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Poa annuaPoa annuaCool SeasCool-Seas
TTuBruce Branham
University of Illinois aUniversity of Illinois aLands
a Control ina Control inson Sportsson Sports
furfand Matt Giese
and Syngenta Turf &and Syngenta Turf & scape
yprobprob
the seed!
blem?blem?
yyProbProbProbProb
Despite the name, Poa turf is mostly a perenniaturf is mostly a perennia
Seed production separaSeed production separaproblems.
Adapted to low heights shade.
Lack of environmental s–Significantly more susce
–Shallow roots increase sdrought
blem?blem?blem?blem?annua in highly maintain
alal.
ates Poa from other weeates Poa from other wee
of cut, compaction, and
stress toleranceeptible to ice and freeze inj
susceptibility to heat and
Why is PoWhy is Poproblproblproblprobl
•Seed production
•Soil seed bank
–Seed production
•H h d•How much seed cproduce?p
•Lush (1993) estimaputting green couldmillion viable seeds
oa such a oa such a lem?lem?lem?lem?
t d f Pcan a pure stand of Poa
ated that a Poa annua d produce from 14 to 63 s/M/Yr!
emperature emperature –– 20020001 (two locations01 (two locations
ggemperature emperature –– 200200
yy01 (two locations01 (two locations
Why is Poproblprobl
• Ad d l h• Adapted to low he
• P d b d• Produces abundan
• M b i• May begin as an aconverts to a perep
• If only an annual, ty ,good preemergenc
• With perennial Poaherbicide is necess
oa such a lem?lem?i h fights of cut
t dnt seed
l b t tiannual but over time, nnial.
then all you need is a yce herbicide.
a, a postemergence sary for control
• Nature doesn’t like ba
• turf surfaces are pere
• Mechanical traffic, fooweeds and diseasesweeds, and diseases
• New plants establishNew plants establish
• Existing plants spreadExisting plants spread
are ground
ennial
ot traffic, divots, insects,all lead to voids all lead to voids
from seedfrom seed
d vegetativelyd vegetatively
New Athl
• The delay (5-6 relath ti !happy time!
• Poa seed can comePoa seed can comefrom shoes, equipm
• concentrated at the
• transient, seeds via
• survivors bred bette
etic Field
tively Poa-free years); th
e in sod seed or traffice in sod, seed, or traffic ment, etc.
surface
ble <6 years
er survivors
Poa controPoa contro
• Cultural
• Mechanical
• Biological
• Chemical
l strategiesl strategiesgg
Cultural P
• Returning clippings = g pp gPoa overseeding
• Fertility
• Irrigation
• Cultivation - Voids are an invitation to Poa!
Practices
Poa ControPoa ControBiologicaBiologica
o is a bacterium at infects only Poa.Not sufficiently rulent for reliable ontrolontrol.
l Strategiesl Strategiesal Controlal Control
Poa ControPoa ControBiologicaBiologicaBiologicaBiologica
•Use naturally sele–Summer patch blbluegrass weevattack Poa but nattack Poa but n
•Disruptive; Pest c•Disruptive; Pest cnot you!
l Strategiesl Strategiesal Controlal Controlal Controlal Control
ective pestsor the annual il ifi llil specifically
not bentgrassnot bentgrass. controls the timingcontrols the timing
Poa ControPoa ControM h iM h iMechanicaMechanica
H d lHand removal
–Still has place particu–Still has place, particu
•Cut out by hand or pCut out by hand or p
•Effective on new fie
Roundup dauber
Collecting clippings?
l Strategies l Strategies l C t ll C t lal Controlal Control
ularly on putting greensularly on putting greens.
