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Pump Turbine New CapabilitiesDOE Webinar
April 9th, 2021
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 2
Pump Turbine New Capabilities
1. Runner hydraulic/mechanical design -> low load
operation
2. Power electronics, Frequency converters
3. Increased Flexibility with variable speed, and low load
4. Increased Reactivity with fast mode changes
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
1. Runner hydraulic/mechanical design -> low
load operation
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 4
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 5
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 6
Physics Monitoring Damage hill chart
Flexibility : extended operating zone
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 7
Design improvement
~40% reduction of dynamic stress at calculated point
No performance sacrifice
Design assessed using numerical & experimental means
→ significant lifetime improvement
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
2. Power electronics – frequency converters
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 9
PSP System Technologies
SMPT SMPTPT ASM SMT P SMPT SMT
PSP system technologies : 50 to 450 MW & 150 ft to 4000 ft
Reversible Fixed
speed
Variable speed
Double fed QuaternaryTernary
Variable speed
Fully fed
150 to 450 MW < 150 MW < 150 MW
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 10
Frequency converters – variable speed
Converter Module
Reactors
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
3. Flexibility & Reactivity
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 12
Increased Flexibility and Reactivity
• Flexibility :
New runner design & other components
-> Low load safe turbine operation
Variable Speed :
-> Pump power variation
-> Turbine operation away from the “S”
• Reactivity : -> Pump and turbine start sequences
-> Dewatering and synchronous condenser
-> Fast mode changes
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 13
PSH Flexibility Operational Range
100 %
-100 %
0 %
Fix
ed
sp
ee
d
Va
r sp
ee
d
Po
we
r va
ria
tio
n
Qu
ate
rna
ryP
um
pH
SC
Pu
mp
HS
C
Pu
mp
Pu
mp
• Fixed speed :
Turbine flexibility 50% load
Pump fixed speed characteristics
• Variable speed :
Double fed rotor
Fully fed stator
• Pump fast start (watered)
•Hydraulic short circuit
Te
rna
ry
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 14
Hydraulic short circuit
PUMP TURBINE
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
4. Increased Reactivity with fast mode changes
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 16
PSP start & transfer typical times
Reversible PT
Fixed speed
Reversible PT
Variable speedDoubly-fed
Reversible PT
Variable speedFully-fed
QuaternaryFixed speed Francis
FF Pump
Standstill
Pumpfull-load
Turbinefull-load
T-Condenser P-Condenser
60
6060
**
30*30*
230
180
190
170
1*
1*
220*
120*
120
110
30
120
250
130
40
220
500
400
40
120
205
210
40
30
220
210
200
180
1*
1*
6060
6060
**
150
120
30
30
300
280
40
30
All time in seconds
60
• Converter operation as STATCOM only (w/o motor-
generator operation)
Time indications rely on different plant references.
Simulation for Fully fed.
Hydraulic
Short circuit
30
120
30
30
1*
1*
* *
90
70
Gilboa project demand : /2 typical transition times
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 17
Gilboa illustration :Validation on the real machine
Gilboa’s normal startup takes approximately 90 seconds to go from 0 to 100% power while a
fast startup takes only 70 seconds or less
Further tests on prototype → down to 35 s.
Optimized start-up of Gilboa in generation mode with conventional
distributor control algorithm.
