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POWER BLOCKS
David FiedeldeyMichael BadaraccaPeter BrehmMicahl KeltnerTenzin Choephak
• Reduce phantom loads Purpose
• Power strip turns off selected outlets when you are not home
Project
• Power Strip• Base Station• Home Presence Sensors
Elements
Project Overview
Michael Badaracca
David Fiedeldey
Fallback Functionality
David Fiedeldey
• Power strip: • Primary block of 4 outlets plus a modular block of 2
outlets controllable from base station. • Current measurements are recorded, processed, and
sent back to a base station wirelessly.
◦ Base station: Working LCD interface capable of controlling individual
outlets wirelessly. Reports basic power consumption information.
◦ Sensors: Physical connection between sensors and base station.
Expected Functionality
David Fiedeldey
◦ Power strip: Add a second modular block of 2 outlets with
added variable voltage functionality.
◦ Base station: Long term power usage statistics available to
users in an improved LCD interface. Potentially presenting data in graphical form as well.
◦ Sensors: Wireless connection between sensors and
base station.
Advanced Functionality
David Fiedeldey
◦ Power strip: Up to 12 total outlets (4 modular blocks max.) including a
variable voltage block. A “sync” button to give visual confirmation of wireless
connectivity. Seven-segment display on the strip that shows present power
consumption.
◦ Base station: Internet connectivity with a web interface for controlling
the strip. Alternatively a smartphone app.
◦ Sensors: Multiple sets of motion and photo sensors communicating with
the base station.
Milestone 1
David Fiedeldey
◦ Power strip: Wirelessly receive outlet enable commands for the primary block on the strip (no modular blocks)
◦ Base station: Wirelessly send outlet enable commands to the primary block on the strip. User interface will involve LEDs and buttons. Receives input from hardwired sensors and turns LEDs on/off
◦ Sensors: Hardwire deadbolt and motion/light sensors to base station.
Milestone 2
David Fiedeldey
◦ Power strip: Incorporate a removable, modular power block. Process and send current data
◦ Base station: LCD interface with working software menu and buttons. Wirelessly receive sensor data and interpret it into commands to power strip.
◦ Sensors: Wireless deadbolt and motion/light sensors
Expo
David Fiedeldey
◦ Power strip: Multiple modular blocks. A dimmer modular block. Wireless sync function
◦ Base station: User can input preferences and schedule for HPS algorithm. Receives data from multiple motion/light sensors
◦ Sensors: Multiple wireless deadbolt and motion/light sensors
Current Budget
Part Quantity Needed
Price
Relays 12 2.64Current Sensors 12 2.91
Dimmers 2 16
Light/Motion Sensors 2 25
MSP430’s 2 20
Xbee’s 2 10
Linx TRM433 3 17.5
LCD 1 50
General X 100
PCB’s X 250
Demo Materials X 250
Shipping X 50
David FiedeldeyTotal 961.1
Updated Division of Labor
David Fiedeldey
Peter
• Hardware: Power Supplies, Base Station PCB• Software: LCD Driver, Xbee Driver, External Memory Interface
Mike K.
• Hardware: Strip Sensor, Strip Power, Strip PCB, HPS Sensors, Enclosures
• Software: HPS Lookup Table, Current Data Processing
Mike B.
• Hardware: Home Presence Sensors, Xbee, Linx TRM433, Enclosures • Software: Linx driver, HPS Lookup Table, Sensor/Button Interrupts
David
• Hardware: Power Supplies, Strip PCB, IO Expander • Software: Base Station Interface, IO Expander
Tenzin
• Hardware: Xbee, Linx TRM433, Base Station PCB • Software: LCD Driver, Xbee driver
Gant Schedule/Desired Timeline
David Fiedeldey
Home Presence Sensing
Michael Badaracca
- HPS detects if a house is occupied or not- User configurable algorithm- Minimal user interaction after setup- Sensors can be easily installed in any home
Home Presence Sensing Overview
Michael Badaracca
Transceiver Transcoder
Small: 0.619”x0.630”x0.125” Low Power: 2.1 V Min Simple – CPCA modulation
Small – 0.309” x 0.284”x0.125” Low Power: 2 V Min Simple – 8 GPIO pins allow easy
interfacing with processor
Wireless Components
Michael Badaracca
General Sensor Circuit
Michael Badaracca
Deadbolt Sensor
- Detects if deadbolt is locked- Easy installation into doors- Replaceable 3V battery- LED indicator
Michael Badaracca
Motion Sensor/Light
- Detects human motion (PIR)- Detects light above or below
threshold- Replaceable 3V battery- LED indicator
sZEPIR0AAS01SBCG
Michael Badaracca
Home Presence Sensing Algorithm
Michael Badaracca
Base Station/Software
Michael Badaracca
Base Station: Level Zero
MSP430F169
Requires 5v DC
Multiple 3.3v Output
Integrated UART
MSP430F169
Buttons
Linx
Timer
X-Bee (Data)
LCD (SPI)
X-Bee (Commands)
5v DC Power
Peter Brehm
User Interface
LCD
• Crystalfontz CFA-634• 120 x 32 pixel resolution• Requires 5v DC• Communicates using SPI• MSP430 is the master and LCD is the slave.
