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sipil
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Nama : Punto Ajie Ramadhan
NPM : 93213032
Jurusan : Teknik Sipil
Mata Kuliah : Teknik Hidrologi
1. Make Unit Hydrograph using The Excess Rainfall Hyetograph & Direct Runoff ?
Jawab :
A. The Excess Raifall
Tabel 1.1 Direct Runoff
Time
(1/2 hr)
Excess Rainfall
(in)
Excess Rainfall
(cm)
Direct Runoff
(cfs)
Direct Runoff
(cms) U
1 1.06 2.6924 428 12.12 4.50
2 1.93 4.9022 1923 54.45 12.03
3 1.81 4.5974 5297 149.99 26.12
4 0 0 9131 258.56 27.93
5 0 0 10625 300.87 16.285
6 0 0 7834 221.83 5.05
7 0 0 3921 111.03 4.24
8 0 0 1846 52.27 3.07
9 0 0 1402 39.70 1.91
10 0 0 830 23.50 0.010
11 0 0 313 8.86 0.020
Tabel 1.2 Direct Runoff Koreksi
Time
(1/2 hr)
Excess Rainfall
(in)
Excess Rainfall
(cm)
Direct Runoff
(cfs)
Direct Runoff
(cms) Ukoreksi
1 2 5.08 428 22.87 4.50
2 3 7.62 1923 95.41 12.03
3 2.5 6.35 5297 252.95 26.12
4 1.5 3.81 9131 434.48 27.93
5 0 0 10625 507.27 16.28
6 0 0 7834 426.62 5.05
7 0 0 3921 269.83 4.24
8 0 0 1846 142.03 3.07
9 0 0 1402 79.27 1.91
10 0 0 830 50.25 0.010
11 0 0 313 23.99 0.020
Tabel 1.3 Volume Rainfall
Time
(1/2 hr)
P V
(m) (m3)
1 0.027 21815.299
2 0.049 98015.933
3 0.046 269989.806
4 465410.027
5 541559.691
6 399301.517
7 199854.640
8 94091.218
9 71460.394
10 42305.369
11 15953.711
0.122 2219757.604 18206673.264 18.207
Tabel 1.4 Volume Rainfall Koreksi
Time
(1/2 hr)
P V
I x T QXT
(m) (m3)
1 0.051 41160.941
2 0.076 171733.156
3 0.064 455301.284
4 0.038 782060.150
5 913091.002
6 767922.055
7 485701.717
8 255657.030
9 142684.095
10 90455.091
11 43183.777
0.229 4148950.298 18149388.882 18.149
Gambar 1.1 Grafik Direct Runoff
Gambar 1.2 Grafik Direct Runoff Koreksi
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
B. Unit Hidrograph
Tabel 1.5 Hasil Perhitungan
Unit Besaran Satuan
tR 6 hr
A 2500 km2
L 100 km2
Lc 50 km2
Ct 2.64
tp 25.4892 hr
tr 4.6344
tpr 25.8306 m3/skm2cm
qp 0.060418
qpr 0.059619
peak discharge 149.048
tb 93.25853
w50 44.97764
w70 25.64146
Gambar 1.3 Grafik Unit Hidrograph
2. Make Unit Hydrograph Convolution ?
Jawab :
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 20 40 60 80 100
Series1
A. S – Curve 2-1
Tabel 2.1 Data S-Curve 2-1
Time 2-Hr Total
(hr) Uh
0 0.0
0.0
1 75.0
75.0
2 250.0 0.0
250.0
3 300.0 75.0
375.0
4 275.0 250.0 0.0
525.0
5 200.0 300.0 75.0
575.0
6 100.0 275.0 250.0 0.0
625.0
7 75.0 200.0 300.0 75.0
650.0
8 50.0 100.0 275.0 250.0 0.0 675.0
9 25.0 75.0 200.0 300.0 75.0 675.0
10 0.0 50.0 100.0 275.0 250.0 0.0 675.0
11 25.0 75.0 200.0 300.0 75.0 675.0
Tabel 2.2 Perhitungan S-Curve 2-1
Time
S-Curve
S-Curved
lagged 1
HR
Diff 1-HR UH-
ORDINATES (hr)
0 0.0
0.0 0.0
1 75.0 0.0 75.0 150.0
2 250.0 75.0 250.0 500.0
3 375.0 250.0 125.0 250.0
4 525.0 375.0 150.0 300.0
5 575.0 525.0 50.0 100.0
6 625.0 575.0 50.0 100.0
