arrangements of elements 9
1Introduction
This data booklet is intended for use by candidates in examinations in Physics at Standard Grade,Intermediate 1, Intermediate 2, Higher and Advanced Higher Levels from the 2008 examinationdiet. It is recommended that candidates become familiar with the contents of the data bookletthrough use in undertaking Units of these Courses, including Physics Units at Access 3.
The range of data contained in the booklet has been limited to that syllabus content which may beassessed through written examination papers. This data should be supplemented by other resourcematerial as necessary during the course, eg by using data sheets. However, should any additionalinformation (or data not included in this booklet) be required in an examination, such informationwill be included in the examination paper.
Additional relationships, which candidates may find useful, are contained on page 8.A periodic table of elements is included on page 9.
From the variety of data offered in this booklet, candidates will be expected to demonstrate theability to select an appropriate:
formula relationship element or data pertaining to an element
2Relationships for Access 3 and/or Intermediate 1
resistance = voltagecurrent
current =powervoltage
speed = distancetime
voltage gain=
weight =10 mass
output voltageinput voltage
average speed = distancetime
ns
np
3
Relationships for Standard Grade and/or Intermediate 2
d = v t
W =mg
P = IV
P = I 2R
F = ma
p =mv
Ew = Fd
E p =mgh
Eh = cm T
Eh =ml
Q = It
v= f
V = IR
Ek = mv21
2
s = v t
t
M
va =
t
vua =
t
EP =
f1
P =
t
NA =
m
ED =
H = DwR
RV 2P=
Vgain
Ei
useful Eopercentage efficiency = !100
Pi
useful Popercentage efficiency = !100
M
RT = R1 + R2 + ...
RT R1 R2
V2 = Vs
1 1 1+ ...+=
=V1V2
R1R2
=VsVp=
I pIs
=
VoVi
Pgain =PoPi
R2R1+R2
sin2
4
Relationships for Higher
t
M
va =
v = u+ at
v = u +2as
s = ut+
s = u +v t( )
at2
2 2
12
12
F =ma
Ew = Fd
E p =mgh
E =V + Ir
9 E = 9 IR
Ek = mv21
2
t
EP =
AFP =
= constantPVT
p =mv
Ft =mv mu
Vm=
W =QV
RT = R1 + R2 + ...
RT R1 R2
1 1 1+ ...+=
R2 R4
R1 R3=
V = IR
P = IV = I R =22V
R
Vpeak 2Vrms= M
I peak 2 Irms= M
VQC=
E = QV = CV =
=
12
12
2
2
212 C
Q
VoV1
Vo = (V2 V1)
T =
R fR1
RfR1
1f
v = f
1
2
v1
v2
path difference= npath difference= n+ 12( )
I = kd
d sin = n
n =sin1
sin2sin1
sinc =1n
= =
P = gh
t
t
5Relationships for Higher
E = hfI = Nhf
API =
t
NA =
m
ED =
tH
Ek = hf hf0W2 W1 = hf
E =mc2
H = DwR
H =
max. value min. valuenumber of valuesrandom uncertainty=
6Relationships for Advanced Higher
L = I
F = QE
= 2f
y = Acost or y = Asint
= y
Erot = I
a = =
v = u+ at
s = ut+ at
v = u + 2as
m =
1
=o +t
=o + 2
s = r
v = r
T = Fr
T = I
L = mvr = mr
at = r
r
var = = r
F = = mr
=ot+ t
mo
2 2
2
2
2
2
2
12
dtdv
dtd s
E =mc2
dt =
d
dt = =
ddtd
212
2
22
r
mv2
2
2
2
v2
c2
2Gmr
2
2
12
F =r
Gm1m2
V =
v=
r
Gm
dtd y2 22
v = A y+ 2 2
Ek = m21
2
Ep = m y2
2
212
A y
] g^ h2 2
ph
=
2nh
mvr =
4forQ1Q2F =
24forQE =
4forQV =
7Relationships for Advanced Higher
