Reconciling APEX and the Thick Database Paradigm · Reconciling APEX and the Thick Database...

Reconciling APEXand the Thick Database Paradigm

@BrynLite

Product Manager for PL/SQL and EBR at Oracle HQ

Not known for my brevity.Having trouble squeezing my own views—not necessarily my employer's—into 140 chars.Or, for that matter, 60 minutes.

Spring 2017

Introductoryremarks

• Discussion with

– Niels de Bruijn & Joel Kallman at DOAG

– Toon Koppelaars

– Steven Feuerstein, Dan McGann, et al

– Cary Millsap

–Marc Sewtz & Dan McGann (yesterday)

– etc., etc...

• The “commit in PL/SQL is bad” twitter storm—October 2016

• The Gerald Venzl, Tim Hall, et al “old farts brigade” accusation

Setting the scope

• Developers write software for a huge variety of purposes

• We need to set the scope for our discussion

• The best way is to think of a modern app like Moovit

Agenda

The case for implementing all business logic inside the database

- Modular design principles applied to applications backed by Oracle Database

- What is SQL, and how do you make it happen?

- The “hard shell” paradigm

- PL/SQL’s unique specific features for making SQL happen

Myth busting

- Data rules can be enforced by code outside of the database

- You can save database CPU and improve scalability by implementing business logic outside the database

- You can rely on robotically generated SQL

- You can change code in the database without application downtime

- There’s no tooling for PL/SQL

- You can’t provide each developer with a private sandbox for PL/SQL development

Setting the scene

• Large software systems must be built from modules. A module hides its implementation behind an interface that exposes its functionality. This is computer science’s most famous principle.

• For applications that use an Oracle Database, the database is the persistence module. The tables and the SQL statements that manipulate them are the implementation details. The interface is expressed with PL/SQL.

• Developers and end-users of applications built this way are happy with their correctness, maintainability, security, and performance.

• But when developers follow the NoPlsql paradigm, their applications have problems in each of these areas and end-users suffer.

And yet…

Number of Programming Jobs Ranked by Language (Dice.com data) Summer 2015www.codingdojo.com/blog/8-most-in-demand-programming-languages-of-2015/

Modular design principles applied to applications backed by Oracle Database

what are the modules?

business functions matter

table designs can change

responsibility needs authority

encase the database in a hard shell

the framework alternative

NoAnything

What is SQL?

How do youmake it happen?

a SQL statement describes its intended effect

you need an if-then-else language to make SQL happen

how good is it at doing SQL?

where does it run?

The hard shellparadigm

commit

insert

delete

update

select

commit

insert

delete

update

select

commit

insert

delete

update

select

commit

insert

delete

update

select

-- primitive anonymous block statement

begin Pkg.Bulk_Insert(:Rows); end;

PL/SQL’s uniquespecific featuresfor making SQL happen

procedure p(Lo in t.c3%type, Hi in t.c3%type) is

for r in (

select t.c1, t.c2

from t

where t.c3 between p.Lo and p.Hi

order by 1)

Buffer_Row_For_Display(r.c1, r.c2);

end loop;

end p;

for r in (

select t.c1, t.c2

from t

order by 1)

end loop;

end p;

for r in (

select t.c1, t.c2

from t

order by 1)

end loop;

end p;

for r in (

select t.c1, t.c2

from t

order by 1)

end loop;

end p;

SELECT T.C1, T.C2

FROM T

WHERE T.C3 BETWEEN :B2 AND :B1

ORDER BY 1

for r in ( -- cursor implicitly openedselect t.c1, t.c2

from t

order by 1)

end loop; -- cursor implicitly closedend p;

for r in (

select t.c1, t.c2

from t

order by 1)

end loop;

end p; bulkification

native dynamic SQL – expressive – rarely needed

no make: the promise brought by static dependency tracking

every single artifact that implements the business functionsis in one managed universe: the Oracle Database

metadata for everythingstatic definitions

run-time behaviorhomogeneously available via SQL and PL/SQL

for mechanical analysis

DBA_Objects, DBA_Source, DBA_Procedures,DBA_Arguments, DBA_Identifiers, DBA_Dependencies,

DBA_Tables, DBA_Indexes, DBA_Constraints,DBA_Views, DBA_Sequences, DBA_Triggers,...

v$Sql, DBMS_Xplan, DBMS_Hprof,....

everything you’d ordinarily expect as a programmerSQL Developer, GUI debugging

compiler warnings (bad SQL aware)conditional compilation tests package globlals

and so on...

DeployingPL/SQL code changeswith zero downtime:EBR is the key

Oracle E-Business Release 12.2 does it

Salesforce.com does it

American Express does it

and so can you!

Empoweringeach developerto provisiontheir own databases

PDBs as sandboxes – snapshot clone

provisioning app with PL/SQL API from SQL*Plus or APEX

trash a test database and then

re-instate it in its pristine starting state

in minutes

difference in kind

becomes difference in degree

“Oracle Database Development Engineer” job role now well-defined

can: schema design, SQL (incl. execution plans), PL/SQL

need not know: RMAN, Data Guard, RAC deployment, etc

Conclusion

an application whose data isn’t persisted and retrieved correctlyis worthless

“it’s the data, stupid!”

protect your data inside a hard PL/SQL shellselect, insert, update, delete come only from PL/SQL

it’s the time-honored way

protect your data inside a hard PL/SQL shellselect, insert, update, delete come only from PL/SQL

it’s the time-honored way

performance and security matter toothe thick database paradigm ensures these

And now,stepping out of rôle,let’s look at somereal codereally running…

Internet-facing self-service app to manage your bank account

• Tables:– Account_Kinds– Account_Holders– Accounts– Transactions

...and so on...

• Business function: Transfer funds internally– insert a row into Account_Kinds– Honor the rules:

“can’t go into the red”“can’t xfer more than threshold amount in a calendar month”...and so on..

Switch to demo

Reconciling APEX and the Thick Database Paradigm · Reconciling APEX and the Thick Database...

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