Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition...

Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and

Extranets

◦ Briefly describe how the Internet works, including alternatives for connecting to it and the role of Internet service providers

◦ Describe the World Wide Web and how it works◦ Explain the use of Web browsers, search engines,

and other Web tools◦ Identify and briefly describe the applications

associated with the Internet and the Web

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◦ Identify who is using the Web to conduct business and discuss some of the pros and cons of Web commerce

◦ Outline a process for creating Web content◦ Describe Java and discuss its potential impact on

the software world◦ Define the terms intranet and extranet and

discuss how organizations are using them◦ Identify several issues associated with the use of

networks

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ARPANET◦ Ancestor of the Internet◦ Project started by the U.S. Department of Defense

(DoD) in 1969

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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)◦ Transport-layer protocol that most Internet

applications use with IP Backbone

◦ One of the Internet’s high-speed, long-distance communications links

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)◦ An assigned address on the Internet for each

computer

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Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)◦ Responsible for managing IP addresses and

Internet domain names◦ Has authority to resolve domain name disputes

Cyber-squatters◦ Register domain names in the hope of selling

them to corporations or people

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Accessing the Internet◦ Connect via LAN Server◦ Connect via Dial-up◦ Connect via High-Speed Service◦ Connect Wirelessly

Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

How the Internet Works How the Internet Works (continued)(continued)

Any company that provides individuals or organizations with access to the Internet

Most charge a monthly fee You get:

◦ Access to the Internet◦ Email account◦ Storage space◦ Other

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Collection of tens of millions of server computers that work together as one in an Internet

Hyperlink◦ Highlighted text or graphics in a Web document

that, when clicked, opens a new Web page Web browser

◦ Web client software such as Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari used to view Web pages

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Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web (continued)(continued)

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)◦ Standard page description language for Web

pages HTML tags

◦ Let the browser know how to format text Extensible Markup Language (XML)

◦ Markup language for Web documents containing structured information

Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)◦ File or portion of an HTML file that defines the

visual appearance of content in a Web page

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Web 2.0◦ The Web as a computing platform that supports

software applications and the sharing of information

Rich Internet application ◦ Software that has the functionality and

complexity of traditional application software, but runs in a Web browser and does not require local installation

Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Java◦ Object-oriented programming language from Sun

Microsystems based on C++◦ Allows small programs (applets) to be embedded

within an HTML document Other languages

◦ Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX)◦ Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP)◦ Adobe Flash and Microsoft Silverlight

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Popular tools for creating Web pages and managing Web sites:◦ Adobe Dreamweaver, Microsoft Expression Web,

and Nvu Popular publishing options:

◦ ISPs, free sites, and Web hosting Mash-up

◦ Process of mixing two or more hip-hop songs into one song

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Standards and tools that streamline and simplify communication among Web sites

XML ◦ The key to Web services

RSS◦ Real Simple Syndication◦ Podcasts◦ Streaming audio and video

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Other components used in Web service applications:◦ SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)◦ WSDL (Web Services Description Language)◦ UDDI (Universal Discovery Description and

Integration)

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Search engines and Web research◦ Search engines

Have become important to businesses as a tool to drive visitors to the business’ Web site

◦ SEO has become a valuable marketing tool

Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Search Engines and Web Search Engines and Web ResearchResearch

Commercial Internet Exchange (CIX) Association◦ Established in 1991◦ Allows businesses to connect to the Internet

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E-mail◦ No longer limited to simple text messages◦ Can embed sound and images◦ Can attach files

Instant messaging◦ Online, real-time communication between two or

more people who are connected to the Internet

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Telnet◦ Network protocol that enables users to log on to

networks remotely over the Internet Secure Shell (SSH)

◦ Provides Telnet functionality through a more secure connection

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)◦ Supports file transfers between a host and a

remote computer

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Web log (blog)◦ Web site that people create and use to write

about their observations, experiences, and feelings on a wide range of topics

Podcast◦ Audio broadcast over the Internet◦ An audio blog

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Usenet◦ Uses e-mail to provide a centralized news service◦ Topic are called newsgroups◦ Protocol that describes how groups of messages

can be stored on and sent between computers

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Chat rooms ◦ Enable two or more people to engage in

interactive “conversations” over the Internet◦ Internet Relay Chat (IRC)

Requires participants to type their conversation rather than speak

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Internet phone service◦ Relatively inexpensive, especially for international

calls Voice-over-IP (VoIP) technology

◦ Network managers can route phone calls and fax transmissions over the same network they use for data

Internet videoconferencing◦ Supports both voice and visual communications

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Social Networking◦ Facebook

Provides an application development platform so that technically proficient members can create applications to run within Facebook

◦ The U.S. intelligence community Is adopting social networking to share information

among operatives and analysts◦ Twitter

Allows members to report on what they are doing throughout the day

Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Media Sharing◦ YouTube

Allows members to post homemade video content◦ Flickr

Allows members to upload photos to their own personal online photo album and choose photos to share with the community

Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Content Streaming◦ Method for transferring multimedia files, radio

broadcasts, and other content over the Internet◦ Enables users to browse large files in real time

Shopping on the Web◦ Amazon Shorts

Has stories that vary in length from 2,000 to 10,000 words

◦ Bot (intelligent agent) Software tool that searches the Web for information,

products, or prices

Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Web auction◦ A way to connect buyers and sellers

eBay◦ Popular auction site◦ Easy to use and includes thousands of products

and services in many categories Auction sites

◦ Cannot always determine whether the people and companies listing products and services are legitimate

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Radio broadcasts are now available on the Internet

Video and TV are also becoming available Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) protocol

◦ Used to put TV programming on the Internet Digital books, both in text and audio form

◦ Are growing in popularity thanks to appealing devices and services

Audio books ◦ Have become more popular due to the popularity

of the iPod and services like audible.com

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Internet office◦ Web site that contains files, phone numbers, e-

mail addresses, an appointment calendar, and more

◦ Allows your desktop computer, phone books, appointment schedulers, and other important information to be with you wherever you are

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Internet ◦ Can provide critical information during times of

disaster ◦ Can be used to translate words, sentences, or

complete documents from one language into another

◦ Facilitates distance learning, which has dramatically increased in the last several years

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Intranet◦ Internal corporate network built using Internet

and World Wide Web standards and technologies Extranet

◦ Network that links selected resources of the intranet of a company with its customers, suppliers, or other business partners

Virtual private network (VPN) ◦ Secure connection between two points on the

Internet

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Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Intranets and Extranets Intranets and Extranets (continued)(continued)

Management issues◦ Preventing attacks

Service and speed issues◦ Keeping up with Internet traffic and traffic on

company intranets Privacy, fraud, security, and unauthorized

Internet sites◦ People and companies are reluctant to embrace

the Internet unless these issues are successfully addressed

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Search engines ◦ Good starting point for searching for specific

companies or industries Job sites

◦ www.directmarketingcareers.com◦ www.monster.com◦ www.hotjobs.com◦ www.careerbuilder.com

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EndEnd

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