V = Ed
F = qvB
f = fs
y = Asin2 ft
f = L
F = IlBsin
B=
=
no I2r
dIdt
x
v
v+ vs
no I1I22r
2x
Fl
E = LI122
f = fs
=
v+ vov
optical path difference = m
optical path difference = m+ ( )
2dl
x =
M
dD
x =
M
m =m1 m2
c1 c2
2 n 2
M
c =
MYYX
X
M
XM
4nd =
n = tani p
= +
+=
M 2
Y
M2 2
ZZ
M
Z
M
2
( )
2 n 2( )
12
8Additional Relationships
Circle Table of standard derivatives
Table of standard integrals
circumference= 2r
Sphere
Trigonometry
Moment of inertia
area = 4r
volume= r
area= r2
3
2
34
sin = oppositehypotenuse
sin + cos =1
cos =adjacent
hypotenuse
tan =oppositeadjacent
2 2
point massI = mr2
rod about centreI = ml2112
rod about endI = ml213
disc about centreI = mr212
sphere about centreI = mr225
f (x) f '(x)
sinax acosax
cosax asinax
f (x) f (x)dx
sinax cosax +C
cosax sinax +C
1a
1a
88
1H1
Hydrogen
3
Li2, 1
Lithium
4
Be2, 2
Beryllium
11
Na2, 8, 1
Sodium
12
Mg2, 8, 2
Magnesium
19
K2, 8, 8, 1
Potassium
20
Ca2, 8, 8, 2
Calcium
37
Rb2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Rubidium
38
Sr2, 8, 18, 8, 2
Strontium
55
Cs2, 8, 18, 18,
8, 1Caesium
56
Ba2, 8, 18, 18,
8, 2Barium
87
Fr2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 1Francium
88
Ra2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 2Radium
21
Sc2, 8, 9, 2Scandium
22
Ti2, 8, 10, 2Titanium
39
Y2, 8, 18, 9, 2Yttrium
40
Zr2, 8, 18, 10, 2Zirconium
57
La2, 8, 18, 18,
9, 2Lanthanum
72
Hf2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2
Hafnium
89
Ac2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 9, 2Actinium
104
Rf2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 10, 2
Rutherfordium
23
V2, 8, 11, 2Vanadium
41
Nb2, 8, 18, 12, 1Niobium
73
Ta2, 8, 18, 32, 11, 2
Tantalum
105
Db2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 11, 2Dubnium
24
Cr2, 8, 13, 1Chromium
42
Mo2, 8, 18, 13, 1Molybdenum
74
W2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
Tungsten
106
Sg2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 12, 2
Seaborgium
25
Mn2, 8, 13, 2Manganese
43
Tc2, 8, 18, 13, 2Technetium
75
Re2, 8, 18, 32, 13, 2
Rhenium
107
Bh2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 13, 2Bohrium
26
Fe2, 8, 14, 2Iron
44
Ru2, 8, 18, 15, 1Ruthenium
76
Os2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2
Osmium
108
Hs2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 14, 2Hassium
27
Co2, 8, 15, 2Cobalt
45
Rh2, 8, 18, 16, 1Rhodium
77
Ir2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2Iridium
109
Mt2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 15, 2
Meitnerium
28
Ni2, 8, 16, 2Nickel
46
Pd2, 8, 18, 18, 0Palladium
78
Pt2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Platinum
29
Cu2, 8, 18, 1Copper
47
Ag2, 8, 18, 18, 1Silver
79
Au2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1Gold
30
Zn2, 8, 18, 2Zinc
48
Cd2, 8, 18, 18, 2Cadmium
80
Hg2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
Mercury
5
B2, 3Boron
13
Al2, 8, 3
Aluminium
31
Ga2, 8, 18, 3Gallium
49
