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Server Monitoring Training
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© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted
Wipro - IAS
Server Certification
Reference Materials
Disclaimer: This document contains proprietary information of Wipro Ltd – IAS. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, whether electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording
or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Wipro Ltd. – IAS. The information contained herein is confidential to Wipro
Ltd. – IAS and its Service Partners, shall not be distributed to any persons other than those involved in the assessment &
delivery of services. Wipro Ltd. – IAS reserves the right to revise and update this document as and when required. Wipro Ltd. –
IAS reserves the right to withdraw the document excluding customer specific information at the time of termination of services.
All product names referenced herein are trademarks of their respective companies.
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 2 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 2
Topics - Overview
Hardware
• Backup devices
• Basics
• Dell Server
• HP Server
• IBM Server
• Networking
• Storage Basics
• Troubleshooting
• Wipro Servers
Software
• Antivirus
• Linux Server Diag.
• Toolkit
Process
• Care, Handling & Best Practices
• Process Basics
• Server Management
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 3 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 3
Server Hardware Basics
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 4 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 4
What is ESD ?
ESD : Electrostatic discharges
Most severe form of electromagnet interference (EMI).
The following are the most common
causes of ESD:
Moving people
Low humidity (hot and dry conditions)
Improper grounding
Unshielded cables
Poor connections
Moving machines
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 5 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 5
Source of ESD voltage
Typical Electro Static Voltage in KV at a relative humidity of 20%
Walking across Vinyl floor 12 KV
Walking across synthetic carpet 35 KV
Opening a plastic bag 20 KV
Arising from a foam cushion 18 KV
Sliding plastic box on a carpet 18 KV
Removing plastic tape for a PC board 12 KV
Removing shrink film from PC board 12 KV
Triggering a vacuum solder remover 8 KV
Spraying aerosol freezer spray 15 KV
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 6 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 6
Devices Susceptibility to ESD damage
Device type ESD susceptibility
Bipolar transistors 380 to 7000 Volt
CMOS logic devices 250 to 3000 Volt
EPROM devices 100 volt
Film resistors 300 to 3000 Volt
TTL logic devices 1000 to 2500 Volt
Microprocessor chips as low as 10 Volt
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 7 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 7
ESD safe work areas and protective equipment
Workstations where static sensitive equipment is handled must be equipped with the following equipment:
Bench top grounding points ESD protective table top or mat Wrist strap and grounding points Protective clothing, including hair protection ESD safe floor area ESD safe chair Ionized air blower ESD safe containers
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 8 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 8
ESD safe work areas and protective equipment
When repairing equipment out in the field the minimum
equipment to ensure a measure of ESD protection is:
Anti-static conductive mat and grounding cable
Wrist strap and grounding cables
Supply of protective bags and other suitable containers
Field Service Technicians must also wear suitable clothing
and avoid handling objects that can generate dangerous
electrostatic potentials. These objects include non
protective bags and containers, beverage and food
containers, and furniture.
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 9 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 9
10 Point to Avoid ESD Damage
1. Make sure you have a reliable ground point available near the work site
2. Connect your body to the ground point with a wrist strap
3. Ground all equipment you are working on with ground straps
4. Handle PC components only on a grounded anti-static work surface
5. Do not wear clothing which generates static electric charges every time you move
6. Do not handle static generating objects while working on PC hardware
7. Store all chips and other components in appropriate anti-static containers
8. Keep all PC cards in anti-static envelopes until required
9. Be sure to turn off the power and remove the power plug from all equipment before working on it
10.Do not plug in or remove devices such as printers and modems while the power is on
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 10 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 10
Typical antistatic devices
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 11 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 11
Discharging through the power-supply unit
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 12 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 12
Care and Handling - Systems
Use the following guidelines to properly handle and care for your system
Protect the system from extremely low or high temperatures. Let the system warm (or cool) to room temperature before using it.
Keep the system away from magnetic forces.
Keep the system dry. Do not wash the system with a wet cloth or pour fluid into it.
Protect the system from being bumped or dropped.
Check the system for condensation. If condensation exists, allow it to evaporate before powering on the system.
Keep the system away from dust, sand, and dirt.
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 13 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 13
• Near a Properly grounded, three-pronged power outlet for 200-240V
• Clean and relatively free of excess dust
• Well-ventilated and away from sources of heat, with the ventilating openings on the server kept free from obstructions
• Maximum ambient temperature shouldn't exceed 35 oC ( 95 oF)
• Isolated from strong electromagnetic fields and noise caused by electrical devices such as elevators, copy machines, air conditioners, large electric motors, radio and TV transmitters, and high frequency security devices
• Access space provided for handling the cables connected to the server
•Clearance provide for cooling and air flow
Selecting a Sight
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 14 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 14
Server Fundamentals
Backplane board for RAID
Hot Plug Drive bays
Redundant Power Supplies
SMP Motherboard
A server is a multi user computer that runs networked, mission critical applications.
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 15 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 15
Typical Server Motherboard
PCI/ PCI-X 66/100/ 133MHz, 64-
bit Slots
Gigabit Ethernet
4/8 DDR DIMM
Sockets
Ultra 320
SCSI
Ultra 320
SCSI
PCI, 32-bit /
33MHz Slots
Adaptec U320
SCSI Chip
ATI Rage Video
with 4/8MB SGRAM ATI
Rage XL /
Rage IIC
Adaptec
AIC-79xx*
South
Bridge
EMP
Primary
Secondary
BMC
Dual Xeon DP
Processor
North
Bridge
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 16 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 16
Server Architecture - Fundamentals
The Five Pillars of a Server architecture are;
Performance
Reliability
Availability
Manageability
Scalability
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 17 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 17
Performance
The ability to run applications with a reasonable response time for each of the many users.
– Processors (Speed, no of proc)
– High Bandwidth CPU-Memory Bus
– High Bandwidth I/O Bus & Controllers (SCSI,SATA and SAS)
– Memory (Capacity, Speed)
– Operating System Support
– Ethernet (10/100/1000/10000 Mbps)
Implementing Performance
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 18 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 18
Reliability
The ability to perform correctly and consistently
Implementing Reliability
Highly integrated Motherboard
Onboard Disk controller , Ethernet and VGA
Onboard Local and remote management
High integration results in high Reliability – High MTBF(Mean Time Between Failures)
ECC (Error Checking and Correction) Memory
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 19 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 19
Availability
The ability to tolerate different degrees of failure.
Implementing Availability
EMP (Emergency Management Port)
Management Software (ISC LDCM LDSM)
PHP (PCI Hot Plug) Support
Redundant Power Supply
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
Hot Swappable Hard disk
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 20 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 20
Manageability
The feature that enables planning, monitoring and controlling under normal & abnormal conditions of work.
Implementing Manageability
ISM (Intel Server Management) – Local Management
Super Doctor III – Local Management
EMP (Emergency Management Port) – Remote Management
WAC ( Wipro Active Console)
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 21 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 21
Scalability
The ability to perform at the same level when the load is increased.
Implementing Scalability
Max Memory supported
Max PCI / PCI-X / PCI Express slots available
Max processor speed supported
Max no of drives mounting
22 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 22
Essentials of Servers
Feature Technology
Performance CPU/Chipset,Memory
Reliability High Integration, ECC
Availability Fault Detection & Correction
Manageability Local & Remote Management
Scalability Headroom for Growth
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 23
Platform, Technology & RAID
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 24 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 24
Technology Overview
• Processors
• Memory
• Chipset
• Networking
• RAID & HBA
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 25 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 25
Processor Platform & Technology
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 26 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 26
Classification
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 27 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 27
UP / DP / MP
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 28 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 28
EM64T
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 29 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 29
HT – Hyper Threading
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 30 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 30
Dual Core Technology
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 31 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 31
Dual Core with Hyper Threading
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 32 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 32
Quad Core Technology
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 33 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 33
FSB – Front Side Bus
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 34 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 34
AMD Platform - Classification
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 35 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 35
AMD – Integrated Memory Controller
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 36 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 36
AMD – Features
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 37 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 37
AMD – Direct Connect Architecture
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 38 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 38
Intel VT – Virtualization Technology
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 39 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 39
Intel Processor Feature - XD
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 40 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 40
Intel / AMD – Common Features
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 41 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 41
Intel Processor Number Series
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 42 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 42
AMD Processor Number Series
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 43 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 43
Utilities
© 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 44
Memory Platform & Technology
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 45 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 45
DDR - 1
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 46 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 46
DDR –II & Differentiation
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 47 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 47
Comparison
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 48 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 48
FBDIMM
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 49 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 49
FBDIMM – Definition
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 50 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 50
FBDIMM – AMB Technology
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 51 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 51
FBDIMM – Benefits
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 52 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 52
DDR – View
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 53 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 53
DDR 3 – Specifications
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 54 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 54
DDR 3 – A Comparison
© 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 55
DISK SUB SYSTEM
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 56 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 56
SCSI
What is SCSI ?
Advantages of SCSI ?
Major Components of SCSI
Various SCSI Standards
SCSI Connectors / Interface
SAF-TE
SMART
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 57 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 57
Small Computer System Interface
SCSI : Small Computer System Interface
Pronounced scuzzy
Allows Multiple peripheral devices connection
Accessed concurrently, simultaneously, or in sequence, as
needed.
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 58 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 58
What do you gain with SCSI?
Expensive but good.
More versatile Systems.
Free access to use many and good units
It is easy to add Accessories / Drives.
Gives a better performance.
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 59 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 59
Major Components of SCSI
1. Host adapter card containing one controller and a terminator
2. SCSI Bus (also called a SCSI Cable)
3. SCSI compatible peripheral devices (disks, CD-ROM, tapes, etc.)
4. A terminator representing the end of the SCSI bus
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 60 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 60
Major Components of SCSI
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 61 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 61
SCSI is intelligent
SCSI is remarkable in having an intelligent protocol, which assures maximum
utilization of the data transfer. The basis of SCSI is a set of commands Each
individual device holds its own controller, which interprets these commands.
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 62 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 62
SCSI Specifications
Wide Ultra SCSI utilizes a 16-bit bus and can support data transfer rates of up to 40
MB/second. It supports up to 16 agents.
Wide Ultra2 SCSI is a 16-bit bus and can support data transfer rates of up to 80 MB/second. It
can support up to 16 agents – LVD (Low Voltage Differential)
Ultra 160 SCSI is a 16-bit bus and can support data transfer rates of up to 160 MB/second. It
can support up to 16 agents – LVD (Low Voltage Differential)/ SE (Single Ended)
Ultra 320 SCSI is the latest Technology of SCSI Data transfer and it supports data transfer rates
of upto 320 MB/Second
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 63 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 63
50pin narrow connector ( 8bits wide data bus)
68pin wide connector (16bits wide data bus)
Types of SCSI Connectors
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 64 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 64
Types of SCSI Connectors
68pin VHDCI connector (external 16bits wide data bus))
80pin connector
(internal 16bits wide data bus).
