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2© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
SEED AND CROP SERVICES - GLOBAL
SGS is recognized as the world’s leading testing, certification, and verification company. SGS founded in 1879, headquartered in Geneva, traded publicly on Swiss exchange
Global reach of SGS – Seed and Crop Soils
• Laboratory Analysis• Precision Agriculture• Fertility Management
Greenhouse & Field Production• Laboratory Analysis & Food Safety
Forage & Feed• Laboratory Analysis
Seeds• Seed Analysis (CND, ISTA, AOSA)
3© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ACCREDITATION - SEED TESTING
Legislation Canada Seeds Act, Seeds Regulations, Weed Seed Order Variety Registration, Seed Certification, PBR legislation
Seed Lab Regulatory Body Accreditor: CFIA SSTS (Seed Sciences and Technology Section) Auditor: CFIA and CSI (Canadian Seed Institute)
Accreditation - Lab SEED LAAP: Seed Laboratory Accreditation and Audit Protocol Accreditation Steps:
• Application, submission of QM, proficiency testing, audit Minimum facility/ asset requirements, Mandatory Documentation
• Issuance of audit report, correction of non-conformances, accreditation
Accreditation - Staff Inhouse Training & CFIA Preparatory Workshops CFIA Examination
4© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
AUDIT - SEED TESTING
Laboratory Audit of Competencies ASLPMP: Accredited Seed Testing Laboratory Proficiency Monitoring
Program. Principled after ISO/IEC Guidelines for 17025.• CSI Audit: 3 year rotation (A,B,C, BMP)• Internal proficiency monitoring: Ongoing• CFIA PT program: 2 panels per year. Rating on Z-Scores
Analyst Audit of Competencies CSAAC (Commercial Seed Analyst Association of Canada)
• Membership status thru continued education points: Workshop, Education• Revoke of CSAAC seal usage
5© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
STANDARD METHODOLOGY- GERMINATION
Defines: Sample Setup - Substrata, Temperature, Duration, Replication Analysis Reporting, Rounding Re-Test Rules
6© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
STANDARD METHODOLOGY - GERMINATION
Analyzing for: Normal Seedlings (A.) Abnormal Seedlings (C.) Fresh Seeds Dead Seeds (B.) Hard Seeds
7© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
DAY 2 DAY 3
Why Fusarium is important!
STANDARD METHODOLOGY- GERMINATION
8© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
Analyzing for: Weeds
• Prohibited, Primary, Secondary, Other• 2017 Modernization
Disease bodies Other Crops
Grade Table Benchmarks Reported
• quantification by analyzed portion• % by weight
STANDARD METHODOLOGY - PURITY
9© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
Analyzing for: Ustilago nuda NON-VISIBLE embryo infection
Grade Table Maximum 2% to seal as Certified #1 (Seed
Grade Tables) unless treated with an registered fungicide
Reported % Infection
STANDARD METHODOLOGY – TRUE LOOSE SMUT
10© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ADVANCED METHODOLOGY - COOL STRESS TEST
PURPOSE: To gain information regarding the overall performance of seeds placed under low temperature stress.
METHOD: AOSA Seed Vigor Workbook, UofM Vigor Publication (E. Stobie). Standards for test conformity.
MEASUREMENT: Vigorous Seedling, Non-Vigorous Seedling, No growth
INSTRUMENTATION: Petri Dish Chill, followed by warm chamber
11© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ADVANCED METHODOLOGY - CLEARFIELD CONFIRM
PURPOSE: To determine the tolerance of the submitted sample to Imazamox herbicide treatment using a seed based germination assay
METHOD: BASF Method
MEASUREMENT: Pass or Fail
INSTRUMENTATION: Growing media. Imazamox herbicide (120g/L). Warm chamber
12© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ADVANCED METHODOLOGY – FUNGAL SCAN
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME IMPORTANCE
PATHOGENIC FUNGI
Cochliobolussativus
Root rot, seedling blight, late stage root rot, Spot Blotch
Reduce stand density and yield potential
Fusarium graminearum
Seedling blight, fusarium head blight, fusarium damaged kernels, vomitoxin contamination
Fusarium spp. Mycotoxin production, root/crown rot
Pyrenophora(Dreschlera) spp.
Tan spot, net blotch (barley)
Septoria spp. Leaf blotch
WEAKLY PATHOGENICFUNGI
Alternaria spp. Black point, smudge Not expected to cause establishment issues, but do impact kernel physical traits
Cladosporium spp. Mildew
Epicoccum spp. Kernel staining
STORAGE FUNGI
Aspergillus spp. Storage mold Pathogens that identify storage issues and seed quality deterioration
Penicillium spp. Storage mold
13© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
CEREAL SEED DISEASESFUSARIUM SPP.
