Searching for dark matter with atomic clocks in spacetigran.space/clocks2017.pdf · Searching for...

Searchingfordarkmatterwithatomicclocksinspace

TigranKalaydzhyan

arXiv:1705.05833

ThisworkwasperformedattheJetPropulsionLaboratory,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,underacontractwiththeNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration.© 2017CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Governmentsponsorshipacknowledged.

Motivation

§ Nodirectdetectionofthedarkmattertodate,whilehavinganoverwhelmingamountofindirectobservations.Importance:27%ofenergycontentoftheUniverse,85%ofthemasscontent.

§ Vastrangeofunexploredmasses(about80%)ofthetotalspan10-24eV- 1028eV.WIMPsaretypicallytestedaboveGeVandaxions above𝜇eVscale.

§ LightbosonspredictedbynearlyeverynewtheorybeyondtheStandardModel.

§ Specificallyfortheclockstabilitystudies:abletoshowhigh-frequencysignalsandmakeeasiertoidentifydifferenttypesofnoise.

axion neutrinos WIMPs Q-ball wimpzilla BH

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Dwarfgalaxy Earth 1meter Protonsize Plancklength

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Brieftheory(darkmatter)

Presenceofdarkmattercaninduceachangeinthefundamentalconstants:

Clockresponseisduetothechangeintheatomictransitionfrequency:

ActionofthetheoryandinteractionLagrangian:

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Exampleofanatomicclock(87Sr@ JILA)

Source:“Anopticallatticeclockwithaccuracyandstabilityatthe10−18 level”,B.J.Bloomatal.,Nature 506, 71–75 (2014)

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Brieftheory(clocks)Averagefractionalfrequencydeviation:

Allanvariance(continuousversion):

W.J.Riley,“Handbookoffrequencystabilityanalysis”Regimeofourinterest:

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GeneralideaofthemeasurementComparetwoclocksassumingeitherofthetwodarkmatterconfigurations:darkmatterwavesortopologicaldefects.

1.Waveswithfrequency 2.Clumpsofdarkmatterofsize

Images:Phys.org,http://danielpalacios.info 5

Anomaliesinthestabilityplots

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n=1:

n=2:

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n=1:

n=2:

NEW

NEW

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1Hz

1Hz

Furtherdirections

EARTH

𝑙#

𝑙$

𝜃

• ComparingmechanicalclocksallowstotestlargerDMmasses(Bohrradiusscaleswith𝛼)

• Onecanstudystochasticbackgroundsofvariousfields(includingDMwaves)bycross-correlatingnoisesfromdifferentatomicsensors:atomicclocks(scalarDM),atominterferometers(vectorDM).

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Conclusions• Comparisonofultra-stableatomicclocksprovidesanopportunityfordirecttestsoflightdarkmatter.• TimedomainanalysisopensaccesstoanewregionofparameterspacefortheDMmassesandcouplings.• ExistingdataforHg+/Al+ comparisonputsnewlimitsontheDMcouplingintheDMwavebackground.• Networksofatomicsensorscanbeusedforthesearchofthestochasticbackgroundsofnewfields.

ThisworkhasbeendoneundersupervisionofDr.NanYuwithinthesciencestudyoftheACEScollaborationproject.WearegratefultoSlava Turyshev,EricBurt,JasonWilliams,DmitryDuev andAndreiDerevianko forusefulcommentsandsuggestions.

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