80pin connectors are mainly for hot swappable feature
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 65 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 65
SATA
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 66 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 66
SAS
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 67 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 67
SAS
A typical Serial Attached SCSI system would consist of the following basic components: An Initiator is a device that originates device service and task management requests to be processed by a target device and receives responses for the same requests from other target devices. Initiators may be provided as an on-board component on the motherboard (as is the case with many server-oriented motherboards) or as an add-on host bus adapter. A Target is a device containing logical units and target ports that receives device service and task management requests for processing and sends responses for the same requests to initiator devices. A target device could be a hard disk or a disk array system. A Service Delivery Subsystem is the part of an I/O system that transmits information between an initiator and a target. Typically cables connecting an initiator and target with or without expanders constitute a service delivery subsystem. Expanders are devices that are part of a service delivery subsystem and facilitate communication between SAS devices. It facilitates connection of multiple SAS End devices to a single initiator port.
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 68 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 68
SAS
SAS and SATA Connector Compatibility
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 69 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 69
Solid-state drive
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 70 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 70
A solid-state drive (SSD) is a data storage device that uses
solid-state memory to store persistent data. Unlike flash-
based memory
cards and USB flash drives, an SSD emulates a hard disk drive
interface, thus easily replacing it in most applications. An SSD
using SRAM or DRAM (instead of flash memory)
is often called a RAM-drive.
Solid-state drive
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 71 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 71
Solid-state drive features
An SSD is commonly composed of either DRAM volatile memory or
NAND flash nonvolatile memory.
They are often packaged in standard disk drive form factors (1.8-inch,
2.5-inch, and 3.5-inch).
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 72 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 72
Solid-state drive advantages
Faster start-up, as no spin-up is required (RAM & Flash).
Typically, fast random access for reading, as there is no read/write head to move
(RAM & Flash).
· Extremely low read latency times, as SSD seek-times are orders of magnitude
lower than the best current hard disk drives. (RAM) In applications where hard
disk seeks are the limiting factor, this results in faster boot and application launch
times (RAM &Flash).
· Extremely fast write (RAM, nearly the same for best modern flash).
· No noise: a lack of moving parts makes SSDs completely silent, unless, as in the
case of some high-end and high-capacity models, they have cooling fans attached
(RAM & Flash).
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 73 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 73
Difference between SSD & HDD
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 74 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 74
HBA Comparison
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 75
System I/O
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 76 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 76
PCI Overview
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 77 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 77
PCI - X Overview
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 78 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 78
PCI -X View
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 79 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 79
PCI Keying
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 80 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 80
PCI Express (PCI-e)
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 81 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 81
PCI-e Interconnect
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 82 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 82
PCI Express - View
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 83 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 83
Comparison Table
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 84 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 84
Server Platform Chipset
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 85 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 85
Definition & Example
A set of chips that provides the interfaces between all of the PC's subsystems. It provides the buses and electronics to allow the CPU, memory and input/output devices to interact. Most Intel chipsets, which are contained on two to four chips, also include built-in EIDE support. In the past, Intel used the name "Triton" for its chipsets. It also used the name PCI set for PCI-based chipsets. Desktop Chipset:810/845/845GV/865/910/945G/Q35 Server Chipset Family:3000/5000/7000
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 86 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 86
Chipset Comparison Logical Diagram
3000 Family 5000 Family 7000 Family
© 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 87
Redundant Array of Independent Disks
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 88 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 88
Raid Types
• Host Raid / Firmware Raid
•SATA
•SAS
•SCSI
• ROMB
• ZCR
• PCI / PCI-X / PCI –E Raid
• How to
• Best Practice
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 89 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 89
RAID 1
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 90 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 90
RAID 1
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 91 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 91
RAID 0
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 92 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 92
RAID 0
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 93 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 93
RAID 5
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 94 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 94
RAID 5
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 95 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 95
RAID 10
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 96 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 96
RAID 10
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 97 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 97
RAID 6
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 98 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 98
RAID 6
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 99 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 99
RAID LEVELS COMPARISON
© 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 100
Wipro Netpower Servers
101 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 101
Wipro Nomenclature
Net Power - Z 2 5 XX
Proc Type No. of Procs Form Factor
Z = Xeon 1 = Uni Proc 1 = 1U
O = Opteron 2 = Dual Proc 2 = 2U
I = Itanium 4 = Multi Proc 4 = 4U
5 = Tower
6 = Blades
102 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 102
Wipro Models
Uni-Processor
Z1502
Z1505
O1101
Dual Processor
Z2501R
Z2503R
Z2108
Z2204
Z2601
O2501
O2502
Quad Processor
Z4402
O4401
O4402
103 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 103
NP Z1502(Entry Level)
104 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 104
NP Z1502
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NP Z1502
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NP Z1502
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NP Z2102
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NP Z2102
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NP Z2102
110 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 110
NP Z2501
111 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 111
NP Z2501
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NP Z2503
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NP Z2503
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NP Z2502
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NP Z2502
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NP Z2502
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NP Z2502
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Wipro 4 Way servers – Z4402
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Wipro Blade Server - WNB 1400
Blade Server Chassis
Compute Blades
Blade Management
Module
Fiber Channel Switch
Module
Ethernet Switch Module
Fiber Expansion Cards
Ethernet Expansion Card
Deployment Manager
120 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 120
NetPower Z1505: Uni Processor Server
CPU
– Intel® Quad Core 2.4 GHz (X3220) with 8 MB &
1066 MHz Motherboard
– Intel® 3200 Board Memory: 2 x 2GB DDR2 667 MHz Unbuff ECC
HDD
– 2 x 146GB 15K RPM 3.5” SAS HDD
– 4 Hot Swap HDD cage RAID Card
– 4 Port SAS Controller with Host RAID 0 & 1 620 Watts (1+1) Redundant Power Supply
121 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 121
NetPower Z2501R: Dual Processor Server
CPU
– Intel® Quad Core 2.33 GHz (E5410) with 12 MB
& 1333 MHz Motherboard
– Intel® 5000V Board Memory: 4 x 2GB DDR2 667 MHz Reg ECC
HDD
– 4 x 146GB/300GB 15K RPM 3.5” SAS HDD
– 4 x Hot swap HDD Cage RAID Cards
– 8 Port SAS RAID Controller with 512 MB cache 620 Watts (1+1) Redundant Power Supply
122 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 122
NetPower Z2215: Dual Processor Server
NetPower Z2215: Dual Processor Server
CPU
– Intel® Quad Core 3.0 GHz (E5472) with 12 MB &
1600 MHz Chipset
– Intel® 5400 Chipset Memory: 4 x 4GB DDR2 667 MHz Reg ECC
HDD
– 5 x300G 15K RPM 3.5” SAS HDD RAID Cards
– 8 Port SAS RAID Controller with 512 MB cache
123 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 123
NetBlade 1600
Chassis
– (2+2) 1000 Watts Redundant Power Supply
– 5 x 300 GB 2.5‟‟ 10K RPM
– 1 x Storage Controller (Optional Redundant
Controller)
– 1 x Ethernet Switch ( Optional Redundant Switch) Compute Blade Z2601
CPU
– Intel® Quad Core 2.33 GHz (E5410) with 12 MB
& 1333 MHz Motherboard
– Intel® 5000P board Memory: 4 x 4 GB DDR2 667 MHz Reg ECC
124 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 124
CPU
Intel® Quad Core 2.66 GHz (X3450) with 8 MB Motherboard
Intel® 3420 Board
Memory: 2 x 2GB DDR3 1066 MHz Unreg ECC
HDD
2 x 146GB 15K RPM 3.5” SAS HDD
4 Hot Swap HDD cage
RAID Card
4 Port SAS Controller with Host RAID 0 & 1
620 Watts (1+1) Redundant Power Supply
NetPower Z1530: Nehalem-Uni Processor Server
125 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 125
CPU
Intel® Quad Core 2.0 GHz (E5504) with 4 MB cache & 4.8 GT/sec QPI
Intel® Quad Core 2.4GHz (E5530) with 8 MB cache & 5.86 GT/sec QPI
Motherboard
Intel® 5500 Board
Memory: 4 x 2GB DDR3 1066 MHz UnReg ECC
HDD
2 x 146GB 15K RPM 3.5” SAS HDD
4 Hot Swap HDD cage
RAID Card
4 Port SAS Controller with Host RAID 0 & 1
700 Watts Single Power Supply
NetPower Z2531: Nehalem-Dual Processor Server
126 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 126
CPU
Intel® Quad Core 2.0 GHz (E5504) with 4 MB cache & 4.8 GT/sec QPI
Intel® Quad Core 2.4GHz (E5530) with 8 MB cache & 5.86 GT/sec QPI
Chipset
Intel® 5520 Chipset
Memory: 4 x 4GB DDR3 1066 MHz Reg ECC
HDD
5 x300G 15K RPM 3.5” SAS HDD
RAID Cards
8 Port SAS RAID Controller with 512 MB cache
NetPower Z2243: Nehalem based Dual Processor Server
127 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 127
NetPower Models based on Intel 5500 Chipset
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Wipro NetPower Z2531
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5500 chipset
Memory Capacity 8 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-32 GB Memory Exp. Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz (4+4 Configuration)
Channel-Independent Mode/ Channel-Mirroring Mode
Demand Scrubbing Mode/ Patrol Scrubbing Mode
Disk Controller 6 SATA/SATA-II ports (3Gbps) with Intel® Embedded Server RAID Technology (0,1,10) with optional RAID 5
Expansion Slots
2 half-length PCIe2 x8 slot/ 1 half-length PCIe2 x4 slot (x8 connector)
1 half-length PCIe1 x4 slot / 1 half-length PCI 32/33 5V slot
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet
Power Supply Single 700 Watts/ Redundant 750 Watts (2+1)
Management iBMC with IPMI 2.0 support for remote management Intel® System Management Software 2.0 with Intel RMM3 upgrade option
129 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 129
Wipro NetPower Z2541
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5500 chipset
Memory Capacity 6 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-24 GB Memory Exp. Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz (3+3 Configuration) Memory Mirroring Supported
Disk Controller 6 SATA/SATA-II ports (3Gbps) supporting RAID levels 0,1,10 with optional RAID 5
Expansion Slots
2 PCIe2 x8 slot/ 1 PCIe2 x4 slot
1 PCIe1 x4 slot / 2 PCI 33 MHz slot
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet
Power Supply Single 700 Watts/ Redundant 750 Watts (2+1)
Management Super Doctor III-Optional IPMI 2.0 with Dedicated LAN for Remote Management
130 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 130
Wipro NetPower Z2141
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5500 chipset
Memory Capacity 6Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-24 GB Memory Exp. Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz (3+3 Configuration) Memory Mirroring Supported
Disk Controller 6 SATA/SATA-II ports (3Gbps) supporting RAID levels 0,1,10 with optional RAID 5
Hard Disk Drive Bays 4 x 3.5’’ Hot swap SAS/ SATA
Expansion Slots
2 Full height half-length I/O slot
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet
Power Supply Single 520 Watts High Efficiency
Management Super Doctor III-Optional IPMI 2.0 with Dedicated LAN for Remote Management
1U Rack Mount
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Wipro NetPower Z2542
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5500 chipset
Memory Capacity 6 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-24 GB Memory Exp. Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz (3+3 Configuration) Memory Mirroring Supported
Disk Controller LSI 1068E 8 Port SAS Controller supporting RAID levels 0,1,10 with optional RAID 5
Expansion Slots
2 PCIe2 x8 slot/ 1 PCIe2 x4 slot
1 PCIe1 x4 slot / 2 PCI 33 MHz slot
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet
Power Supply Single 700 Watts/ Redundant 750 Watts (2+1)
Management Super Doctor III –Optional IPMI 2.0 with Dedicated LAN for Remote Management
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NetPower Models based on Intel 5520 Chipset
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Wipro NetPower Z2533
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5520 chipset
Memory Capacity 12 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-96 GB Memory Exp.
