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In this Presentation You will Know Basics of SAS
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Presentation on “Substation Automation System (SAS)”
Presented by-Abu Isha Md. Sajed Arefin
Deputy ManagerSystem Protection & Metering Circle
Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd.
Definition Substation Automation System (SAS)
The most straightforward definition of SAS is that it can perform-
Local & remote access to the power system
Consisting of Manual & automatic functions
Consisting of communication links & interfaces to the switchgear objects within the substation and to the
Network Control & Management Center.
Traditional SAS architectureStation PC
Control Centre
Engineering PC
Router
Station Bus
Relay ABay Controller
Conventional Switchgear
ConventionalCT / VT's
Relay B Relay ABay Controller
Conventional Switchgear
Relay B
ConventionalCT / VT's
Brief History of SAS-
To dig out the history of SAS, lets go back more than 100 years when protective relays were introduced in power system for the first time.
Microprocessor based Remote Terminal Units came into picture in 1984.
Then in 1994 Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) were introduced in the power system.
And finally universal SAS standard IEC 61850 was introduced in 1997 to build the modern SAS architecture.
From RTU to SAS Architecture
Development of SAS over Time-
Basic Functions of SAS-
Basic Functions Typical Examples of Functions
Monitoring Functions
Monitoring of switchgear status, transformer tap position & tap changer status etc.
Monitoring of control & protection equipment soundness. Monitoring of electrical quantities, e.g. current, voltage,
frequency, MW, MVAR etc. Monitoring of station auxiliary supply and DC system.
Control Functions
Controlling of circuit breakers & disconnecting switches. opening & closing.
Synchronization checking. Maintaining switchgear operational interlocking. Controlling of voltage regulation. Controlling of reactive power.
Recording Functions
Recording of monitoring data. Fault, disturbance and event recording.
Protection Functions
Protection of generator, transmission line, power transformer, busbar, RPC bank, distribution feeders, shunt capacitor, shunt reactor etc.
Major Benefits of SAS-
Increases reliability and flexibility of the power system. Integrated protection & control accelerates response to
problems.A new approach to predict voltage instability.Comparatively easy and cost effective maintenance. Intelligent under frequency initiated load shedding to
avoid blackouts.Disturbance recording for fault location and power
quality assessment.Power system condition assessment for better
knowledge.
Communication in SAS-
Communication between the switchyard equipments to IEDs and communication between local SAS to network control centers are the backbone of modern SAS.
Proper & flexible communications is the key feature to achieve the perfect score and reliability for SAS.
Communication structure of SAS
Communication in SAS- (cont.) Communication with network control centers- Proprietary Protocols- RP570/571 (ABB) 8fW (Siemens) DNP3.0 (GE-Harris. DNP User Group) Modbus (Different users specially in power plants) Standard Protocols- IEC 60870-5-101 IEC 60870-5-104 IEC 60870-6 IEC 61850
Communication in SAS- (cont.) Communication within the substation- Proprietary Protocols- SPA (ABB) LON (ABB) Profibus (Siemens) DNP3.0 (GE-Harris. DNP User Group) UCA.2 (Utility communication architecture by
EPRI/IEEE ) Standard Protocols- IEC 60870-5-103 IEC 61850
Thank you
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