In2, 8, 18, 18, 3Indium
81
Tl2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3
Thallium
6
C2, 4
Carbon
14
Si2, 8, 4Silicon
32
Ge2, 8, 18, 4Germanium
50
Sn2, 8, 18, 18, 4
Tin
82
Pb2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4Lead
7
N2, 5
Nitrogen
15
P2, 8, 5
Phosphorus
33
As2, 8, 18, 5Arsenic
51
Sb2, 8, 18, 18, 5Antimony
83
Bi2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Bismuth
8
O2, 6
Oxygen
16
S2, 8, 6Sulphur
34
Se2, 8, 18, 6Selenium
52
Te2, 8, 18, 18, 6Tellurium
84
Po2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 6
Polonium
9
F2, 7
Fluorine
17
Cl2, 8, 7Chlorine
35
Br2, 8, 18, 7Bromine
53
I2, 8, 18, 18, 7Iodine
85
At2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 7
Astatine
10
Ne2, 8Neon
18
Ar2, 8, 8Argon
36
Kr2, 8, 18, 8Krypton
54
Xe2, 8, 18, 18, 8Xenon
86
Rn2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8Radon
2
He2
Helium
57
La2, 8, 18, 18,
9, 2Lanthanum
58
Ce2, 8, 18, 20,
8, 2Cerium
59
Pr2, 8, 18, 21,
8, 2Praseodymium
60
Nd2, 8, 18, 22,
8, 2Neodymium
61
Pm2, 8, 18, 23,
8, 2Promethium
62
Sm2, 8, 18, 24,
8, 2Samarium
63
Eu2, 8, 18, 25,
8, 2Europium
64
Gd2, 8, 18, 25,
9, 2Gadolinium
65
Tb2, 8, 18, 27,
8, 2Terbium
66
Dy2, 8, 18, 28,
8, 2Dysprosium
67
Ho2, 8, 18, 29,
8, 2Holmium
68
Er2, 8, 18, 30,
8, 2Erbium
69
Tm2, 8, 18, 31,
8, 2Thulium
70
Yb2, 8, 18, 32,
8, 2Ytterbium
89
Ac2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 9, 2Actinium
90
Th2, 8, 18, 32, 18,10, 2Thorium
91
Pa2, 8, 18, 32, 20, 9, 2
Protactinium
92
U2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2Uranium
93
Np2, 8, 18, 32, 22, 9, 2
Neptunium
94
Pu2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Plutonium
95
Am2, 8, 18, 32, 25, 8, 2
Americium
96
Cm2, 8, 18, 32, 25, 9, 2Curium
97
Bk2, 8, 18, 32, 27, 8, 2
Berkelium
98
Cf2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Californium
99
Es2, 8, 18, 32, 29, 8, 2
Einsteinium
100
Fm2, 8, 18, 32, 30, 8, 2Fermium
101
Md2, 8, 18, 32, 31, 8, 2
Mendelevium
102
No2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 2Nobelium
71
Lu2, 8, 18, 32,
9, 2Lutetium
103
Lr2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 9, 2
Lawrencium
Electron Arrangements of Elements
Group1(1)
Group2
(2)
(3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)
Group3
(13)
Group4
(14)
Group5
(15)
Group6
(16)
Group7
(17)
Group0(18)
Transition Elements
Lanthanides
Actinides
Atomic numberSymbol
Electron arrangement Name
Key
9
Customer Contact CentreT: 0845 279 1000 E: customer@sqa.org.uk W: www.sqa.org.uk
BB2099 February 2008
ISBN: 978 1 85969 697 2
Physics Data Booklet Standard Grade and Access 3 to Advanced HigherContentsIntroductionRelationships for Access 3 and/or Intermediate 1Relationships for Standard Grade and/or Intermediate 2Relationships for HigherRelationships for HigherRelationships for Advanced HigherRelationships for Advanced HigherAdditional RelationshipsElectron Arrangements of Elements
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