Six Channel Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz Channel-Independent Mode/ Channel-Mirroring Mode Demand Scrubbing Mode/ Patrol Scrubbing Mode
Disk Controller 6 SATA/SATA-II ports (3Gbps) with Intel® Embedded Server RAID Technology (0,1,10) with optional RAID 5
Expansion Slots
1 PCIe2 x8 slot (x16 mechanical)/ 3 PCIe2 x8 slot (x8 mechanical)
1 PCIe x4 slot (x8 mechanical shared w/optional SAS module)/1 PCI 32/33 5V slot
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet with Intel® Virtualization Technology
Power Supply Single 700 Watts/ Redundant 750 Watts (2+1)
Management iBMC with IPMI 2.0 support for remote management Intel® System Management Software 2.0 with Intel RMM3 upgrade option
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Wipro NetPower Z2543
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5520 chipset
Memory Capacity 12 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-96 GB Memory Exp. Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz-Memory Mirroring Supported
Disk Controller 6 SATA/SATA-II ports (3Gbps) supporting RAID levels 0,1,10 with optional RAID 5
Expansion Slots
2 PCIe2 x16 slot/ 2 PCIe2 x8 slot
1 PCIe1 x4 slot / 2 PCI 33 MHz slot
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet supporting Intel® I/OAT3/ VMDq support for better Virtualization support
Power Supply Single 700 Watts/ Redundant 750 Watts (2+1)
Management Super Doctor III-Optional IPMI 2.0 with Dedicated LAN for Remote Management
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Wipro NetPower Z2544
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5520 chipset
Memory Capacity 12 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-96 GB Memory Exp. Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz-Memory Mirroring Supported
Disk Controller LSI 1068E 8 Port SAS Controller supporting RAID levels 0,1,10 with optional RAID 5
Expansion Slots
3 PCIe2 x8 slot/
1 PCIe1 x4 slot / 2 PCI 33 MHz slot
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet supporting Intel® I/OAT3/ VMDq support for better Virtualization support
Power Supply Single 700 Watts/ Redundant 750 Watts (2+1)
Management Super Doctor III-Optional IPMI 2.0 with Dedicated LAN for Remote Management
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Wipro NetPower Z2135
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5520 chipset
Memory Capacity 12 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-96 GB Memory Exp.
Six Channel Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz
Disk Controller 6 SATA/SATA-II ports (3Gbps) with Intel® Embedded Server RAID Technology (0,1,10)-Optional SAS Disk Drives
Hard Disk Drive Bays 6 Nos. of 2.5’’ optional expandability to 8 Nos. of Disk drive Bays
Expansion Slots
1 Full Height PCIe2 x16 slot/ 1 I/O Exp Module PCIex8
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet with Intel® Virtualization Technology
Power Supply Single 650 Watts/ Optional-Redundant 650 Watts (1+1)
Management iBMC with IPMI 2.0 support for remote management Intel® System Management Software 2.0 with Intel RMM3 upgrade option
1U Rack Mount
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Wipro NetPower Z2143
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5520 chipset
Memory Capacity 12 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-96 GB Memory Exp.
Six Channel Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz
Disk Controller 6 SATA/SATA-II ports (3Gbps) supporting RAID levels 0,1,10 with optional RAID 5 –SAS Disks Optional
Hard Disk Drive Bays Options of 4 x 3.5’’& 8 x 2.5’’ Hot swap SAS Disk drive Bays
Expansion Slots
1 Full Height & Full Length
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet supporting Intel® I/OAT3/ VMDq support for better Virtualization support
Power Supply Options of Single 560 Watts or Redundant 650 Watts (1+1)
Management Super Doctor III-Optional IPMI 2.0 with Dedicated LAN for Remote Management
1U-4 x 3.5’’SAS & Single 560 Watts
1U-8 x 2.5’’SAS & RPS 650 Watts
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Wipro NetPower Z2235
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5520 chipset
Memory Capacity 12 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-96 GB Memory Exp.
Six Channel Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz
Disk Controller Active Midplane 2 Board with SAS Controller-Optional HW RAID
Hard Disk Drive Bays 8 Nos. of 2.5’’ options of fixed 2.5’’ HDDs or SATA Tape Drive
Expansion Slots
One full height+low profile PCI Express* 2.0 riser card
(up to 5 PCIe 2.0 x8 slots)
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet with Intel® Virtualization Technology
Power Supply Single 750 Watts/ Optional-Redundant 750 Watts (1+1)
Management iBMC with IPMI 2.0 support for remote management Intel® System Management Software 2.0 with Intel RMM3 upgrade option
2U Rack Mount
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Wipro NetPower Z2243
Processor Support Intel® Xeon® Processor 5500 series-Dual CPU capable
Chipset Intel®5520 chipset
Memory Capacity 12 Un-buffered/Registered DIMM slots-96 GB Memory Exp.
Six Channel Native DDR-3 at 800/1066/1333MHz
Disk Controller 6 SATA/SATA-II ports (3Gbps) supporting RAID levels 0,1,10 with optional RAID 5 –SAS Disks Optional
Hard Disk Drive Bays 8 x 3.5’’ Hot swap SAS Disk drive Bays
Expansion Slots
2 PCIe2 x16 slot/ 2 PCIe2 x8 slot/ 1 PCIe1 x4 slot / 2 PCI 33 MHz slot
Ethernet Dual Intel® Gigabit Ethernet supporting Intel® I/OAT3/ VMDq support for better Virtualization support
Power Supply Options of Single 560 Watts or Redundant 720 Watts (1+1)
Management Super Doctor III-Optional IPMI 2.0 with Dedicated LAN for Remote Management
2U-8 x 3.5’’SAS & Single 560 Watts
2U-8 x 3.5’’SAS & RPS 720 Watts
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NetPower based on 5500 Chipset
Tower Z2501R Z2531
Tower
Z2502 Z2541
1U Rack Z2118 Z2141
Tower
N.A Z2542
NetPower based on 5520 Chipset
Tower
Z2511R Z2533/
Z2543
Tower
Z2503/
Z2504
Z2544
1U Rack
Z2108 Z2135/
Z2143
2 U Rack Z2204 Z2235/
Z2243
Summary
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Please refer below link for more Wipro Net power product details
http://www.wipro.in/Products
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IBM Servers
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Agenda
IBM Server Overview
Main Components- ServeRaid
Installing IBM Servers
Troubleshooting IBM Servers
Updating Drivers & Firmware Codes
Support Links
Before you Escalate
Standard Testing Procedure
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IBM Server Overview
IBM xSeries/SystemX continues to leverage decades of experience in designing, building, and supporting servers to provide the most innovative industry standard servers in the market today. Starting with our x-Architecture Blueprint we delivered innovations like LightPath Diagnostics, Extended PFA, Integrated Service Processor, Software Rejuvenation, etc…
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IBM Server Overview
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Major Components- ServeRaid
ServeRaid is IBM nomenclature for IBM Raid Controllers. There are different types of ServeRaid controllers available which includes, Host Raid, ZCR, SCSI, SATA/SAS.
Below is table of commonly used ServeRaid models and its connection type for reference.
4L 4Lx 4M 4Mx 4H 5i 6M 6i/6i+ 7t 7e 7k 8e 8i 8k-l 8k
SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SATA SCSISATA
SCSI SAS SATA
SAS SATA
SAS SATA
SAS SATA
MR10M MR10k MR10i MR10il MR10is MR10ie BR10i BR10il M1015 M5014
SAS SATA
SAS SAS SATA
SAS SATA
SAS SATA
SAS SAS SATA
SAS SATA
SAS SATA
SAS SATA
For full range of ServeRaid controller & its compatibility with picture can be found on the link given below. It also consists full technical details as supported raid level, Voltage, Bus etc.
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks.nsf/RedbookAbstracts/tips0054.html?Open
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Installing IBM Servers
IBM Server Guide IBM Server Guide is a tool that simplifies the process of installing and configuring IBM System x and Blade Center servers. Server Guide goes beyond mere hardware configuration by assisting with the automated installation of Windows server operating systems, device drivers and other system components, with minimal user intervention. The goal of Server Guide is to simplify and shorten installation. The built-in intelligence of Server Guide recognizes machine types and models as well as Serve RAID adapters and other hardware criteria. Based on the gathered hardware information, Server Guide offers installation and configuration choices tailored to your system. To Use it only we need to boot with server guide CD and follow the instruction. IBM Server Guide Can Be downloaded from IBM site. Support link has been given in last slides of this training module. Note: Installation from Server Guide CD will erase all existing data on the server, should not be used if required to format only one partition on raid subsystem.
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Troubleshooting IBM servers
Standard Methods of Troubleshooting IBM Servers
• POST error messages and error logs which can be viewed using DSA or on system startup.
• System error LED and Light Path diagnostics
• F2 Diagnostics/Enhanced Diagnostic CD
•Diagnostic programs error messages – DSA
We can use BMC/ISMP/IPMI/RSA logs to analyze problem with the server hardware. All these logs can be collected through DSA on condition that Management controller (BMC/ISMP/IPMI/RSA etc.) is properly installed/updated on the system OS while trying to collect DSA logs on top of OS.
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Troubleshooting IBM servers Contd…
System error LED & Light Path Diagnostics System error LED & Light Path Diagnostics
System Error LED
Information LED
• Light Path panel is visible from the front of the unit.
This revolutionary technology helps expedite repairs and minimize downtime by quickly and clearly identifying those components that need maintenance. You are alerted to problems via an indicator light on the front of the server.
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Troubleshooting IBM servers contd…
To troubleshoot hardware problems IBM has inbuilt (as a bootable CD in old systems) system utility called F2 Diagnostics. We can check system health using this tool. It includes all hardware test included in base system.
To run F2 Diagnosis follow below mentioned steps:
•Boot from Enhanced Diagnosis CD or press F2 when the message F2 for Diagnostics is displayed. •Select either Extended or Basic from the top of the screen. •From the diagnostic screen, select the test you want to run from the list and then follow all instructions.