7 650.0 625.0 25.0 50.0
8 675.0 650.0 25.0 50.0
9 675.0 675.0 0.0 0.0
10 675.0 675.0 0.0 0.0
11 675.0 675.0 0.0 0.0
Gambar 2.1 Grafik S-Curve 2-1
Gambar 2.2 Grafik Persamaan S-Curve 2-1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
1-HR-UH
S-Curve
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
S-Curve
Series2
Series3
Series4
Series5
Series6
Series7
Gambar 2.3 Grafik Perbandingan S-Curve 2-1
B. S – Curve 2-3
Tabel 2.3 Data S-Curve 2-3
Time 2-Hr Total
(hr) Uh
0 0.0
0.0
1 75.0
75.0
2 250.0 0.0
250.0
3 300.0 75.0
375.0
4 275.0 250.0 0.0
525.0
5 200.0 300.0 75.0
575.0
6 100.0 275.0 250.0 0.0
625.0
7 75.0 200.0 300.0 75.0
650.0
8 50.0 100.0 275.0 250.0 0.0
675.0
9 25.0 75.0 200.0 300.0 75.0
675.0
10 0.0 50.0 100.0 275.0 250.0 0.0 675.0
11 25.0 75.0 200.0 300.0 75.0 675.0
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
S-CURVE
1-hr-Uh
Tabel 2.4 Perhitungan S-Curve 2-3
Time
S-Curve
S-Curved
lagged 3
HR
Diff 3-HR UH-
ORDINATES (hr)
0 0.0
0.0 0.0
1 75.0
75.0 50.0
2 250.0
250.0 166.7
3 375.0 0.0 375.0 250.0
4 525.0 75.0 450.0 300.0
5 575.0 250.0 325.0 216.7
6 625.0 375.0 250.0 166.7
7 650.0 525.0 125.0 83.3
8 675.0 575.0 100.0 66.7
9 675.0 625.0 50.0 33.3
10 675.0 650.0 25.0 16.7
11 675.0 675.0 0.0 0.0
Gambar 2.4 Grafik S-Curve 2-3
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
3-HR-UH
3-HR-UH
Gambar 2.5 Grafik Persamaan S-Curve 2-3
Gambar 2.6 Grafik Perbandingan S-Curve 2-3
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
S-Curve
Series2
Series3
Series4
Series5
Series6
Series7
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
S-CURVE
3-hr-Uh
C. S – Curve 3-1
Tabel 2.5 Data S-Curve 3-1
Time 3-Hr Total
(hr) Uh
0 0.0
0.0
1 50.0
50.0
2 166.7
166.7
3 250.0 0.0
250.0
4 300.0 50.0
350.0
5 216.7 166.7
383.3
6 166.7 250.0 0.0
416.7
7 83.3 300.0 50.0
433.3
6 66.7 216.7 166.7
450.0
9 33.3 166.7 250.0 0.0 450.0
10 16.7 83.3 300.0 50.0 450.0
11 0.0 66.7 216.7 166.7 450.0
12 0.0 33.3 166.7 250.0 0.0 450.0
Tabel 2.6 Perhitungan S-Curve 3-1
Time
S-Curve
S-Curved
lagged 1
HR
Diff 1-HR UH-
ORDINATES (hr)
0 0.0
0.0 0.0
1 50.0 0.0 50.0 150.0
2 166.7 50.0 116.7 350.0
3 250.0 166.7 83.3 250.0
4 350.0 250.0 100.0 300.0
5 383.3 350.0 33.3 100.0
6 416.7 383.3 33.3 100.0
7 433.3 416.7 16.7 50.0
8 450.0 433.3 16.7 50.0
9 450.0 450.0 0.0 0.0
10 450.0 450.0 0.0 0.0
11 450.0 450.0 0.0 0.0
12 450.0 450.0 0.0 0.0
Gambar 2.7 Grafik S-Curve 3-1
Gambar 2.8 Grafik Persamaan S-Curve 3-1
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
3-HR-UH
S-Curve
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
S-Curve
Series2
Series3
Series4
Series5
Series6
Gambar 2.9 Grafik Perbandingan S-Curve 3-1
3. Make Flood Routing ?
Jawab :
A. EXAMPLE 1
Gambar 3.1 Contoh Soal 1
Diketahui Intensitas Hujan (I) dan Debit (Q) pada suatu hari pada Tabel 1.1 berikut
ini dimana Convert satuan 1 cfs = 0.0283 cms (m3/s).
