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Protein Synthesis
Protein
Synthesis
Protein
Synthesis
Protein
Synthesis
Protein
Synthesis
Protein
Synthesis
Protein Synthesis
Transcription
DNA mRNA
Occurs in the nucleus
Translation
mRNA tRNA AA
Occurs at the ribosome
Triplets
(Codons)
Genetic
Code
Transcription
Transcription
Transcription
Transcription
Initiation
Promoter
TATA Box
Initiation Site
Transcription factor
RNA Polymerase
AUG
Elongation
RNA
Polymerase
Adds
nucleotides
to the 3’ end
Termination
Proceeds until RNA polymerase transcribes
a terminator sequence
UAA
UAG
UGA
RNA Processing
5’ guanine cap
3” Poly (A) tail
RNA Splicing
Introns
Exons
Spliceosomes
snRNPs
Small nuclear
ribonucleoproteins
Introns????
Regulation
One gene can code for
alternate polypeptides
Evolution
Domains – structural
and functional regions
Translation
tRNA
Aminoacyl-
tRNA
Synthetase
Ribosomes
Small subunit
Large subunit
P site (peptidyl-tRNA)
A site
(Aminoacyl-tRNA)
E site (Exit site)
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
Polyribosomes
Point Mutation
Point
Mutation
Base Pair
Insertion or
Deletion
Frameshift
Missense – new
AA
Nonsense – stop
Point Mutation
Base Pair Substitution
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