It will show the result as passed or with some error codes. On hardware related errors troubleshoot with the troubleshooting information from the below link : http://www-947.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/selectproduct?taskind=1&brandind=5000008&taskind=2
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Troubleshooting IBM servers contd…
F2 Diagnostics Snap
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Troubleshooting IBM servers contd…
Using IBM Dynamic System Analysis (DSA)
IBM Dynamic System Analysis (DSA) collects and analyzes system information to aid in diagnosing system problems. Additionally, DSA creates a merged log that allows users to easily identify cause-and-effect relationships from different log sources in the system. DSA also compares device driver and firmware on the system. DSA Portable: DSA Portable Edition runs from the command prompt on a supported system without altering any system files or system settings. It expands to temporary space on the target system, runs, and deletes all intermediate files after execution completes.
DSA Installable: DSA Installable Edition provides a permanent installation of DSA onto a system. This installation shares a similar command prompt interface with the portable edition.
DSA Bootable: DSA Bootable can be created by ISO downloaded from IBM Site to boot from the same on unavailability of OS.
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Troubleshooting IBM servers contd…
Using IBM Dynamic System Analysis (DSA)
To Run DSA Follow below steps: Installable edition: Go to StartProgramsIBMDSA Portable Edition: Click on the exe file downloaded as IBM Director Portable Edition. Bootable edition: Boot from the CD. It will auto start and will ask to View/Save the logs. Save in external media (e.g. FDD, USB Stick)
After running DSA (Installable or Portable) logs will be saved in folder c:\IBM_Support\ with system serial number time e.g. 8648IBS_99BAXM1_20080930-183757.xml.gz or 8648IBS_99BAXM1_20080930-183757.zip. Logs will be saved in both .zip and .xml format. Zip folder can be extracted and opening file index.html will show logs in web format. Files with .xml extension needs to be extracted only on the systems where DSA is installed by using following command. This will also save the file in c:\IBM_Support folder with above specified file name format.
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Updating IBM servers Drivers & Codes
Using IBM Update Express CD/ Manually
IBM UpdateXpress can help reduce your cost of computing by providing an effective and simple way to update device drivers, server firmware and firmware of supported options contained within the server on most of your System x and BladeCenter products. If you have purchased an IBM server, UpdateXpress is available for download at no additional charge. IBM Update Xpress is ISO downloadable and very easy to update the server with minimal user intervention. We need to boot from the CD and choose components we want to update. This CD automatically recognize server type and updates the codes accordingly. It minimizes wrong updating of codes.
Important points to be considered before updating codes: •There may be some latest updates for particular server equipments. Need to cross verify on IBM site for latest updates and update it manually. Please read readme file before updating firmware codes to ensure all prerequisites. •Ensure to install latest device drivers first before updating firmware codes on a server. Drivers also can be updated with UpdateXpress CD. •To check & download UpdateXpress compatibility and version list visit below mentioned site: http://www-304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=SERV-XPRESS&brandind=5000008
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IBM Server Support Links
IBM System x Warranty Lookup:
http://www-947.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/warrantyform?brandind=5000008
Software & Device Drivers:
http://www-304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=JBAR-3WTLGA&brandind=5000008
IBM DSA:
http://www-304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=SERV-DSA&brandind=5000008
IBM ServeRaid Software
http://www-947.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=SERV-RAID&brandind=5000008
IBM Server Guide
http://www-947.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=SERV-GUIDE&brandind=5000008
Support for IBM Systems Management
https://www-304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/selectproduct?brandind=5000016&taskind=2
Problem Determination and Service Guide index – Servers
https://www-304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=MIGR-40462&brandind=5000008
Parts documents by server family (index) – Servers
https://www-304.ibm.com/systems/support/supportsite.wss/docdisplay?lndocid=MIGR-48RPEJ&brandind=5000008
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Before You Escalate
You must have below mentioned information handy to get required help exploring IBM site:
Machine Product family (e.g. IBM x345)
Machine Type number (IBM 4 digit machine identifier e.g. 8840)
Machine model number (32x)
Machine Serial number (7 Digit Serial Number)
Verify your warranty status - This data will assist IBM in quickly providing a solution to your issue, and ensuring you receive the appropriate level service for which may have contracted. Warranty Status you can check with IBM Site “Warranty lookup” .
IBM Toll Free: 1800-425-6666
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Before You Escalate
Apart from system information you should have the following tools ready for diagnosing IBM Servers.
If OS Live and running:
•Latest IBM DSA Installed.
•Management Processor driver properly installed with Mapping layer if applicable .
•Latest Serve Raid Manager Installed .
•Enhanced Diagnostic CD (For systems not having F2 Diagnosis inbuilt)
If OS not running:
•IBM DSA 3.0 Bootable CD.
•Enhanced Diagnostic CD (For systems not having F2 Diagnosis inbuilt).
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Standard Testing Procedure
Basic Diagnostic: - a. Check the Front panel for errors. b. Check the LPD panel for Errors. c. Check the Beep codes. d. Check the Component LED’s for Errors. e. Check for Cable loose connections & Switches etc. Extended Diagnostic: - a. Press NMI Switch and try b. Reset BIOS to defaults c. Reseat memory and add-ons. d. Start server with minimum configuration to identify the faulty component.
No Power, No Display
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Standard Testing Procedure
a. Replace the Spare identified, if any b. Take DSA Reports and analyze – Pre-update DSA c. Run F2 Diagnostics. d. Check System event log and Diagnostic log for errors. e. Update drivers, BIOS and Firmware – (Optional if there is no error reported in System Event log, DSA Log and Diagnostic Log.) f. Take DSA Report and analyze the results – Post-update DSA g. Run Standard peripherals test. i. CD / DVD – Read , Floppy Drive – Read & Write ii. Tape Drives – Read & Write. iii. Network – Ping to Gateway iv. External Storage access – Drive access v. Save and Clear the Existing Hardware event logs. Tools and Utilities Required: DSA Utility IBM Update Express CD - Reference Documents: IBM Server Hardware Maintenance Manual
Resolution & Functionality Check
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Standard Testing Procedure
Basic Diagnostic: - a. Identify the Error from Error message b. Check the Error / POST Codes c. Check the System Event Log through F2 Diagnostics. d. Check the Front panel for errors. e. Check the LPD panel for Errors. f. Check the Beep codes. g. Check the Component LED’s for Errors. Extended Diagnostic: - a. Reset BIOS to defaults b. Update System BIOS & Firmware using update express c. Start server with Minimum Configuration and identify the faulty component.
Error on POST or Not Booting
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Standard Testing Procedure
a. Replace the Spare identified, if any b. Take DSA Reports and analyze – Pre-update DSA c. Run F2 Diagnostics. d. Check System event log and Diagnostic log for errors. e. Update drivers, BIOS and Firmware – (Optional if there is no error reported in System Event log, DSA Log and Diagnostic Log.) f. Take DSA Report and analyze the results – Post-update DSA g. Run Standard peripherals test. i. CD / DVD – Read , Floppy Drive – Read & Write ii. Tape Drives – Read & Write. iii. Network – Ping to Gateway iv. External Storage access – Drive access v. Save and Clear the Existing Hardware event logs. Tools and Utilities Required: DSA Utility IBM Update Express CD
Resolution & Functionality Check
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Standard Testing Procedure
Basic Diagnostic: - a. Diagnose through DSA Log b. Run IBM diagnostics c. Run OS Stress tests d. Check the Front panel for errors. e. Check the LPD panel for Errors. f. Check the Component LED’s for Errors. Extended Diagnostic: - a. Update Drivers , BIOS and Firmware b. Check OS Patches and updates c. Observe system performance d. Eliminate present installed OS.
Issues after OS Boot.
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Standard Testing Procedure
Resolution & Functionality Check a. Replace the Spare identified, if any b. Take DSA Reports and analyze – Pre-update DSA c. Run F2 Diagnostics / IBM Diagnostics d. Check System event log and Diagnostic log for errors. e. Update drivers, BIOS and Firmware – (Optional if there is no error reported in System Event log, DSA Log and Diagnostic Log.) f. Take DSA Report and analyze the results – Post-update DSA g. Run Standard peripherals test. i. CD / DVD – Read , Floppy Drive – Read & Write ii. Tape Drives – Read & Write. iii. Network – Ping to Gateway iv. External Storage access – Drive access v. Save and Clear the Existing Hardware event logs. Tools and Utilities Required: DSA Utility IBM Update Express CD
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Standard Testing Procedure
Raid & HDD related issues
Basic Diagnostic: - a. Diagnose through Raid manager ( From Installed Raid Manager , ServRaid Manager CD or IPSCEND Utility ) b. Diagnose through Raid Log ( DSA or Dump Log ) Extended Diagnostic: - a. Run Stress tools and try to simulate ( SQL IO Stress , HP Data creator , Multiple DD commands in Linux / Unix) b. Update Raid Driver & Firmware, Backplane Firmware & HDD Firmware, and then Observe. Resolution & Functionality Check: - a. Replace the Spare identified, if any b. Update Raid Card Drivers and then Firmware, if the replaced spare is Raid Card. c. Update backplane Firmware d. Run a disk subsystem stress tool like SQL IO Stress / HP Data creator / Multiple DD Commands.
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Standard Testing Procedure
e. Take the Raid Logs after stress test and analyze. f. Ensure there is no predictive failure in any HDD, through raid manager / dumplogs. g. Run DSA and confirm there is no error. h. Run Standard peripherals test. i. CD / DVD – Read , Floppy Drive – Read & Write ii. Tape Drives – Read & Write. iii. Network – Ping to Gateway iv. External Storage access – Drive access i. Save and Clear existing event logs Tools and Utilities Required: DSA IBM Update Express CD IBM ServRaid Manager HP Data Creator and Reader
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Standard Testing Procedure
Server Health Check Basic Health Check : - a. Visual Inspection for bend , dent, breakage etc.. b. Open the Server and ensure the components and add-ons are fixed properly c. Power on and check for Display d. Check LED’s and LPD Panel for Errors e. Run F2 Diagnostics. f. Check System event log and Diagnostic log for errors. g. Update drivers, BIOS and Firmware – (Optional if there is no error reported in System Event log and Diagnostic Log. & Must for the new systems @ Logistics ) h. Configure Raid – If raid card is available and not configured already. i. Load Supported Windows / Linux OS - If OS is not loaded already.. j. Take DSA Report and analyze the results for errors and predictive failure. k. Run Standard peripherals test. i. CD / DVD – Read , Floppy Drive – Read & Write ii. Tape Drives – Read & Write. iii. Network – Ping to Gateway
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Standard Testing Procedure
l. Install IBM Director and run Real time diagnostics m. Run Stress test for CPU/Memory Subsystem – Linpack can be used directly on Linux servers and for Windows Servers, boot from KNOPIXX Linux CD and run the Linpack from HDD or PEN drive. n. Run Microsoft memory Diagnostics - Windiag o. Run Stress test for Disk Subsystem – HP Data Creator & Reader / SQL IO etc p. Save and Clear the existing Event logs Tools and Utilities Required: DSA IBM Update Express & ServRaid Manager HP Data Creator and Reader Intel Linpack for Windows and Linux Windiag utility – ( Img & ISO file available in Internal KB site )
Extended Health Check
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Dell Server Training
© 2010 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 169 © 2010 Wipro Ltd - Internal & Restricted 169
Agenda
Dell Server Overview
Major Components- PERC Controller
Installing Dell Server
Troubleshooting & Diagnostic
Support & Manuals
Standard Testing Procedure
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Dell Server Overview
PowerEdge Server Product Range
PE Rack Server PE Tower Server PE SC Server
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Dell Server Overview
350
650
8450
7150
2550
2450
2650
6350
6450
6650
1655MC
2850 6850
750
7250
850
1855MC
3250
1550
1650
1750
1850
2950
1955
1950
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Dell Server Overview
2300
830
800
2400
2500
2600
4300
4400
4600
6300
6400
6600
6800
2900 6900
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Major Components- PERC Controller
PERC is Dell nomenclature for its RAID controller. Among the standard hardware components of a server, Dell is having proprietary PowerEdge-specific PERC (PowerEdge Expandable RAID Controller). The related software in the PERC Fault Management Suite offers facilities such as the Background Patrol read, which aims to fix bad sectors on online RAID disks running under some of the more recent PERC controllers. Below is the table for different PERC controller model and connection type and chipset used.