pluggingplugging
elds with little Poa
Poa ControPoa ControChemicaChemicaChemicaChemica
•Preemergence•Postemergenceg•traumatic contrtraumatic contr•non-traumatic cnon traumatic c
•FumigationFumigation
l Strategiesl Strategiesal Controlal Controlal Controlal Control
rolrolcontrolcontrol
Poa ControPoa ControChemicaChemicaChemicaChemica
eemergenceA forgotten strategymportant in athleticmportant in athletic C h tCan enhance posteut ineffective without ineffective withoartners.Overseeding needs
l Strategiesl Strategiesal Controlal Controlal Controlal Control
y, but can be fieldsfields
emergence prograout postemergenceout postemergence
s makes this appro
Poa ControPoa ControChemicaChemicaChemicaChemica
ostemergencel f–control of grasses
difficultdifficult– Effective postemEffective postemare necessary for yannua control
l Strategiesl Strategiesal Controlal Controlal Controlal Control
i is in grasses is very
mergence herbicidemergence herbicidelong-term Poa g
Poa ControPoa ControChemicaChemicaChemicaChemica
•P t•PostemergenceC lt l & i–Cultural & envi
affect controlaffect control•i e mowing hei.e. mowing herainfall, soil mo
-Development ofresistance is a c
l Strategiesl Strategiesal Controlal Controlal Controlal Control
t l f tronmental factors
eight temperatureeight, temperatureoisturef herbicide concern!
Poa ControPoa ControChemicaChemicaChemicaChemica•Fumigation/Soil sFumigation/Soil s
–Renovation onlRenovation onl–Reduces but dReduces, but dthe soil seed ba
–Can give a cleagis still present
–Expensive, longff ti ?
l Strategiesl Strategiesal Controlal Controlal Controlal Controlsterilizationsterilizationlyly
does not eliminatedoes not eliminate,ankan start, but seed ,
g-term
PreemergePreemergegg
•When to apply?
–In general, if you onlthapply in the late sum
between August 1 anbetween August 1 andepending on locatio
–If desired a second ain the spring betweein the spring, betwee
ence timingence timinggg
ly make one applicationmmer, somewhere nd September 10nd September 10, on.
application can be madeen April 1 and May 1en April 1 and May 1.
RecommendaRecommendaControl in Control in
more effectivemore effective
enefin, dithiopyr,enefin, dithiopyr,, py ,, py ,
rodiaminerodiamine
enefin+trifluralinenefin+trifluralin
endimethalin,endimethalin,
lid dilid diensulide, oxadiazonensulide, oxadiazon
ations for ations for PoaPoaBluegrassBluegrassmore safetymore safetyyy
bensulidebensulidebensulidebensulidebenefinbenefin
benefin+trifluralinbenefin+trifluralinpendimethalinpendimethalinpp
dithiopyrdithiopyrprodiamineprodiamineprodiamineprodiamine
oxadiazonoxadiazon
PreemergenPreemergenof Poa of Poa T t tTreatment
Control
Pre-M 60 WDG @ 3.0 lb
Ronstar 2G @ 3.0 lbs a
Team 2 G @ 3.0 lbs ai
Betasan 4E @ 12 lbs a
nce Control nce Control annuaannuaAug Aug AuAug
93Aug 96
Au98
4 21 27
ai/A 4 22 35
ai/A 7 24 31
/A 1 19 27
ai/A 5 14 22
PreemergenPreemergenof Poa of Poa Treatment
Control
Dimension 1 EC @ 0.5 lb
Barricade 65 DG @.65lb
Balan 2.5 G @ 2.0 lbs a
rograss 1.5 EC @ 0.75 lbs fall apps
nce Control nce Control Aug Aug Au
annuaannuaAug 93
Aug 96
Au98
4 21 27
b ai/A 5 20 17
bai/A 1 11 12
ai/A 6 13 11
ai/A x 4 5 5 4
PreemeSummSumm•I want to think thI want to think th
strategy in certagy•However, data s,
different story•Not a centerpiec
strategy; but maf ll ifollowing a succprogram
ergence marymaryhis is an effectivehis is an effective in situations.
