PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 9 Positive Materials Identification Existing Material...

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Chapter 9Chapter 9Positive Materials IdentificationPositive Materials Identification

Existing Material Identifications • Identification Methods • Portable

Quantitative Analysis • Laboratory Quantitative Analysis

Existing Material Identifications • Identification Methods • Portable

Quantitative Analysis • Laboratory Quantitative Analysis

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Foundry marks are identification marks that are embossed on the exteriors of castings.

Foundry marks are identification marks that are embossed on the exteriors of castings.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Color coding allows easy and rapid identification of metals, but systems can vary by company and location.

Color coding allows easy and rapid identification of metals, but systems can vary by company and location.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Stock materials are often stencil-marked along their lengths for identification.

Stock materials are often stencil-marked along their lengths for identification.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Welding filler metals are identified by a standard AWS designation that is either stenciled or stamped directly onto the electrode or printed on a paper flag attached to the electrode.

Welding filler metals are identified by a standard AWS designation that is either stenciled or stamped directly onto the electrode or printed on a paper flag attached to the electrode.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Failure due to improper metal substitution outweighs the cost of implementing supplementary PMI programs.

Failure due to improper metal substitution outweighs the cost of implementing supplementary PMI programs.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Metals can be roughly identified and grouped by their characteristic colors.Metals can be roughly identified and grouped by their characteristic colors.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Many metals can be identified and grouped by their magnetic behavior.

Many metals can be identified and grouped by their magnetic behavior.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Coating thickness gauges identify unknown metals by comparing readings of unknown metals to readings of known reference metals.

Coating thickness gauges identify unknown metals by comparing readings of unknown metals to readings of known reference metals.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

A metal can be identified by measuring its density with an analytical balance.

A metal can be identified by measuring its density with an analytical balance.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Calculated densities can be used to place a metal in one of four groupings.

Calculated densities can be used to place a metal in one of four groupings.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Spark stream characteristics are compared to spark charts to identify unknown metals.

Spark stream characteristics are compared to spark charts to identify unknown metals.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Spark testing is most often performed on portable grinders, but stationary grinders may also be used.Spark testing is most often performed on portable grinders, but stationary grinders may also be used.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Characteristic features of spark streams include carrier lines, forks, bursts, and arrowheads.

Characteristic features of spark streams include carrier lines, forks, bursts, and arrowheads.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

The electrographic chemical spot test is the most common chemical spot test.

The electrographic chemical spot test is the most common chemical spot test.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Triboelectric sorting identifies unknown metals by measuring the voltage generated when two different metals are rubbed together.

Triboelectric sorting identifies unknown metals by measuring the voltage generated when two different metals are rubbed together.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Metallographic identification involves examining the microstructures of unknown metals to identify them. Specimen preparation requires grinding, polishing, and etching.

Metallographic identification involves examining the microstructures of unknown metals to identify them. Specimen preparation requires grinding, polishing, and etching.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Replication tape is used to produce a replica of an unknown metal when it is impractical to examine the original specimen.

Replication tape is used to produce a replica of an unknown metal when it is impractical to examine the original specimen.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

XRF analysis uses a detector that separates and identifies emitted X rays by either energy levels or energy wavelengths.

XRF analysis uses a detector that separates and identifies emitted X rays by either energy levels or energy wavelengths.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

Many EDXA instruments are portable, allowing quantitative field identification.

Many EDXA instruments are portable, allowing quantitative field identification.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

WDXA instrumentation is not very portable because of the size of the X-ray generator and its cooling system.

WDXA instrumentation is not very portable because of the size of the X-ray generator and its cooling system.

Chapter 9 — Positive Materials IdentificationChapter 9 — Positive Materials Identification

OES uses the light emitted from an unknown metal surface for identification.

OES uses the light emitted from an unknown metal surface for identification.