Controller Chipset Connection Type Array Support
PERC -II AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI Refer Manual
PERC -2 ADAPTEC SCSI 0,1,5,10
PERC 2/DC AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI Refer Manual
PERC 2/SC AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI Refer Manual
PERC 2/SI ADAPTEC SCSI 0,1,5,10
PERC 3/SC AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 3/QC AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
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Major Components- PERC Controller
Controller Chipset Connection Type Array Support
PERC 3/DC AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 3/DCL AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 3/DI ADAPTEC SCSI 0,1,5,10
PERC 3/SI ADAPTEC SCSI 0,1,5,10
PERC 4/SC AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 4/DC AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 4e/DC AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 4/SI AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 4/DI AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 4e/SI AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 4e/DI AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI 0,1,5,10,50
PERC 5/I AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI Refer Manual
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Major Components- PERC Controller
Controller Chipset Connection Type Array Support
PERC 5/E AMI/LSI LOGIC SCSI Refer Manual
SAS 5/I AMI/LSI LOGIC SAS Refer Manual
SAS 5/E AMI/LSI LOGIC SAS Refer Manual
SAS 6/I AMI/LSI LOGIC SAS Refer Manual
SAS 6/E AMI/LSI LOGIC SAS 0,1,5,6,10,50,60
PERC 6/I (Intg) AMI/LSI LOGIC SAS 0,1,5,6,10,50,60
PERC 6/E AMI/LSI LOGIC SAS 0,1,5,6,10,50,60
SAS 5/IR AMI/LSI LOGIC SAS 0,1
SAS 6/IR AMI/LSI LOGIC SAS 0,1
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Installing Dell Server
As other MNC servers, best way to deploy new Dell server is using Dell Server Assistant CD. This CD comes along with the server. Dell Server Assistant (DSA) delivers simple, automated deployment to help you minimize the time to value of your IT infrastructure. Shipped with every Dell PowerEdge server, this bootable, stand-alone CD-ROM guides you quickly through system setup, configuration and operating system installation. It provides Dell optimized and tested drivers, diagnostics and utilities.
The tool is easy to use with a series of simple-to-follow basic or advanced interview questions through an intuitive Graphical User Interface (GUI). Plus, reboots are minimized for faster deployment. DSA delivers quick deployment capabilities enabling you to quickly set up new servers or rebuild downed systems. It also includes replication abilities to help you automatically deploy multiple identical servers. DSA features increased platform, operating system and browser support over the previous version, including 9th generation PowerEdge™ server platforms, Vmware® ESX Server™ 3.0 and Windows® Storage Server.™
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Troubleshooting & Diagnostic
Dell PowerEdge™ Diagnostics is a suite of diagnostic programs, or test modules, that run locally on your system. When you start PowerEdge Diagnostics, the devices on your system are discovered. You select diagnostics tests to run from the Diagnostic Selection tree containing the hardware that PowerEdge Diagnostics discovers on your system. You can select tests for various parts of a system and run them by clicking the Run Tests button in the Tests Selected tab. You can select to run the diagnostic tests in normal or Quick Test mode.
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Troubleshooting & Diagnostic
In the Results tab you can view the results for each individually selected test. To view the entire result message for a particular test, double-click the device and test. A message box appears displaying the entire test result message.
You can view the saved results by extracting the .html file from the .zip file into a directory you create. When you open the .html file, you will get a screen similar to the one above:
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Troubleshooting & Diagnostic
Dell Server E-Support Tool (DSET) provides the ability to collect hardware, storage and operating system information of a Dell PowerEdge server. This information is consolidated into a single System Configuration Report that can be useful for troubleshooting or inventory collection of a system. The browser user interface provides a convenient means to view specific data through hierarchical menu trees.
DSET is intended to be a small, non-intrusive tool that does not require a reboot of the system to provide basic functionality. Immediately after installation, DSET can collect information about Windows drivers, services, network settings, etc. It will also collect basic information about the system's storage such as active drives, RAID containers, etc. DSET will also collect extended hardware information such as processors, memory, PCI cards, ESM log, BIOS/firmware versions and system health (fan/voltage levels).
* This tool only available for Windows and Linux OS.
Dell Server E-Support Tool (DSET)
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Support Manuals
Baseboard Management Controller User Guide
http://docs.us.dell.com/support/edocs/software/smbmcmu/
DELL Remote Access Controller User Guide
http://docs.us.dell.com/support/edocs/software/smdrac3/
DELL OpenManage Software http://support.dell.com/support/edocs/software/smsom/
For any downloads like firmware/manuals/drives etc visit http://support.dell.com. All you need is service tag of the server or exact type of the server.
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Standard Testing Procedure
No Power, No Display:
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Standard Testing Procedure
POST Error – Not Booting
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Standard Testing Procedure
POST Error – Not Booting
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Standard Testing Procedure
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Standard Testing Procedure
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Standard Testing Procedure
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HP Servers
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Agenda
ProLiant Server Classification
Main Components of Smart Array
Installing HP Servers
Troubleshooting & Diagnosing HP Servers
Firmware Maintenance
Software Tools
Support Links
Standard Testing Procedure
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ProLiant Server Classification
HP ProLiant ML: expandable tower servers for small to medium-sized businesses.
HP ProLiant DL: Density optimized solution for rack mount servers offering flexibility and manageability
HP ProLiant BL: Industry-standard Blade servers featuring all-in-one storage and server infrastructure
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ProLiant Server Classification
To know about server generation is very important for support through hp site. Each HP server model is known through generation prefix to the model e.g. DL380 G5. You can find generation by looking in front of the server. Another important aspect of HP server is to know HP serial number and part number. You can find those details on the asset tag sticker of HP servers.
HP Generation
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Main Components of Smart Array
Smart Array Integrated Controller.
Smart Array 5i+
Smart Array 5i
Smart Array 6i
One of the above mentioned controllers are coming by default in DL 380 series server, Like DL380 , DL 380 G2, DL 380 G3 DL 380 G4.Optional Smart array Controller is mentioned Below.
Smart Array 532
Smart Array 642
Smart Array 6400
The HP Smart array Controller Comes in Dual & Single Port.
Note: For More information about different Smart Array Controllers, refer manuals.
HP Smart Array Controllers
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Installing HP Servers
SmartStart is an essential single-server deployment tool that simplifies HP ProLiant server setup, providing a repeatable way to deploy reliable and consistent single-server configurations.
HP Deployment tool - SmartStart
SmartStart is delivered with every ProLiant ML and DL 300, 500, and 700 series server and supports ProLiant BL servers to provide step-by-step ProLiant deployment assistance and is included in the HP Insight Foundation Suite for ProLiant. From array configuration and OS installation to the update of optimized ProLiant server support software, SmartStart ensures a stable and reliable configuration. The SmartStart CDs contain server system utilities and operating system support software for ProLiant servers.
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Troubleshooting & Diagnosing HP Servers
HP Insight Diagnostics is a proactive server management tool, available in both offline and online versions, that provides diagnostics and troubleshooting capabilities to assist IT administrators who verify server installations, troubleshoot problems, and perform repair validation. HP Insight Diagnostics Offline Edition performs various in-depth system and component testing while the OS is not running. To run this utility, launch the SmartStart CD. HP Insight Diagnostics Online Edition is a web-based application that captures system configuration and other related data needed for effective server management. Available in Microsoft® Windows® and Linux versions, the utility helps to ensure proper system operation.
HP Insight Diagnostics
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Troubleshooting & Diagnosing HP Servers
The HP Insight Diagnostics Online Edition provides the capability to use non-intrusive system level checks to diagnose Smart Array SCSI hard drives. Diagnosis supports SCSI, SATA, and SAS hard drives that are attached to a Smart Array controller and configured as part of a logical volume. Diagnosis is not component testing, but is a combination of drive history and controller error status. This Diagnosis feature should be used to: • To troubleshoot why a hard drive is in a particular state. • When HP SIM reports a hard drive pre-failure or that a hard drive has failed. • When data corruption or storage problems occur, but no physical indications are evident. • When conflicting errors exist. • When repeated failures occur.
Array Diagnosis Utility
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Troubleshooting & Diagnosing HP Servers
HP Insight Diagnostics Survey
HP Insight Diagnostics provides survey functionality that gathers critical hardware and software information on ProLiant servers. If a significant change occurs between data-gathering intervals, the survey function marks the previous information and overwrites the survey data files to reflect the latest changes in the configuration. Survey functionality is installed with every SmartStart-assisted HP Insight Diagnostics installation, or it can be installed through the HP PSP .
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Troubleshooting & Diagnosing HP Servers
Integrated Management Log The IML records hundreds of events and stores them in an easy-to-view form. The IML timestamps each event with 1-minute granularity. You can view recorded events in the IML in several ways, including the following: From within HP SIM From within Survey Utility From within operating system: o For Windows®: IML Viewer o For Linux: IML Viewer Application From within the iLO and iLO 2 user interface From within HP Insight Diagnostics .
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Firmware maintenance
The process of updating system or option firmware is referred to as a flash process or flashing the ROM. A firmware or ROM flash removes the existing version of firmware from the ROM and replaces it with a more recent version. Update the firmware to do the following: • Support new hardware, such as a processor revision • Support new features • Correct problems in a previous firmware version
Several tools are available for updating firmware. HP recommends the following methods: • ROMPaq utility • HP Smart Update Manager • Online ROM flash components • ROM Update Utility The ROM update utility is being replaced by the HP Smart Update Manager on the Firmware Maintenance CD version 7.50 and later.
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Firmware maintenance
Although there are different methods to update firmware on HP systems, but it is recommended to proceed with HP firmware maintenance CD. Here we will be discussing about firmware updates using Firmware maintenance CD only.