shows a little
ce of Poa control aybe helpful
f l tessful post
PostemergePostemergePostemergePostemergeTraumatic versus non-tr
–We’re talking trauma tthe grass!g
The PGRs, paclobutrazochemical options for non
These products graduallinfestations when used rgrowing season.
ence Controence Controence Controence Controaumatic control
to the field manager not
ol and flurprimidol, are n-traumatic control.
ly reduce Poa annua regularly during the g y g
PGRs forPGRs forBluegrasBluegras
FieFie
r Kentuckyr Kentucky ss Athleticss Athletic eldselds
Poa encroaPoa encroaKKKK
Treatment Rate fl oz/ATreatment Rate, fl oz/A
Control
TE @ 26
TE @ 26 fb PB @ 16TE @ 26 fb PB @ 16
TE @ 44
PB @ 16
PB @ 16 fb 24
LSD (P=0 05)
chment intochment intoKBKBKBKB
% Poa Cover% Poa Cover
--- 9 Oct 2006 ---
24
10
44
6
10
5
9
Effects of PBEffects of PBi KBGi KBGin a KBGin a KBG
+ PGR
B on Ball LieB on Ball LieG F iG F iG FairwayG Fairway
- PGR
PGRs on A
• PGRs increase turf devoids and openings invoids and openings in
• Key is to have a modKey is to have a modregulation and stop a
l i b iplaying season begin
Athletic Turf
ensity, which reduces n turf less Poan turf →less Poa
erate level of growtherate level of growth pplications right before
ns.
HerbicideConCon
• ethofumesate (Prograethofumesate (Progra
• bis-pyribac ethyl (Velobis pyribac ethyl (Velo
• mesotrione (Tenacity( y
• amicarbazone (Xoner
• Available in spring
es for Poa ntrolntrolass™)ass™)
ocity™)ocity )
y™)y )
rate™)
g 2012
Ethofum
• Current label
• “Fall applications tocontrol annual bluegcontrol annual bluegif application is initiamaximum weed gerclose to the first killic ose to t e stSpring applications the period of maximthe period of maxim
mesate
turfgrass sites to grass are most effectivegrass are most effectiveated during the period ofrmination and ended as ng freeze as possible. g ee e as poss b emay be made during
mum weed germination ”mum weed germination.
Ethofumes• Very cultivar dependen
• Tolerant cultivars
• M li ht A i S• Moonlight, America, S
• Sensitive cultivars• Sensitive cultivars
• Northstar Total EclipNorthstar, Total Eclip
• Example programExample program
• Initiate 1-Aug, 1.5 fl og
• Better success with tw
sate : KBGnt
SR2109 d Ab l tSR2109, and Absolute
psepse
oz/M, 7-d int., 4 apps
wo apps @ 3-4 fl oz/M,
Ethofumes
• Marginal control
• Safety an issue on KBPRGPRG
• Not enough safety &Not enough safety &
sate Notes
BG but very safe on
efficacy to warrant useefficacy to warrant use
Bis-pyribapy• Injurious to KBG safe• Injurious to KBG, safe
• Good control but willGood control, but willcultivars and kill some
• Might be useful on oucan wait for the turf tocan wait for the turf to
• Application ratesApplication rates
• 10 gms ai/A (2 oz p0 g s a / ( o p
• 30 gms ai/A (6 oz p
ac Sodiume on PRGe on PRG
severely injure most KB severely injure most KBe KBG cultivars
ut-of-play areas where yo recovero recover.
rod/A) weekly for 6 weeod/ ) ee y o 6 ee
rod/A) two apps on 10-1
MesotrionControl inControl in
BlBlueg
ne for Poa KentuckyKentucky
grass
TenaAKA mesAKA mes• A bleaching herbicA bleaching herbic
turn white - can be
• Safe when appliedK t k blKentucky bluegrascontrol than Sidurocontrol than Siduro
• Use rates 5-8 oz/AUse ates 5 8 o /a seasonal maximi/A)ai/A)
• N t l b l d f AB
acitysotrionesotrionecide susceptible plantcide, susceptible plante jarring.
d at the time of seedinid b ttss - provides better we
on.on.