Speed rise and synchro Power ramp-up
rotation speed (%)
guide vane opening (%)
120
80
30
-20
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 18
Variable speed – fast power set point
Inertia energy transfer to the grid : power step
Source : IEEE PES General Meeting, Emilia Nobile, Gökhan Sari and Alexander Schwery,, Variable Speed Hydro Pumped Storage as Flexible Enabler of Intermittent Renewable Penetration, 2018
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 19
Variable speed – fast power set point
Inertia energy transfer to the grid : frequency following, over a fixed time (10 seconds)
Source : IEEE PES General Meeting, Emilia Nobile, Gökhan Sari and Alexander Schwery,, Variable Speed Hydro Pumped Storage as Flexible Enabler of Intermittent Renewable Penetration, 2018
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 20
Presentation Title
Pump start
Turbine Stop
Quaternary – fast HSC transition30 seconds Pump Hydraulic torque
Turbine Hydraulic torqueSNL – Zero Hydraulic torque
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
Backup Slides
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 24
Reversible single stage pump-turbine
Pump-Turbine
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 25
Pelton Turbine
3-stage pump
Ternary unit
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 26
Quaternary unit
Francis Turbine3-stage pump
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 27
FRANCE
REVIN*
▪ 4 x 200 MW
▪ 240 m head, 300 rpm
▪ Retrofit
PORTUGAL
ALQUEVA II
▪ 2 x 130 MW
▪ 72 m head, 428.6 rpm
SALAMONDE II
▪ 1 x 209 MW
▪ 115 m head, 166.7 rpm
INDIA
TEHRI*
▪ 4 x 250 MW
▪ 188 m head, 231 rpm (+/-6%)
▪ Variable Speed
CHINA
QIONGZHONG
▪ 3 x 200 MW
▪ 308 m head, 375 rpm
HOHHOT
▪ 4 x 306 MW
▪ 521 m, 500 rpm
PUSHIHE
▪ 4 x 306 MW
▪ 308 m, 333.3 rpm
JINZHAI*
▪ 4 x 300 MW
▪ 330 m, 333 rpm
ISRAEL
KOKHAV HAYARDEN*
▪ 2 x 150 MW
▪ 409 m head, 600 rpm
▪ Equipment + O&M
GILBOA*
▪ 2 x 150 MW
▪ 430 m head, 750 rpm
▪ Equipment + O&M
USA
CABIN CREEK*
▪ 2 x 162 MW
▪ 363 m head, 360 rpm
▪ Retrofit
SOUTH KOREA
SAMRANGJIN*
▪ 2 x 340 MW
▪ 345 m head, 300 rpm
▪ Retrofit
GE Renewable Energy’s key Pumped Hydro Storage projects
* Projects under construction
AUSTRIA
MALTA*
▪ 2 x 60➔80 MW
▪ Motor Generator, 240-550 rpm
▪ Conversion to Fully Fed
Variable Speed
Currently adding ~4 GW of GE’s hydro storage projects
including ~2 GW with variable speed technology
SWITZERLAND
NANT DE DRANCE*
▪ 6 x 150 MW
▪ 311 m head, 429 rpm (+/-7%)
▪ Variable Speed
LINTH-LIMMERN
▪ 4 x 250 MW
▪ 623 m head, 500 rpm (+/-6%)
▪ Variable Speed
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 28
Alqueva II, PortugalHigher flexibility thanks to hydraulic design improvement
Operator: EDP
Output: 520 MW (Alqueva I & II)
Head: 71 m
Speed : 136 rpm
Turbine technology: Single-stage
Generator technology: fixed speed
Scope:
• 4 x 130 MW pump turbines & motor generators
• Control & excitation systems
• Hydro-mechanical equipment
• Erection & commissioning
Commercial operation: 2013
Challenge
Integration of intermittent renewables at the grid
periphery requires new operation modes, with higher
flexibility and wider operating range
GE Solution
• Improved low head design thanks to advances in
computer modeling and CFD technology
• New hydraulic design allowing a shift in the
performance hill towards the new needs of
operation especially full load in turbine mode
+37% Continuous
operating range
+50% Total
operating range
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 29
Linth-Limmern, SwitzerlandVariable speed technology to regulate power
+80% Overall cycle
efficiency
700 msingle stage pump
turbine
↓ civil works costs
Power adjustment, even
when the plant
consumes electricity, to
pump water up to the
upper reservoir
Operator: Kraftwerk Linth-Limmern AG
Output: 1000 MW
Head: 700 m
Speed : 500 rpm
Turbine technology: Single-stage
Generator technology: variable speed double-fed
induction machines
Scope
• 4 x 250 MW variable speed pump turbines
• 4 x 280 MVA variable speed motor generators
• Power electronics (SPMAX)
Challenge
Supply electricity in peak consumption hours and
ensure grid reliability in a changing energy mix (↓of
baseload fossil-fueled power plants)
GE Solution
SPMax: getting the best out of variable speed
technology
• Improve availability
• Optimize hydraulic efficiency or electric power
reactivity
• Reactive power control, virtual inertia
Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 30
Gilboa, IsraelHigher flexibility to integrate renewables in an island grid
<70 sectransition
from standstill to
full generation
18 year O&M contract
Operator: PSP Investment Ltd
Output: 300 MW
Head: 500 m
Speed : 750 rpm
Turbine technology: Single-stage
Generator technology: fixed speed
Scope
• 2 x 150 MW pump turbines & motor generators
• Main Inlet Valves
• Hydromechanical Gates
• Mechanical BOP
• Electrical BOP
• Control System with cybersecurity
Challenge
Isolated grid needing power independence and strong
reliability for the installation of the 1st PSP in the
country, managed by private investor
GE Solution
Full turnkey solution
Electromechanical equipment contract incl.
Engineering, Procurement and Construction
Full Operation and Maintenance for :
• Improved performance
• Reduced operational risks
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