HP Smart Update Manager deployment
The HP Smart Update Manager utility is available from the ProLiant Firmware Maintenance CD. This CD and others can be downloaded free-of-charge from the HP website . To update please follow the steps: •Boot the server from the Firmware Maintenance CD. •At the prompt, select a language and keyboard and Click Continue. •Read the End-User License Agreement, click Agree . •Click the Firmware Update tab. •Click Install Firmware. The HP Smart Update Manager is initiated. Select and install the desired components For more information, see the HP ProLiant Firmware Maintenance CD User Guide on the Firmware Maintenance CD.
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Software Tools
HP ProLiant Support Packs: PSPs represent operating system-specific bundles of ProLiant optimized drivers, utilities, and management agents. HP Systems Insight Manager : HP Systems Insight Manager is the clear choice for managing HP servers and storage by being the easiest, simplest and least expensive way for HP system administrators to maximize system uptime and health. Version Control: The VCRM (version Control Repository Manager) and VCA(Version Control Agent) are Web-enabled Insight Management Agents. HP Systems Insight Manager uses these Insight Management Agents to facilitate software update tasks.
For more information about version control tools and HP SIM, refer to the HP Systems Insight Manager Help Guide and the Version Control User Guide on the HP Systems Insight Manager
website.
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Support Links
HP Warranty Lookup: http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/WarrantyLookup.jsp?country=&prodSeriesId=454811&prodTypeId=12454 HP Part Information: http://partsurfer.hp.com/search.aspx HP ProLiant Support Site http://h20180.www2.hp.com/apps/Nav?h_pagetype=s-001&h_lang=en&h_cc=us&h_product=241435&h_client=S-A-R163-1&h_page=hpcom&lang=en&cc=us
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Standard Testing Procedure
Basic diagnostics a. Check the Front panel LED. b. Check the physical connectivity. c. Check the Power and reset switch (some times reset switch struck). d. Check the Beep codes. e. Check the Amber LED’s on the motherboard and SMPS’s backside. Extended Diagnostics a. Reset BIOS to defaults (using system maintenance switch) b. Check the SMPS output power by multi-meter,(check the power good signal) c. Run F10 Diagnostics for G1 and f9 for next generation severs d. Remove the extra ram ( swap and check the first slot ram also) e. Start server with Minimum Configuration and identify the faulty component. f. Clear bios thru dip switch g. If still no display Do the bios recovery
No Power, No Display
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Standard Testing Procedure
a. Intend the spare with part number , server Generation and serial number(optional) otherwise you couldn’t identify the correct spare b. Check the part number of the spare and server serial number. c. Replace the Spare what you identified d. Run the bios setup and Run inspect utility, we can find out which spare gone bad. e. Update drivers , BIOS and Firmware
Resolution and functionality check
Error on POST or Not Booting Basic Diagnostics a. Identify the Error from POST error message b. Identify the error which it is related. c. Check the System bios Event Log through F2 Diagnostics. d. Check the array controller & array log e. Check the Front panel Lpd (light path diagnostics) for errors. f. Check the LCD panel for Errors.(optional) g. Check the Beep codes. h. Check the mother board Amber LED’s for Errors.
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Standard Testing Procedure
Error on POST or Not Booting
Extended Diagnostics a. Identify the problem due to hardware (or) Operating system b. Reset BIOS to defaults c. Do bios recovery d. Update System BIOS & Firmware through firmware update CD e. Check the generation of the server- use this Url-HP Firmware f. Start server with Minimum Configuration and identify the faulty component.
a. Check the Replaced spare part number and configuration b. Check the part number through part surfer c. After replaced the Spare check iml log file. d. Remove the replaced spare and check e. Update drivers, BIOS and Firmware f. Run setup inspect Diagnostics g. Check and Clear the existing System Event Log
Resolution & Functionality Check
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Standard Testing Procedure
Issues after System Boot
Basic diagnostics a. Diagnose through IML Log b. Run OS Stress tests c. Check the motherboard and check the component over heat , d. Install bios and firmware suitable version. e. Check all boards if represent any amber LED Extended diagnostics a. Update Drivers , latest BIOS and Firmware b. Update the controller firmware c. Check OS Patches and updates d. Observe system performance e. Eliminate present OS and check with new os
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Standard Testing Procedure
j. Run setup inspect Diagnostics k. Check the IML log and ensure there is no error. l. Run the OS Stress test and ensure system is working fine. F. Run Standard peripherals test. i. CD / DVD – Read , Floppy Drive – Read & Write ii. Tape Drives – Read & Write. iii. Network – Ping to Gateway iv. External Storage access – Drive access
Resolution & Functionality Check:
Compaq Smart Array & HDD related issues Basic diagnostics a. Diagnose through Raid Log ( use smart start cd , view log file) b. Diagnose through smart array diagnose(ADU) utility c. Run smart start cd and view the log file d. Update Raid Driver & Firmware, Backplane Firmware & HDD Firmware, and then Observe.(before update check the i2c cable with back plane) e. Use specific scsi cable mentioned by hp use for the back plane f. If you have an error code check proliant server error codes
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Standard Testing Procedure
a. Run Stress tools and try to simulate (HP Data creator, Multiple DD commands in Linux / Unix) b. Update Raid Driver & Firmware, Backplane Firmware & HDD Firmware, and then Observe.
Extended Diagnostic
Resolution & Functionality Check a. Replace the Spare identified, if any b. Update the HDD firmware to the latest one, check the part number before replaced (confirm with old replaced spare). c. Update Raid Card Drivers and then Firmware, if the replaced spare is Raid Card. d. Update backplane Firmware e. Check the IML log and ensure there is no error. f. Run the OS Stress test and ensure system is working fine. g. Run Standard Peripherals test. i. CD / DVD – Read , Floppy Drive – Read & Write ii. Tape Drives – Read & Write. iii. Network – Ping to Gateway iv. External Storage access – Drive access
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Standard Testing Procedure
Server Health Check up
Basic Health Check a. Visual Inspection for bend , dent, breakage etc.. b. Open the Server and ensure the components and add-ons are fixed properly c. Power on and check for Display d. Check LED’s and Panel for Errors e. Run Inspect utility and check for errors. f. Check IML log for errors. g. Update drivers, BIOS and Firmware – (Optional if there is no error reported in System Event log and Diagnostic Log. & Must for the new systems @ Logistics ) h. Configure Raid – If raid card is available and not configured already. i. Load Supported Windows / Linux OS - If OS is not loaded already.. j. Take IML Report and analyze the results for errors and predictive failure. k. Run Standard peripherals test. i. CD / DVD – Read , Floppy Drive – Read & Write ii. Tape Drives – Read & Write. iii. Network – Ping to Gateway
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Standard Testing Procedure
l. Install Insight manager and run diagnostics and survey utility. m. Run Stress test for CPU/Memory Subsystem – Linpack can be used directly on Linux servers and for Windows Servers, boot from KNOPIXX Linux CD and run the Linpack from HDD or PEN drive. n. Run Microsoft memory Diagnostics - Windiag o. Run Stress test for Disk Subsystem – HP Data Creator & Reader/SQL IO etc. p. Save and Clear the existing IML logs
Extended Health Check
01, Smart Start CD – configure array, deploy os, generate log file Visit For Generation identification: Generation 1 server – Use Smart start 5.5 Generation 2 Server – Use Smart start 7.7 Above all model server – latest version 02, firmware maintenance cd- you can update bios, firmware.: For Generation 1 server – Firmware CD 7.3 Generation 2&above server – latest version
Tools Required
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Standard Testing Procedure
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Backup Device
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Basic Backup
WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BACK UP, RESTORE, AND ARCHIVE?
Data backup is the process of transferring data from your
company's primary computer system to a separate storage
device, such as a tape drive. If the original data is lost or
damaged, you can restore the information from the device
and resume normal business operations. An archive is a
long-term, permanent data backup, which is kept off-site.
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Why Backup?
•Protection from hardware failures
oScratches on CD/DVD
oHard-disk failure
oNode failure
•Protection against natural calamities
oFloods
•Protection from miscreants
oComputer Virus
oTerrorist attacks
•User errors
oAccidents – delete *.*; overwrite a file with another
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How to Backup? - simple solution
Create copy
– On the same device
– On some other device
– At some other location
Source Data Source Data Source Data
City A City B
Same Device Different Device Different Location
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Backup Policies.
• Full Backup
– Backup all the files
• Incremental
– Backup only the files changed since last backup
• Differential
– Backup only the files changes since last full backup
– Recovery is simpler
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FULL BACKUPS
A full backup copies all the files on the system . the system
files, the software files, and the data files. You should
perform a full backup on a weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly
basis. With a full backup of your data set on tape, you can
restore your entire system if a disaster destroys the original
files. TIP: If your data set is small,
Backup Policies – Conti…
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PARTIAL BACKUPS
A partial backup copies all files that have been added or changed since the last backup job.
There are two main types of partial backups: incremental and differential,
summarized in the table below.
TIP: For any crucial files that would be difficult to re-create, you can perform a selective
backup at any time during the day. With this method, you don „t need to wait until the next
scheduled backup to copy the crucial files.
INCREMENTAL BACKUPS
If you need to save time and cost during regular backup jobs, choose a plan that includes
full and incremental backups. In this strategy, you perform a regular backup of
all files (weekly, bi-weekly, etc.), then a more frequent backup (daily) of only the files that
have changed since the last backup session.
This full/incremental backup method means that fewer files need to be copied and less
time is required for the backup procedure. However, this method can also make a
complete system restore slower if you have created many different incremental backup
tapes (one for each day of the week, for example), or if you need to restore only a
particular file and must hunt through several different incremental back tapes
Backup Policies – Conti…
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DIFFERENTIAL BACKUPS
If you need to save on restore time and hassle in the event of a disaster, choose a plan that includes full and differential backups. In this strategy, you perform a regular backup of all files (weekly, bi-weekly, etc.), then a more frequent backup (daily) of all files that have changed since the last full backup session. This full/differential backup method helps the restore process run more efficiently, because only one full backup tape and one differential backup tape are required for a complete restore of the system. However, this method is slower on the backup process because more files are copied daily.
Backup Policies – Conti…
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Advantages and disadvantages of
Policies.
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DAT
Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) was a signal recording and playback
medium developed by Sony and introduced in 1987. In appearance it is
similar to a compact audio cassette, using 4 mm magnetic tape enclosed in
a protective shell, but is roughly half the size at 73 mm × 54 mm × 10.5
mm. As the name suggests, the recording is digital rather than analog.
The technology of DAT is closely based on that of video recorders, using a
rotating head and helical scan to record data. This prevents DATs from
being physically edited in the cut-and-splice manner of analog tapes
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DDS = Digital Data System
A specific term for 4mm data tapes
Spec. Introduction
(year) Data Transfer
(Bytes/sec) Tape Length
(meters) Native
(GB)
DC/Comp
ressed
(GB)
DDS-
1 1989 183K 90 2.0 4.0
DDS-
2 1993 360-750K 120 4.0 8.0
DDS-
3 1995 720K-1.5M 125 12.0 24.0
DDS-
4 1999 1-3M 150 20 40
DDS-
5 2001(est) 1-6M 150+ 36 72
Digital Data System specifications
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Jumper setting for DAT Drive
Note: Figure shows the symbolic drive, there will be variation
according to different models of drive.