Buttons
• Number pad, Select, up/down, and Back• Text Based Navigation of the Menu
Peter Brehm
The Menu Screen
Peter Brehm
Base Station Software/Interrupts
Main function drives the LCD Interrupts
◦ 1st Timer Timer Register Overflow increments global timer variable to keep
track of the schedule and the time.◦ 2nd Buttons
Directly hardwired to I/O pins on the MSP430◦ 3rd Linx Communication
Sensor input◦ 4th X-Bee communication
Data from the strip After each interrupt the Base Station will check the
state table, and if necessary send commands to the strip.
Peter Brehm
Trends, Profiles and Memory
Power readings of each outlet are saved and averaged every fifteen minutes.
Plotted for the power consumption trends option.
Additional external memory chip ◦ EEPROM
Non Volatile Memory Past Power Consumption Data
Peter Brehm
Strip Software Functionality
Regular interval timer interrupt Checks ADCs from all outlets Converts the Signal to packet form Sends data to the Base station via X-Bee Repeat
MSP430F169Timer
X-Bee (Commands)
Relay Control
X-Bee (Data)
120 v AC Power
Current Sensors
Peter Brehm
Strip Interrupts
1st Commands from the Base Station◦ Output Multiplier◦ Control individual outlet relays
2nd Timer Flag Registers◦ To accurately keep track of regular intervals
Peter Brehm
Power Strip
Micahl Keltner
Primary Block
Major Features
• Processor (MSP430)
• 4 Outlets• 4 Current
Meters
Inputs
• XBee/MSP430 Base Station
• Wall 120VAC• Comm. Override
Outputs
• 4x Current Sensor Vout
• 120V AC x4 On/Off
Micahl Keltner
Extension Blocks
Micahl Keltner
Variable Voltage Blocks
Dimmer Operation• Chops up the sine wave, twice per cycle, off/on 120times a second• The variable resistance controls gate voltage, determines duty cycle
for off. • Inductor and C1 act as a filter, storing charge , reducing the
“buzzing” effect
Micahl Keltner
Connections/Control
• 120VAC +/-, Earth GND, GND, 5VDC, Short, NxVsensor, NxCOM, Res. Line (6+2N total)
Total Lines – N Outlets
Micahl Keltner
I/O Expander•SCL – Baud rate to match data busClock
•SDA – Byte segments; sets a read/write operation, device address, etcData Bus
•Determine a write or read (8 bits)•What port being written/read (8 bits)•Data sent or received (8 bits)
Order of Operations
Micahl Keltner
Power Monitoring
2.5 2.505 2.51 2.515 2.52 2.5250
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0
0.041
0.0830000000000001
0.126
0.171
0.214f(x) = 10.9177667224903 x − 27.3367011747608
Vout vs Iload
Vout vs ILinear (Vout vs I)
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.250
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
f(x) = − 14.6147265245809 x + 3.32490840762976
Measured Power %Error
Series1Linear (Series1)
% Error Measured vs. Real
Pow
er
(Watt
s)
Allegro Microsystems• 10A Range Sensing• 1250V Isolation• Linear Behavior
The Big Picture
Micahl Keltner
Communications
Tenzin Choephak
XBee wireless interface
Tenzin Choephak
• Current meter will relay current data to the on board msp430 for display.
Current
• Average current usage over hour, day and month.
Average Current
• Average power consumption reading for hour, day and month.
Power consumption
Data collected/computed
Tenzin Choephak
UART Data Packet/Encoding
Command packets from base station to strip
Strip data packets from strip to base station
24 bit Data packet will consist of three 8 bit sub-packets
Packets are encoded depending on if it’s a command packet or strip data packets
Tenzin Choephak
Data Packet/encoding cont
16 bit example packet from base station to strip:
24 bit data packet from strip to base station example:
Strip ID(4)
Outlet ID(7)
Cmd ID(4)
Other(2)
Ack & Checksum(2-3)
Strip ID(4)
Block ID(4)
Data(14)
Ack & Checksum(2)
Tenzin Choephak
24
24
Schematic
Dout
Din/CONFIG
Dout_EN
RESET
PWM0/RSSI
Reserved
Reserved
SLEEP
GND
Vcc
AD0/DIO0
AD1/DIO1
AD2/DIO2
AD3/DIO3
RTS/AD6/DIO6
Assoc_Ind/AD5/DIO5
VREF
ON/SLEEP
CTS/DIO7
RF_TX/AD4/DIO4
XBee Module
XBee RF
GND
VCC
GND
VCC
UART_IN
UART_OUT
VCC
GND
*B
Component_1
Tenzin Choephak
Few challenges ◦ XBee too big for deadbolt sensor◦ Not enough I/O on board for strip◦ May not have enough on board memory
State of Progress◦ Have simple initial test design working with
button on dev board controlling the relays◦ XBees settings programmed and tested working ◦ Begun programming the MSP430
Conclusion
Tenzin Choephak
Display deadbolt sensor controlling a relay through the MSP430
Demo/Question?
Tenzin Choephak
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