Tabel 3.1 Rata-Rata Intensitas Hujan (I) dan Debit Air (Q)
Time I Q Δt Δt
(days) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs) (cms)
0.5 500 250 250 7.079
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
S-CURVE
1-hr-Uh
1.5 3500 1000 2500 70.792
2.5 9000 3000 6000 169.901
3.5 9750 4500 5250 148.663
4.5 8000 5750 2250 63.713
5.5 4500 6000 -1500 -42.475
6.5 2250 5250 -3000 -84.951
7.5 1250 4250 -3000 -84.951
8.5 250 3250 -3000 -84.951
9.5 0 2500 -2500 -70.792
10.5 0 1500 -1500 -42.475
11.5 0 1000 -1000 -28.317
12.5 0 750 -750 -21.238
13.5 0 0 0 0.000
Note : ∆S = I – Q
Gambar 3.2 Grafik Inflow & Outflow
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Q (c
ms)
Time (days)
Inflow (I)
Outflow (Q)
Tabel 3.2 Storage Water
Time ΔS S
(days) (m3) (m3)
0 0.0 0.0
1 611643.9 611643.9
2 6116438.9 6728082.8
3 14679453.3 21407536.0
4 12844521.6 34252057.6
5 5504795.0 39756852.6
6 -3669863.3 36086989.3
7 -7339726.6 28747262.7
8 -7339726.6 21407536.0
9 -7339726.6 14067809.4
10 -6116438.9 7951370.5
11 -3669863.3 4281507.2
12 -2446575.5 1834931.7
13 -1834931.7 0.0
14 0.0 0.0
Note : ∆Si = ∆ti*24*3600
Gambar 3.3 Grafik Storage
-5000000.00.0
5000000.010000000.015000000.020000000.025000000.030000000.035000000.040000000.045000000.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Stor
age
(m3)
Time (days)
Storage (m3 - day)
S (m3)
B. EXAMPLE 3
Gambar 3.4 Contoh Soal 2
Intensitas Hujan (I) dan Debit (Q) pada suatu hari pada Tabel 2.1 berikut ini dimana
Convert satuan 1 cfs = 0.0283 cms (m3/s). Dimana diketahui :
K = 2 days
∆t = 1 days
x = 0.20
D = K – (K*x) + (0.5*∆t)
= 2 – (2*0.2) + (0.5*1)
= 2.10
C0 = [(–∆t*x) + (0.5*∆t)]/D
= [(–1*0.20) + (0.5*1)]/2.10
= 0.05
C1 = [(∆t*x) + (0.5*∆t)]/D
= [(1*0.20) + (0.5*1)]/2.10
= 0.43
C2 = [∆t – (∆t*x) + (0.5*∆t)]/D
= [1 – (1*0.20) + (0.5*1)]/2.10
= 0.52
∑C = C0 + C1 + C2 = 1
Tabel 3.3 Inflow dan Outflow
Time I Q Q
(days) (cfs) (cms) (cms)
1 4000 113.27 113.27
2 7000 198.22 117.31
3 11000 311.49 161.23
4 17000 481.39 240.87
5 22000 622.97 362.14
6 27000 764.55 493.09
7 30000 849.51 626.40
8 28000 792.87 729.95
9 25000 707.92 755.87
10 23000 651.29 730.34
11 20000 566.34 688.65
12 17000 481.39 626.36
13 14000 396.44 553.28
14 11000 311.49 474.55
15 8000 226.53 392.85
16 5000 141.58 309.61
17 4000 113.27 228.25
18 4000 113.27 173.50
19 4000 113.27 144.82
20 4000 113.27 129.79
Note : Q1 = I1
Qi = (C0*Ii) + (C1*Ii-1) + (C2*Qi-1)
C. EXAMPLE 4
Gambar 3.5 Contoh Soal 3
Diketahui Intensitas Hujan (I) dan Debit (Q) pada suatu hari pada Tabel 3.1 berikut
ini dimana Convert satuan yaitu :
1 cfs = 0.0283 cms (m3/s)
1 cfs-days = 86400 m3
Tabel 3.4 Inflow dan Outflow
Time I Q S S S
(days) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs-days) (cms-days) m3
1 59 42 17 0.481 41591.784
2 93 70 40 1.133 97863.022
3 129 76 93 2.633 227531.526
4 205 142 156 4.417 381665.785
5 210 183 183 5.182 447723.325
6 234 185 232 6.570 567605.527
7 325 213 344 9.741 841621.988
8 554 293 605 17.132 1480178.205
9 627 397 835 23.645 2042890.581
10 526 487 874 24.749 2138307.027
11 432 533 773 21.889 1891202.897
12 400 487 686 19.425 1678350.824
13 388 446 628 17.783 1536449.443
14 270 400 498 14.102 1218394.622
15 162 360 300 8.495 733972.664
16 124 230 194 5.493 474635.656
17 102 140 156 4.417 381665.785
18 81 115 122 3.455 298482.217
19 60 93 89 2.520 217745.224
20 51 71 69 1.954 168813.713
Tabel 3.5 Weighted Discharge
S Wxn (m3/s)
(m3) x = 0.1 x = 0.2 x = 0.3
41591.784 1.237 0.951 1.334