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SCSI Interface Connector on the
Internal DAT Drive
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Internal DAT Drive Switch Settings
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Conti…
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Conti…
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Conti…
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• DLT ---- Digital Linear Tape
• LTO ---- Linear Tape Open
• SDLT ---- Super DLT
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Technology overview.
Digital Linear Tape (DLT) (previously called CompacTape) is a
magnetic tape data storage technology developed by Digital Equipment
Corporation (DEC) from 1984 onwards. In 1994 the technology was
purchased by Quantum Corporation, who currently manufactures drives
and licenses the technology and trademark. A variant with higher capacity
is called Super DLT (SDLT).
DLT uses linear serpentine recording with multiple tracks on half-inch
(12.7 mm) wide tape. The cartridges contain a single reel and the tape is
pulled out of the cartridge by means of a leader tape attached to the
takeup reel inside the drive. The drive leader tape is buckled to the
cartridge leader during the load process. Tape speed and tension are
controlled electronically via the reel motors, The tape is guided by 4 to 6
rollers that touch only the back side of the tape. Tape material is metal
particle tape (MP/AMP.)
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Cartridge.
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Different Types of DLT
1) DLT 4000 20/40gb Dlt
2) DLT 7000 35/70gb Dlt
3) DLT 8000 40/80gb Dlt
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Handling of Tapes
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Handling of Tapes – Conti…
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Handling of Tapes – Conti…
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Handling of Tapes – Conti…
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Linux Basic Installation RHEL 5 Installation
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Installation Guide for RHEL 5
The below URL is having all deployment guide/Admin guide for
RHEL5 32bit and 64 Bit OS.
Manual will guide you steps by steps on Installing RHEL 5 on
Certified Hardware.
URL for downloading Manuals:
http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-5-
manual/index.html
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Server Management
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IPMI
• WHAT IS IPMI ?
• IPMI stands for Intelligent Platform Management Interface
• What is the use of IPMI ?
• You can monitor system hardware and sensors, control system components and log important system events.
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IPMI Key Features
Shares LAN controller with main board and uses out-of-band
bandwidth.
• Supports hardware monitor for: CPU / system temperature;
system fan & CPU fan status; and system voltage
• Supports Event Log information for hardware
monitor events
• Supports remote management when system dead or in power
standby
• Remote power control:
a. Control through OS: Shutdown; Reboot; and Power cycle
b. Control directly through buttons on chassis: Reset;
Power down; Power up; and Power cycle
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IPMI used by Different Hardware Vendors
INTEL BMC/RMM2
Super Micro IPMICARD
IBM RSA card
DELL DRAC
HP ILO card
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IPMI used by Different Hardware Vendors
INTEL BMC/RMM2
Super Micro IPMICARD
IBM RSA card
DELL DRAC
HP ILO card
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IPMI IP Configurations on SuperMicro IPMI cards
Boot from the DOS CD/Floppy
Execute the command
Ipmicfg –m < IP address >
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IPMIVIEW
IPMI View is management software based on IPMI specification
version 1.5 - 2.0. IPMI View sends IPMI messages to and from the
BMC (Base Management Card) on a remotely managed system.
1. Available for windows and linux OS
Default Username is ADMIN
Default Passwd is ADMIN
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Login Screen
Once Device got discovered from IPMPIVIEW software,
we need to login through default username and password .
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Power Functions
Once login into IPMI device , you can reboot/shutdown machine
remotely. You can also check the power status of machine in this menu.
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Event Logs
Any Hardware errors log can be captured in this menu. All
fan/memory/CPU/voltages issues can be seen in this menu.
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Sensors Details
All current status of voltages/fan Speed/Tempratures/chassis phsyical
status can be seen in this menu
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Intel Deployment CD
1. It is different for EACH Motherboards
2. By using this CD, you can configure IP address of BMC
3. You have to define user and passwd for login
4. Once you defined the BMC configuration, save it and reboot the system.
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How to Configure RMM2 Card
Psetup utility
Locally:
Psetup can be started directly on the host containing the Intel RMM2.
The tool uses SCSI/USB driver to get connected to the module.
Remotely:
Psetup can be started on any host connected to the same subnet (broadcast
domain)
as the Intel RMM2. Psetup uses UDP broadcasts to access the module.
It works on windows and Linux OS
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When you execute Psetup utility
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How to Configure IP Address
1. once MAC address comes you define the IP address
and subnet mask
2. Give a Superuser login : admin
3. Passwd is : password ( for new cards)
4. If you want to change the password then give a new
Superuser passwd
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 252 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 252
Intel CLI Utility -DPCCLI
1. DPCCLI utility use to check BMC logs and Health Monitoring.
2. You can take a console through SOL
3. In Remote machine(windows) , you have to Install DPCPROXY services
by using Intel CLI utility in windows machine.
4. It will open the PORT NO. 623
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 253 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 253
Sel-viewer
The Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) records details about the
system events in a log in flash memory. Each SEL entry is a single system
event.
The SEL Viewer utility provides the ability to view system event records
stored on the server management storage device of a server.
The utility also allows the user to save SEL entries to a file and load SEL
entries from a file for viewing. The user can also reload SEL entries from a
server and see properties of SEL entries. The SEL entries can be viewed in
two modes: interpreted text mode and hex mode
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 254 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 254
How to Install SEL-Viewer
To install the SEL Viewer Utility in Windows* with the standalone installation, do
the following:
1. Copy all files and subdirectories from the utility released location into a folder on the hard
drive. (for example, c:\selviewer)
2. Open a command prompt and change to that directory (for example, cd
c:\selviewer\imbdriver).
3. Execute "install.cmd <full-path>" specifying the full path of the folder in which files were
copied (for example, "install c:\selviewer\imbdriver").
4. This install script will install the imbdrv.sys driver.
5. To run the SEL Viewer Utility, open a command prompt, and change directory to the folder
in which the selview.exe file resides (for example, cd c:\selviewer).
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 255 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 255
When you execute Selview Utility
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 256 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 256
Intel Active Console
1. Simple Lightweight Console
2. Dashboard of Server Health
3. Able to see System Event logs
4. View all sensors
5. BMC configurations
6. Support Microsoft windows
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 257 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 257
Snapshot of Intel Active System Console
Once you open the console, you can click on the submenu to see
details of the sensors
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 258 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 258
BMC Configurations
BMC Menu details : will show IP address
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Features
1. System Health Monitoring
2. Alerts Through Email
3. Can be Monitored Remotely
4. Remote Control
5. Performance Information
6. Only for SUPERMICRO MB and need to be installed locally.
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 260 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 260
Software Details
Super Doctor III only for Windows
Super Doctor II for Linux/Windows
System Requirements
This software is designed to run under the following operating systems:
Windows NT 4.0 with Service Pack 4.0 or later
Windows 2000
Windows XP
Windows Server 2003
Atleast 14 Mb space required for the Installation
Please Defined the Port during Installation.
© 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 261
Basic Concepts of Network
262 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 262
Agenda
Basics of Networking
Networking Standards
Network Devices & Definitions
TCP/IP Network Addressing
VLAN & ARP
Basic Definitions for L2 & L3 Networks
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Basics of Networking
What & Why is Network
• Distribute pieces of computation among computers (nodes)
• Coordination between processes running on different nodes
• Remote I/O Devices
• Remote Data/File Access
• Personal communications (email, chat, audio/video conference, messaging) • World Wide Web
264 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 264
Basics of Networking
ISO-OSI is standard of network but we commonly use TCP/IP, which has no session/presentation layer
265 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 265
Basics of Networking
Physical Layer:
o Standardized protocol dealing with electrical, mechanical and signaling interfaces.
o Concerned with the transmission of bits
Data Link Layer:
o Logical Link Control (LLC) defines how data is transferred over the cable and provides data link service to the higher layers.
o Medium Access Control (MAC) defines who can use the network when multiple computers are trying to access it simultaneously (i.e. Token passing, Ethernet [CSMA/CD], etc...).
o Handles errors in the physical layer.
o Groups bits into frames and ensures their correct delivery.
Network:
o Concerned with the transmission of packets.
o Choose the best path to send a packet (routing).
o It may be complex in a large network (e.g. Internet).
o Shortest (distance) route vs. route with least delay.
o Most popular protocol widely used is x.25 and TCP/IP
266 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 266
Basics of Networking
Transport Layer:
o Network layer does not deal with lost messages.Transport layer ensure reliable service. It breaks the message (from sessions layer) into smaller packets, assigns sequence number and sends them.
o TCP/IP is widely used for network/transport layer. UDP (Universal Datagram Protocol): Internet connectionless transport protocol.
Session & Presentation Layer:
o Just theory! Very few applications use it.
Application Layer:
o Collection of miscellaneous protocols for high level applications
o Electronic mail, file transfer, connecting remote terminals, etc.
o E.g. SMTP, POP, IMAP, FTP, Telnet, SSH, HTTP, HTTPS, SNMP, etc...
267 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 267
Networking Standards
• IEEE 802® : Internetworking
• IEEE 802.1 : Bridging & Management
• IEEE 802.2™ : Logical Link Control
• IEEE 802.3™ : CSMA/CD (Ethernet) Access Method
• IEEE 802.5™ : Token Ring Access Method
• IEEE 802.11™ : Wireless
• IEEE 802.15™ : Wireless Personal Area Networks
• IEEE 802.16™ : Broadband Wireless MAN
• IEEE 802.17™ : Resilent Packet Rings
268 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 268
Network Devices & Definitions
REPEATORS
HUBS
SWITCHES
BRIDGES
ROUTERS
FIREWALL
269 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 269
Network Devices & Definitions
Repeater:
o A repeater connects two segments of your network cable. It retimes and regenerates the signals to proper amplitudes and sends them to the other segments.
Hub:
o A type of repeater used on several network architectures which usually connects several stations.
Switch:
o A network switch is a computer networking device that connects network segments.
o The term commonly refers to a network bridge that processes and routes data at the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Switches that additionally process data at the network layer (layer 3 and above) are often referred to as Layer 3 switches or multilayer switches.
o The term network switch does not generally encompass unintelligent or passive network devices such as hubs and repeaters.
270 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 270
Network Devices & Definitions
Bridge:
o A bridge reads the outermost section of data on the data packet, to tell where the message is going. It reduces the traffic on other network segments, since it does not send all packets. Bridges can be programmed to reject packets from particular networks. Bridging occurs at the data link layer of the OSI model, which means the bridge cannot read IP addresses, but only the outermost hardware address of the packet. In our case the bridge can read the Ethernet data which gives the hardware address of the destination address, not the IP address. Bridges forward all broadcast messages. bridges use one of:
• Transparent Bridging - They build a table of addresses (bridging table) as they receive packets. If the address is not in the bridging table, the packet is forwarded to all segments other than the one it came from. This type of bridge is used on Ethernet networks.
• Source route bridging - The source computer provides path information inside the packet.