A ( 0.16-0.25 lbs ai/A) ( 0 6 0 5 bs a / )um of 16 oz/A (0.5 lbs
BG t l h t t
TenacityTreaTrea
nacity Total 5/6/09 7/2yt (oz/A) apps 5/6/09 9
% P---------% P
MWF 10 86 9
, MTh 10 85 7
, MTh 5 80 9
2, M 5 57 4
y Resultsatments Initiated on:atments Initiated on:
24/0 5/3/10 6/7/10 7/5/19 5/3/10 6/7/10 7/5/1
Poa annua ControlPoa annua Control---------
93 40 97 92
78 75 100 92
97 0 76 90
41 15 43 92
Notes on M
• Low rates, frequenLow rates, frequenbest, kinda like an
• The hotter the temth h bi id l tithe herbicidal activ
• Under hotter cond• Under hotter condto get controlg
Mesotrione
nt applications worknt applications work IV for the turf!
mperatures, the better itvity
itions need less appsitions, need less apps
2011 Resmesotmesot
• Spray volumep y
• Adjuvantsj
• Nitrogen fertility 40 Gg y
search on trionetrione
20 GPAGPA
Fertilmesomeso
lity on yotrioneotrione
Adjuvanmesotmesot
• Adjuvant trials done during warm weather ggave excellent control regardless of adjuvant.g j
• Stick with NIS at 0.25% v/v for now
• Adding 2.5% v/v UAN significantly increased g ycontrol.
nts with trionetrione
RecommeApply 1 5 lbs N/M asApply 1.5 lbs N/M asor within 7 days of sty
Spray volume of 20 G
Use a non-ionic surfaand UAN (28 % N) a
Apply 3.2 oz prod/A
For maximum Poa cprod/A 10 times 3x/wprod/A 10 times 3x/wnecessary).
endationss urea at initial applicas urea at initial applicatarting. g
GPA
actant (NIS) at 0.25 %at 2.5 % v/v
5 times 2x/week.
ontrol, apply 1.6 oz week (should not beweek (should not be
Notes on M• Remember death• Remember, death
• Works best with hiWorks best with hi
• Once bleachedOnce bleached, to rapid kill
• Fall applications ceven though much
•• Mesotrione is raplantsplants
• and you may n
Mesotrioneon bentgrass! on bentgrass!
igh temperaturesigh temperatures
high temperatures leahigh temperatures lea
an also be effective, h cooler
pidly metabolized by
not need this
PotentiaChanChan• Amicarbazone (XoAmicarbazone (Xo
herbicide developeLifeSciences
•• to receive EPA labof 2012of 2012
• PS II inhibitor thatPS II inhibitor that marginal safety on
• PS II inhibitors havi t i
al Game ngernger
onerate™) - newonerate ) - new ed by Arysta
bel in the first quarter
controls Poa withcontrols Poa with Kentucky bluegrass.
ve been shown to
4 + 0.25 oTenacity p
4 + 0.50 oz/A X2 Tenacity plus AmiTenacity plus Ami
oz/A X2 lus Ami
AmicarbMes
4 +Just started testing this combination this
4 +
this combination this fall
Better safety, fewer applications lower useapplications, lower use rates
This will be our focus in 2012in 2012.
bazonesotrione + Amicarbazo+ 0 5 oz prod/A 2 app+ 0.5 oz prod/A 2 app
Poa controTTu
Mesotrione has bestMesotrione has best safety combined with high levels of controllevels of control
Mesotrione +Mesotrione + amicarbazone appears to be superior - more workbe superior more work needed
Questions with PRG safetysafety
Effective postemergence
ol in Sports rfurf
Thank
• Questions?
k you!y
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