F. AVENACEUM F. CULMORUM
F. POAE F. SPOROTRICHIOIDES
F. GRAMINEARUM
Fusarium spp.
F. graminearum- Seedling blight, fusarium damaged kernels, DON, 3-A DON chemotype increasing. ‘No Detect Policy now changed’. ZON. NIV
F. culmorum – DON, ZON, NIV
F. poae (NIV, HT-2,T2), sporotrichiodes (HT-2, T2)
14© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ADVANCED METHODOLOGY – WHEAT MIDGE REFUGE TESTING
PURPOSE: Additional Certification Requirement. Quantify % refuge seeds in harvested sample from blended seed field.
METHOD: Sub-contracted to SRC.
MEASUREMENT: Based on anticipate pedigree seeking. Select to Certified
REQUIREMENTS: CSGA/Breeder presets % refuge acceptable range. Remedial action if outside of range.
15© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ADVANCED METHODOLOGY – CDC TRIFFID GMOTESTING
WHY: July 2009 - a commercial EU lab detected GM material in Canadian shipment of flax. FP967 received regulatory (1996) and food safety authorization (1996), but not commercialized.
PURPOSE: Detection of FP967 event
METHOD: RT-PCR (extraction, amplification, target DNA florescence)
MEASUREMENT: Detected or Not Detected (2kgs)
INDUSTRY RESPONSE: Re-Constitution in 2014
16© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ADVANCED METHODOLOGY - SEED TREATMENT TESTING
DUST OFF
PURPOSE: Quantify dust removed when standardized air flow passed through treated seed sample
METHOD: Global method
MEASUREMENT: mg/100 g seed
INSTRUMENTATION: Heubach Digital Scale: 5 digits
17© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ADVANCED METHODOLOGY – SEED TREATMENT TESTING
ACTIVE INGREDIENT PURPOSE: Measurement of specific active ingredient on treated
seed METHOD: Analytical differential partitioning and quantification MEASUREMENT: g / 100 kg treated seed INSTRUMENTATION:
Sonicator High Performance Liquid Chromatography
18© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ADVANCED METHODOLOGY EXPIDITING INTERNATIONAL SHIPMENTS
ISTA Orange Certificate (OIC) Limited lot size, ISTA sampler
ISTA Blue (BIC)
EU Grading Reports
PURPOSE: Facilitate international shipments based on importing country seed and phytosanitary requirements
METHOD: ISTA and EU Seed Schemes
TESTS Germination % Pure Seed Other Seed Determination Tetrazolium, Moisture, Kernal Size
19© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
ADVANCED METHODOLOGY – GRAINS ANALYTICS
Accredited methods: AACC, AOAC
Assist breeders with new variety testing - from early generation to registration trials
Perform New Harvest Quality Survey for milling and grain companies
Quality assessment of wheat shipments - by vessel or hold Report issued prior to shipment arriving at destination – helps with
planning accordingly (wheat storage, flour ingredients)
20© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
FUTURE SEED DIAGNOSTICS FOR COMMERCIALIZATION
XRAY Difficult to germinate Internal Structure review
AI/MACHINE LEARNING Physical Purity – Remote, Process improvement
REGULATORTY MODERNIZATION Global Alignment of test regulations Transition to Private Sector Replacement of in-field inspections with molecular genetics
21© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
CONSIDERATIONS – UNDERSTANDING SEED QUALITY
In-Season Growing Disease Staging and uniformity
Harvest Pre-harvest herbicide Frost/heat Rain/snow prior Combine speed and fan settings
Storage Handling Seed moisture Seed temperature
Drying Temperature Duration
22© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
• Germination• Purity• Vigor• Kernel Size• Seed Disease• Tetrazolium• ISTA Analysis,
Sampling & Training• APHIS & SICA• Herbicide Bioassays• Varietal Identification• Soil & Tissue Pathology• Dust off & Active Ingr.• Soil Seed Analysis• REGAL
SEED AND CROP SERVICES – CANADA
SHERWOOD PARK GRANDE PRAIRIE
• Germination• Purity• Vigor• Kernel size• Tetrazolium• APHIS• Grade• AOSA focus
• Grasses, Forages, Herbs, Vegetables, Native Species
GUELPH
• Crop Production analysis (Soil, Fertilizer, Manure, Plant Tissue, Water)
• Livestock Nutrition -Forage and feed (NIR/Wet Chemistry)
• Greenhouse (Media, Water, Tissue)
• Nutrient & Disease Scans (Soil, Tissue, Irrigation)
• Companion Animal Food Testing
23© SGS SA 2018 All Rights Reserved
CONTACT US
Holly Gelech Holly.Gelech@sgs.com 780.660.9657 www.biovision.ca Twitter: Seed_Testing Instagam: Sgs_SeedandCrop_Canada
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