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Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Power System Protection
S.A.Soman
Department of Electrical EngineeringIIT Bombay
Power System Protection
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
1 Overcurrent ProtectionPrincipleDirectional Overcurrent Protection
2 Distance ProtectionPrinciple
3 Differential ProtectionPrincipleFor Transmission LinesFor Tapped LinesFor TransformersFor Busbars
4 Summary
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
1 Overcurrent ProtectionPrincipleDirectional Overcurrent Protection
2 Distance ProtectionPrinciple
3 Differential ProtectionPrincipleFor Transmission LinesFor Tapped LinesFor TransformersFor Busbars
4 Summary
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Principle of Overcurrent Protection
When the current in a system exceeds a predeterminedvalue, it indicates the presence of a fault.
Relaying decision is based solely on the magnitude ofcurrent.
Used in radial distribution systems.
Overcurrent relaying and fuse protection uses thisprinciple.
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
1 Overcurrent ProtectionPrincipleDirectional Overcurrent Protection
2 Distance ProtectionPrinciple
3 Differential ProtectionPrincipleFor Transmission LinesFor Tapped LinesFor TransformersFor Busbars
4 Summary
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Directional Overcurrent Protection
Uses both magnitude of current and phase angleinformation for decision making.
Used in radial distribution systems with source at bothends.
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
1 Overcurrent ProtectionPrincipleDirectional Overcurrent Protection
2 Distance ProtectionPrinciple
3 Differential ProtectionPrincipleFor Transmission LinesFor Tapped LinesFor TransformersFor Busbars
4 Summary
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Distance Protection
The basic principle is that the apparent impedanceseen by the relay reduces drastically in case of linefault.If the ratio of apparent impedance to the positivesequence impedance is less than unity, it indicates afault.This protection scheme is inherently directional.Impedance relay and Mho relay use this principle.
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
1 Overcurrent ProtectionPrincipleDirectional Overcurrent Protection
2 Distance ProtectionPrinciple
3 Differential ProtectionPrincipleFor Transmission LinesFor Tapped LinesFor TransformersFor Busbars
4 Summary
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Principle of Differential Protection
It is based on the fact that any fault within an electricalequipment would cause the current entering it to bedifferent from the current leaving it.
By comparing the two currents either in magnitude or inphase or in both, fault can be determined.
It is an attractive option if both the ends of theapparatus are located near each other.
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Principle of Differential Protection
It is based on the fact that any fault within an electricalequipment would cause the current entering it to bedifferent from the current leaving it.
By comparing the two currents either in magnitude or inphase or in both, fault can be determined.
It is an attractive option if both the ends of theapparatus are located near each other.
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Principle of Differential Protection
It is based on the fact that any fault within an electricalequipment would cause the current entering it to bedifferent from the current leaving it.
By comparing the two currents either in magnitude or inphase or in both, fault can be determined.
It is an attractive option if both the ends of theapparatus are located near each other.
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
1 Overcurrent ProtectionPrincipleDirectional Overcurrent Protection
2 Distance ProtectionPrinciple
3 Differential ProtectionPrincipleFor Transmission LinesFor Tapped LinesFor TransformersFor Busbars
4 Summary
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Differential Protection for Transmission Lines
Its implementation requires a communication channel.It is extremely accurate.Its zone is demarkated by CTs.
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
1 Overcurrent ProtectionPrincipleDirectional Overcurrent Protection
2 Distance ProtectionPrinciple
3 Differential ProtectionPrincipleFor Transmission LinesFor Tapped LinesFor TransformersFor Busbars
4 Summary
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Differential Protection for Tapped Line
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
1 Overcurrent ProtectionPrincipleDirectional Overcurrent Protection
2 Distance ProtectionPrinciple
3 Differential ProtectionPrincipleFor Transmission LinesFor Tapped LinesFor TransformersFor Busbars
4 Summary
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Differential Protection for TransformerCTs are selected in such a way that under normalconditions the scaled CT currents will match inmagnitude.Under fault condition, differential current will flowthrough the overcurrent relay.Overcurrent relay pick up is set above the no loadcurrent value.
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
1 Overcurrent ProtectionPrincipleDirectional Overcurrent Protection
2 Distance ProtectionPrinciple
3 Differential ProtectionPrincipleFor Transmission LinesFor Tapped LinesFor TransformersFor Busbars
4 Summary
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Differential protection for Busbar
If the fault is external the algebraic sum of the currentsentering the bus is zero.
If the fault is on the bus the sum is not zero.
Power SystemProtection
S.A.Soman
OvercurrentProtectionPrinciple
DirectionalOvercurrentProtection
DistanceProtectionPrinciple
DifferentialProtectionPrinciple
For TransmissionLines
For Tapped Lines
For Transformers
For Busbars
Summary
Protection Paradigms - Apparatus Protection
Summary
Basic Principle ofOvercurrent Protection.Directional Overcurrent Protection.Distance Protection.Differential Protection.
Applications of Apparatus Protection.
Recommended