97863.022 2.047 1.586 2.178
227531.526 2.302 1.722 2.602
381665.785 4.199 3.217 4.556
447723.325 5.258 4.146 5.411
567605.527 5.377 4.191 5.655
841621.988 6.349 4.825 6.983
1480178.205 9.036 6.637 10.514
2042890.581 11.893 8.993 13.196
2138307.027 13.901 11.032 14.122
1891202.897 14.807 12.074 14.235
1678350.824 13.544 11.032 13.051
1536449.443 12.465 10.103 12.137
1218394.622 10.959 9.061 10.222
733972.664 9.633 8.155 8.512
474635.656 6.213 5.210 5.612
381665.785 3.857 3.171 3.642
298482.217 3.160 2.605 2.968
217745.224 2.540 2.107 2.353
168813.713 1.954 1.608 1.841
Note : Wxn = (xn*Ii)+[(1-xn)*Q]
Gambar 3.6 Grafik Storage vs Weighted Discharge untuk x = 0.1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000
Wei
ghte
d D
isch
arge
(m3/
s)
Storage (m3)
x = 0.1
x = 0.1
Gambar 3.7 Grafik Storage vs Weighted Discharge untuk x = 0.2
Gambar 3.8 Grafik Storage vs Weighted Discharge untuk x = 0.3
Didapatkan :
m = 0.0000063 (Gradien Garis Linear)
K = 1/m
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000
Wei
ghte
d D
isch
arge
(m3/
s)
Storage (m3)
x = 0.2
x = 0.2
y = 6E-06x + 1.7327
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000
Wei
ghte
d D
isch
arge
(m3/
s)
Storage (m3)
X = 0.3
X = 0,3
Linear (X = 0,3)
= 1/0.0000063
= 158730.16 s
= 1.83 days
D. EXAMPLE 5
Gambar 3.9 Contoh Soal 4
1 ft = 0.3048 m 1 ac-ft = 1233.4818 m3 1 cfs = 0.0283 cms (m3/s)
Tabel 3.6 Data Storage
Depth S Q (2*Si/Δt) + Qi
(m) (m3) (cms) (cms)
0 0 0 0
0.3048 1233.482 0.424753 4.536359
0.6096 2466.964 0.906139 9.129351
0.9144 3700.446 1.557427 13.89224
1.2192 4933.927 2.548516 18.99494
1.524 6167.409 3.539606 24.09764
1.8288 7400.891 4.474062 29.1437
2.1336 9251.114 5.238617 36.07566
2.4384 12951.56 5.946538 49.1184
2.7432 14801.78 6.512875 55.85215
3.048 16652 7.079212 62.58589
3.3528 24669.64 7.645549 89.87767
3.6576 27136.6 8.211886 98.66722
Gambar 3.10 Grafik Debit
Gambar 3.11 Grafik Kedalaman vs Debit
y = 1.4176x2 - 0.9254x + 6.3961
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 2 4 6 8 10
2S/Δ
t + Q
(cm
s)
Q (cms)
Series1
Poly. (Series1)
y = 2.4053x - 0.2384
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 1 2 3 4
Q (c
ms)
Depth (m)
Series1
Linear (Series1)
Tabel 3.7 Perhitungan
n Time I I + (Ii+1) (2*Si/Δt) - Qi (2*Si+1/Δt) + (Qi+1) Q plot
(s) (cms) (cms) (cms) (cms) (cms)
0 0 0.000 1.699 0.000 1.699 0.000
1 600 1.699 5.097 1.416 6.513 0.142
2 1200 3.398 8.495 5.267 13.762 0.623
3 1800 5.097 11.893 10.704 22.597 1.529
4 2400 6.796 15.291 16.084 31.375 3.256
5 3000 8.495 18.689 21.917 40.606 4.729
6 3600 10.194 19.255 29.619 48.875 5.493
7 4200 9.061 16.990 36.982 53.972 5.947
8 4800 7.929 14.725 41.286 56.011 6.343
9 5400 6.796 12.459 42.928 55.388 6.541
10 6000 5.663 10.194 42.419 52.613 6.485
11 6600 4.531 7.929 40.153 48.082 6.230
12 7200 3.398 5.663 36.302 41.966 5.890
13 7800 2.265 3.398 30.865 34.263 5.550
14 8400 1.133 1.133 24.183 25.315 5.040
15 9000 0.000 0.000 17.783 17.783 3.766
16 9600 0.000 0.000 13.139 13.139 2.322
17 10200 0.000 0.000 10.251 10.251 1.444
18 10800 0.000 0.000 8.155 8.155 1.048
19 11400 0.000 0.000 6.570 6.570 0.793
20 12000 0.000 0.000 5.267 5.267 0.651
Note : Didapat Debit Maksimum, Qmaks = 6.541 m3/s dan tinggi maksimum,
hmaks = 2.81 m (tinggi didapat dari interpolasi linear)
Gambar 3.12 Grafik Waktu vs Inflow
0.000
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000
In (c
ms)
Time (s)
Series1
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