View
221
Download
1
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
What is Quality?Quality is never an accident, it is always a
result of intelligent effort. (John Ruskin, 19th century painter and art critic)
The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. (American Society for Quality)
Quality is free; it is non-quality that is expensive. (Phil Crosby)
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Quality Through Different AspectsUser Based
Quality “lies in the eyes of the beholder”Marketing and customer basedBetter performanceNicer features
Manufacturing BasedMeeting standardsMaking it right the first time
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Quality Through Different AspectsProduct Based
Quality is measurableQuality is determined by precise variables
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Implications of QualityCompany Reputation
Product Liability
Global Implications
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Cost of Quality (COQ)Cost of Quality: The cost of doing things
wrongPreventive Costs
Associated with preventing defectsAppraisal Costs
Associated with evaluation costs
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Cost of Quality (COQ)Internal Costs
Associated with defects and problems before delivery
External CostsCosts that occur after delivery
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Total Quality ManagementTQM is a corporate business management
philosophy which recognizes that customer needs and business goals are inseparable.
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Total Quality ManagementTQM is a management philosophy for
continuously improving overall business performance based on leadership, supplier quality management, vision and plan statement, evaluation, process control and improvement, product design, quality system improvement, employee participation, recognition and reward, education and training, and customer focus.
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Deming’s 14 Points1. Create consistency of purpose2. Lead to promote change3. Build quality into the product; stop depending
on inspection4. Build long-term relationships based on
performance, not price5. Continuously improve product, quality, and
service6. Start training7. Emphasize leadership
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Deming’s 14 Points8. Drive out fear9. Break down barriers between departments10. Stop haranguing workers11. Support, help, improve12. Remove barriers to pride in work13. Institute a vigorous program of education and
self-improvement14. Put everybody in the company to work on the
transformation
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Continuous ImprovementSetting the bar and then raising itZero DefectsEmployee recognition is corner stonePDCA/ Kaizen
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Employee Empowerment85% of Problems are with materials and
equipmentInvolvement by those who are dealing hands
on with the systemDelegating responsibilityInvolving shop-floor vs. Top DownForming of teamsQuality Circles
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
BenchmarkingProcess of evaluation via choosing the best
practice in a particular activityProvides a snapshot of your business and
gives a relative standingBenchmarking outside your industryInternal benchmarking
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Steps in Benchmarking1. Determine what to benchmark2. Form a benchmark team3. Identify benchmarking partners4. Collect and analyze benchmarking
information5. Take action to match or exceed the
benchmark
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Just In TimeCutting cost of quality
Inventory hides bad qualityLess scrap, rework, damage costs
Improves qualityCuts lead timeErrors are seen earlyQuality problems can be found both within firm
and vendorsLess inventory ordering
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Deming’s Seven Deadly DiseasesLack of constancy of purpose. Emphasis on short-term profits. Evaluation by performance, merit rating, or
annual review of performance. Mobility of management.
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Deming’s Seven Deadly DiseasesRunning a company on visible figures alone. Excessive medical costs. Excessive costs of warranty, fueled by
lawyers who work for contingency fees.
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Tools of TQMCheck Sheets
Used for recording dataHelp in showing patterns
Scatter DiagramsShow relationships between two
measurements
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Tools of TQMCause and Effect Diagrams
Ishikawa Diagram or Fish-Bone ChartUsed to discover possible locations of quality
problems4 Ms:
Material Machinery Manpower Methods
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Tools of TQMFlowcharts
Graphically explain the processStatistical Process Control (SPC)
Process used to monitor standards, make measurements and take actions to correct problems as the product is being produced
Uses control charts
Prepared By: Ali Siddiqi
Tools of TQMPareto Charts
80/20 RuleHistograms
Shows the range of values of a measurement and the frequency of its occurrence
Show frequency and variations
Recommended