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AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL
Post Fukushima Activities
at AECL
Stephen J. Bushby
Atomic Energy of Canada Limited
Chalk River Laboratories, Ontario, Canada
2014 October 29
Outline
1. Challenges Faced by AECL post Fukushima
2. Phase 2 of AECL Restructuring – The Nuclear
Laboratories
3. Technical Support System within AECL
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 2
Gentilly 1
Manitoba
Ontario
Quebec
New
Brunswick
PROTECTED - SENSITIVE / PROTÉGÉ - DÉLICAT
AECL’s Canadian Footprint
Chalk River
Laboratories
Whiteshell
Laboratories
Douglas
Point
NPD
Port Hope /
Gransby
Glace
Bay
LaPrade
NPD = Nuclear Power Demonstration
Gentilly 1
Chalk River Laboratories
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 4
• 3700 Hectares
•Largest nuclear S&T
organization in Canada
• ~2700 staff
•Waste Management Areas
•Research facilities, including two
test reactors: Zed-2 and NRU
National Research Universal (NRU)
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 5
• In-service date: 1957
•135 MWth, 227 vertical lattice
sites
•Isotope production; experimental
loops; Neutron Beam Centre
• Safety system upgrades
• Integrated Safety Review in 2011
• In Fukushima-like event, single
largest source term at CRL
•Key differences in SA progression
between NRU and CANDU NPPs
Post-Fukushima Activities (1)
Enhance Emergency Response Capability
• Portable pumping equipment to supplement Qualified
Emergency Water System (QEWS)
• Portable DGs
• New earth-moving equipment
• Enhanced fire-fighting capability
• Supplemental equipment to support
loss of power in the Emergency Operating Centre
• Centralized storage facility
• Equipment to enhance SAMG effectiveness; e.g. new
power tie-ins, water-injection ports
• Identified responsibilities in the Canadian “Federal
Nuclear Emergency Plan” (FNEP)
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 6
Post-Fukushima Activities (2)
Severe Accident Management Program
• SAMP includes a number of activities building on reviews
and benchmarks
• Re-assessed earthquake, prolonged lost of power, and
flood mitigation readiness
• Stress testing on earthquake, flood, tornado, external fire,
aircraft
• SAMGs under development based on Westinghouse
Owners Group framework
–Outlines multiple methods to restore and retain core cooling,
emergency power, confinement integrity etc.
–Consists of control room guides, severe accident exit guides, and
diagnostic flow chart and computational aids
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 7
AECL Restructuring – 2 Phases
• Phase 1: Completed November 2011 with divestiture of AECL’s CANDU
Reactor Division to SNC Lavalin (CanduEnergy)
• Phase 2: AECL’s existing labs will be operated under Government-
Owned Contractor-Operated (GoCo) model
– Procurement underway; targeted completion date: October 2015
– Future governance for the lab closely parallels the UK model
– AECL will be a much smaller Crown Corporation (~50 people) that
oversees the GoCo contract (similar to the role performed by the UK
Nuclear Decommissioning Authority)
– Majority of the current staff (~3400 people) will be transferred to a “Site
Operating Company” (e.g. Sellafield) called:
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 8
Canadian Nuclear Laboratories
Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL)
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 9
• As of 2014 November 3, everything that has traditionally been associated
with AECL will be performed by the Canadian Nuclear Laboratories
•Procurement will end October 2015 when control of CNL (the
“share”) is transferred to the successful GoCo contractor, and the
new AECL is fully operational
•CNL will become a wholly-owned
subsidiary of AECL
•Licences transferred
Firstname.Lastname@cnl.ca
Defined Missions for CNL
1. Support government in its obligation to manage historic and
legacy liabilities
2. Provide nuclear science and technology capabilities and
services to federal government departments
3. Support the nuclear industry’s need for Commercial R&D
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
One Potential Mission:
4. Implement an industry-driven, cost-shared nuclear innovation
agenda
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 10
Technical Support System
within AECL
• Within Canada
–Close collaboration through an industry association called
CANDU Owners Group (COG); brings together expertise
from utilities, other Canadian nuclear S&T organizations
– Greater collaboration/interactions in future with other federal
departments; e.g. Health Canada, Canadian Border Security,
Environment Canada, CNSC
• Outside Canada
–Collaborative
– e.g. IAEA, CSNI, IRSN, Gen IV, etc.
–Suppliers
– e.g. Halden, NITI, Saclay, etc
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 11
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 12
Tube sheet boundaries must
be preserved
In-vessel Retention Phenomena
Conducted heat to the calandria vault
water cannot exceed the CV CHF
Crust/CV wall
interaction
•Does stratification occur?
•RASPLAV and MASCA very informative, but melt composition
for PHWR and LWR different
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 13
Equilibrium CANDU Corium Tests
• Test ingots prepared and
inspected at NITI
• No evidence of stratification
UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 14
GRAPE - Joint Activity with the CNSC
GRaphical Animation Package Extension – interactive interface to
MAAP-CANDU
UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 15
GRAPE – Core and Calandria Behaviour
UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ 16
GRAPE – Core, Side View
Managing Capabilities –
Centres of Excellence
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 17
Nuclear & Radioactive Materials Management
Irradiation & Post-Irradiation Services
Nuclear Safety, Security & Risk Management
Radiation Biology, Radioecology & Dosimetry
Materials & Chemistry in Nuclear Applications
Advanced Nuclear Fuel & Fuel Cycles
Systems Engineering
Hydrogen & Hydrogen Isotope Management
Advanced Computing, Modeling & Simulation
Environmental Remediation and Nuclear Waste Management
• People, Facilities, Key Suppliers, Collaborations
Summary
• Post-Fukushima activities are well-defined and good
progress is being made
• The restructuring of the Laboratories provides an S&T
mandate for the AECL/CNL in the future
• Restructuring provides an opportunity for explicitly
strengthening cooperation/collaboration on TSO-
activities, particularly with the Canadian regulator
• International collaboration will continue to be
imperative, but uniqueness of the CANDU design
requires a strong enduring capacity within Canada
• Centres of Excellence are a good vehicle for framing
and maintaining capabilities within CNL
AECL - OFFICIAL USE ONLY / À USAGE EXCLUSIF - EACL 18
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