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POLED SOL-GEL MATERIALS DOPED WITH PUSH-PULL CHROMOPHORES: NMP1-FP6 project
The aim of the ODEON project is the development of innovative multifunctional nano-materials for optoelectronic devices. The research has been carried out by design, synthesis and fabrication of a demonstrator of an interferometric electro-optical modulator (Mach-Zender).
Giovanna Brusatin, Gioia Della Giustina, Massimo GuglielmiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering– Materials Sector, University of PadovaMauro Casalboni, Fabio De MatteisDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata“Massimiliano Dispenza, Anna Maria Fiorello, Mauro VarasiSELEX S.I., Roma - Finmeccanica – RomaSigurd Schrader, Bernd GrimmUniversity of Applied Sciences Wildau Engineering Physics Wildau
Control Voltage Vc
Electro-optic waveguide
Optical data pulses
Constant light input
Push-Pull Chromophores: Molecular hyperpolarizability (induced dipole moment by an external electric field) p=E+EE+EEE+…
Random orientation: cancellation of single contribution χ(2) = 0
Doping of hybrids sol-gel or polymer matrices
Electro-Optical modulator: Oriented NL push pull organic dyes in hybrids sol-gel or polymer matrices
Electric poling: the isolated molecule properties are transferred to the macroscopic materials
Oriented dipoles: single contributions added as vectors χ(2)
≠ 0
Electro-optic waveguide
Optical data pulses
light input
Control Voltage Vc
Lithographic process of active films: channel waveguides
Chromophores, Sol-gel precursors and Hybrid sol gel doped films
Chromophore: UAS HD-02
N
NO2N
N
CH3
O
O
N
OH
Spacer: CbOH
-The codoping with N-hydroxyethylcarbazole, CbOH, as physical spacer avoids dye aggregation-The covalent link of the chromophore by the epoxy-amino coupling reaction.
Epoxy-amino coupling reaction
N
NO2N
N
CH3
O
O
Sol gel process
Films processes: Pretreatment and Poling
SH signal
Laser input
Horizontal corona poling at high T (~300°C); In situ SHG measure= 1368nm or 1600nm
Example of NL coefficient measure and of the time stability of chromophore orientation in sol
gel matrices; d33 ~ 11pm/V
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1600.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
no
rmal
ized
d33
time (days)
Films processes: Pretreatment and Poling
300 400 500 600 700 8000.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
before baking before poling-after baking
2h 90°C under vacuum after poling
2h 90°C + 2h 120°C 6kV in N
2
ab
so
rba
nc
e
wavelength (nm)
Monitoring of the UAS HD-02 UV-vis absorption during thermal treatment in vacuum and poling in N2- absorption remains intense at 120°C and after poling- CbOH is partially removed during the prebaking in vacuum and is totally removed after poling- under the electric field the inorganic crosslinking is completed- the thermal treatment produce a further organic condensation between epoxy and amine- the presence of amine determine basic catalysis of the sol and protection against photobleaching
90°C + 120°C 4h 90°C + 120°C 4h ++
PolingPoling
Large time stability of cromophoresorientation
Lithographic process for a Y-shaped waveguide
SEM microscopy images of a Y-branched waveguide patterned by traditional lithographic process (using RIE) on doped sol gel films
Light injection and light confinement by an Y-shaped optical fiber produced by direct patterning
Electro-optic waveguide
Optical data pulses
light input
Control Voltage Vc
SOL-GEL NL FILM SOL-GEL NL FILM
ODEON PARTNERSINS: INSTM – FirenzeUniversity of Padova, Department of Engineering and Chemistry, Giovanna Brusatin, Massimo Guglielmi, Danilo Pedron, Renato BozioUniversity of Milano Bicocca: Giorgio A. Pagani, Alessandro Abbotto, Luca BeverinaUniversity of Napoli, Department of Chemistry, Antonio Roviello, Roberto CentoreC.N.R. of Firenze, IFAC – Applied Physics Institute: Emilia Giorgetti, Stefano SottiniUniversity of Sassari, Department of Architecture and Planning, Plinio InnocenziUTV: NeMO - Dip. di Fisica Università di Roma – Tor Vergata, Mauro CasalboniENS: ENS Lyon, Chantal AndrauENG: CNRS and University of Strasbourg, Alain Fort UHA: Hamburg University Department of Chemistry Martin-Luther, Jürgen HeckUKA: Physikalische Chemie Universitaet Kaiserslautern, Hans-Georg Kuball, Graziano ArchettiUAS: University of Applied Sciences Wildau Engineering Physics , Sigurd SchraderAMS: SELEX, Alenia Marconi Systems, Annamaria Fiorello, Massimiliano Dispenza, Mauro VarasiWEI: Weizmann Institute of Science, Dep. of Organic Chemistry, Israel M. E. van der Boom CEA: CEA-SACLAY DRT-LITEN DTS/CS, Lionel Sicot, Dr. Pierre-Alain Chollet ULP: IPCMS-GONLO Alain FortKTH: Theoretical Chemistry Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm , Hans Agren
POLED SOL-GEL MATERIALS DOPED WITH PUSH-PULL CHROMOPHORES: NMP1-FP6 project
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