271 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 271
Network Devices & Definitions
Router:
o A router is used to route data packets between two networks. It reads the information in each packet to tell where it is going. If it is destined for an immediate network it has access to, it will strip the outer packet, readdress the packet to the proper Ethernet address, and transmit it on that network. If it is destined for another network and must be sent to another router, it will re-package the outer packet to be received by the next router and send it to the next router. The section on routing explains the theory behind this and how routing tables are used to help determine packet destinations. Routing occurs at the network layer of the OSI model. They can connect networks with different architectures such as Token Ring and Ethernet. Although they can transform information at the data link level, routers cannot transform information from one data format such as TCP/IP to another such as IPX/SPX. Routers do not send broadcast packets or corrupted packets. If the routing table does not indicate the proper address of a packet, the packet is discarded.
272 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 272
Network Devices & Definitions
Firewall:
o A router is used to route data packets between two networks. It reads the information in each packet to tell where it is going. If it is destined for an immediate network it has access to, it will strip the outer packet, readdress the packet to the proper Ethernet address, and transmit it on that network. If it is destined for another network and must be sent to another router, it will re-package the outer packet to be received by the next router and send it to the next router. The section on routing explains the theory behind this and how routing tables are used to help determine packet destinations. Routing occurs at the network layer of the OSI model. They can connect networks with different architectures such as Token Ring and Ethernet. Although they can transform information at the data link level, routers cannot transform information from one data format such as TCP/IP to another such as IPX/SPX. Routers do not send broadcast packets or corrupted packets. If the routing table does not indicate the proper address of a packet, the packet is discarded.
273 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 273
TCP/IP Network Addressing
Internet Protocol Because TCP/IP networks are interconnected across the world, each computer on the Internet must have a unique address (called an IP address) to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination. (e.g. 192.168.1.1) Classes of IP
Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. Class A addresses are in this range: 1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x.
Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a single network. Class B addresses are in this range: 128.1.x.x to 191.254.x.x.
Class C addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a single network. Class B addresses are in this range: 192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.x.
274 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 274
TCP/IP Network Addressing
Netmask In each of the address classes previously described, the size of the two parts (network address and host address) is implied by the class. This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated with the IP address. A netmask is a 32-bit quantity that, when logically combined (using an AND operator) with an IP address, yields the network address. For instance, the netmasks for Class A, B, and C addresses are 255.0.0.0, 255.255.0.0, and 255.255.255.0, respectively. By looking at the addressing structures, you can see that even with a Class C address, there are a large number of hosts per network. Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number. It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices. You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing.
275 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 275
TCP/IP Network Addressing
Netmask Contd… The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted-decimal notation. To use the table, write down the original class netmask and replace the 0-value octets with the dotted-decimal value of the additional subnet bits. For example, to partition your Class C network with subnet mask 255.255.255.0 into 16 subnets (four bits), the new subnet mask becomes 255.255.255.240. The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted-decimal and the mask-length formats.
276 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 276
VLAN & ARP
VLAN & Its Usage A virtual LAN, commonly known as a VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location. A VLAN has the same attributes as a physical LAN, but it allows for end stations to be grouped together even if they are not located on the same network switch. Network reconfiguration can be done through software instead of physically relocating devices. VLANs are created to provide the segmentation services traditionally provided by routers in LAN configurations. VLANs address issues such as scalability, security, and network management. Routers in VLAN topologies provide broadcast filtering, security, address summarization, and traffic flow management. By definition, switches may not bridge IP traffic between VLANs as it would violate the integrity of the VLAN broadcast domain. This is also useful if someone wants to create multiple Layer 3 networks on the same Layer 2 switch. For example, if a DHCP server (which will broadcast its presence) was plugged into a switch it will serve any host on that switch that was configured to get its IP from a DHCP server. By using VLANs you can easily split the network up so some hosts won't use that DHCP server and will obtain link-local addresses, or obtain an address from a different DHCP server
277 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 277
VLAN & ARP
ARP ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is used to resolve the ethernet address of a NIC from an IP address in order to construct an ethernet packet around an IP data packet. This must happen in order to send any data across the network. An IP address alone cannot be used to deliver data from one LAN device to another. To send data between LAN devices, you must convert the IP address of the destination device to its MAC address. Each device on an Ethernet network has a unique MAC address, which is a 48-bit number assigned to each device by the manufacturer. The technique that associates the IP address with a MAC address is known as address resolution. Internet Protocol uses the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to resolve MAC addresses. If a device sends data to another station on the network and the destination MAC address is not yet recorded, ARP is used. An ARP request is broadcast onto the network. All stations (computers, for example) on the network receive and read the request. The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request. All other stations discard the request.
278 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 278
Basic Definitions for L2 & L3 Networks
Layer 2 Networks: Basically a layer 2 switch operates utilizing Mac addresses in it's caching table to quickly pass information from port to port. A layer 3 switch utilizes IP addresses to do the same. A layer 2 switch is essentially a multiport bridge. A layer 2 switch will learn about MAC addresses connected to each port and passes frames marked for those ports. It also knows that if a frame is sent out a port but is looking for the MAC address of the port it is connected to and drop that frame. Whereas a single CPU Bridge runs in serial, today's hardware based switches run in parallel, translating to extremely fast switching. It includes terms like, VLAN, Spanning Tree etc.
279 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 279
Basic Definitions for L2 & L3 Networks
Layer 3 Networks: The network layer provides the functional and procedural means of transferring variable length data sequences from a source to a destination via one or more networks, while maintaining the quality of service requested by the Transport layer. The Network layer performs network routing functions, and might also perform fragmentation and reassembly, and report delivery errors. Routers operate at this layer sending data throughout the extended network and making the Internet possible. This is a logical addressing scheme values are chosen by the network engineer. The best-known example of a layer 3 protocol is the Internet Protocol (IP). It manages the connectionless transfer of data one hop at a time, from end system to ingress router, to router to router, and from egress router to destination end system.
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Network Cabling
Ethernet Straight Cabling: The UTP cable contains eight conductors, arranged in four twisted pairs, and is terminated with an RJ45 type connector. A normal straight-through & Cross Over UTP Ethernet cable follows the EIA568B standard wiring as described below.
Note that here on the other end of cable we are using pin 3 & 6 in replacement of 1 & 2 and vice versa
Straight Through Cross Over
© 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 281
Storage Basics
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 282 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 282
Objectives for this Unit
Understand Storage Basics
Introduce Direct Attached Storage
Differentiate between types of storage
– DAS
– NAS
– ISCSI
– SAN
Introduce Network Attached Storage
Introduce Fibre Channel SAN
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 283 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 283
A Few Storage Basics….
Where will data finally end up?
How will it get there?
What will it pass through?
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 284 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 284
Direct Attached Storage (Internal)
Computer System
CPU
Memory
Bus
I/O - RAID
Controller
Disk Drives
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 285 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 285
Direct Attached Storage (Internal)
Computer System
CPU
Memory
Bus
I/O - RAID
Controller
Disk Drives
12345
Data
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 286 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 286
Direct Attached Storage (Internal)
Computer System
CPU
Memory
Bus
I/O - RAID
Controller
Disk Drives
12345
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DAS w/ internal controller and external storage
CPU
Memory
Bus
I/O - RAID
Controller
Computer System
Disk Drives
Disk Drives
Disk Drives
Disk Enclosure
12345
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Comparing Internal and External Storage
Internal Storage
Server
Storage
RAID controllers
and disk drives
are internal to the
server
SCSI, ATA, or
SATA protocol
between controller
and disks
SCSI Bus w/ external storage
Server
RAID Controller
Storage
RAID Controller
Disk Drives
RAID controller is
internal
SCSI or SATA
protocol between
controller and
disks
Disk drives are
external
Disk Drives
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 289 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 289
DAS w/ external controller and external storage
Computer System
CPU
Memory
Bus
HBA
RAID
Controller
Storage System
Disk Drives
Disk Drives
Disk Drives
Disk Enclosure 12345
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 290 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 290
DAS over Fibre Channel
Server
HBA
Storage
Disk drives and
RAID controller
are external
Disk Drives
RAID Controller
HBA is internal
Fibre Channel
protocol
between HBAs
and external
RAID controller
External SAN Array
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 291 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 291
I/O Transfer
RAID Controller
– Contains the “smarts”
– Determines how the data will be written (striping, mirroring, RAID 10, RAID 5, etc.)
Host Bus Adapter (HBA)
– Simply transfers the data to the RAID controller.
– Doesn‟t do any RAID or striping calculations.
– “Dumb” for speed.
– Required for external storage.
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 292 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 292
Storage types
Single Disk Drive
JBOD
Volume
Storage Array
SCSI device
DAS
NAS
SAN
iSCSI
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 293 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 293
NAS: What is it?
Network Attached Storage
Utilizes a TCP/IP network to “share” data
Uses file sharing protocols like Unix NFS and Windows CIFS
Storage “Appliances” utilize a stripped-down OS that optimizes file protocol
performance
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 294 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 294
Networked Attached Storage
NAS Server
Storage
Server has a
Network Interface
Card
No RAID
Controller or HBA
in the server
Public or Private Ethernet
network
RAID Controller
Disk Drives
All data converted
to file protocol for
transmission (may
slow down
database
transactions)
Server
NIC NIC
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 295 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 295
iSCSI: What is it?
An alternate form of networked storage
Like NAS, also utilizes a TCP/IP network
Encapsulates native SCSI commands in TCP/IP packets
Supported in Windows 2003 Server and Linux
TCP/IP Offload Engines (TOEs) on NICs speed up
packet encapsulation
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 296 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 296
iSCSI Storage
iSCSI Storage
Server has a
Network Interface
Card or iSCSI
HBA
iSCSI HBAs use
TCP/IP Offload
Engine (TOE)
Public or Private Ethernet
network
RAID Controller
Disk Drives
SCSI commands
are encapsulated
in TCP/IP packets
Server
NIC or iSCSI HBA NIC or iSCSI HBA
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 297 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 297
Fibre Channel: What is it?
Fibre Channel is a network protocol implemented specifically for dedicated storage networks
Fibre Channel utilizes specialized
– Switches
– Host Bus Adapters
– RAID controllers
– Cables
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 298 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 298
switch
Fibre Channel Components
RAID Controller RAID Controller
switch
Servers
– Host Bus Adapters
Cables
– Fiber optic or copper
Fibre Channel Switches
– Two switches for redundancy
Fibre Channel Storage Array
– Two RAID Controllers for
redundancy
– 4–100+ disk drives per array
A true storage network
– Multiple servers
– Multiple switches
– Multiple Storage Arrays
Server A
HBA
Server B
HBA
Server C
HBA
Disk Drives
FC Storage Array
HBA HBA HBA
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 299 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 299
SAN: What is it?
Storage Area Network
A network whose primary purpose is the transfer of
data between storage systems and computer systems
Fibre Channel is the primary technology utilized for
SANs
Recently, SANs have been implemented with
dedicated iSCSI networks
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 300 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 300
Benefits of SAN/Consolidated Storage
Reduce cost of external storage
Increase performance
Centralized and improved tape backup
LAN-less backup
High-speed, no single-point-of-failure clustering solutions
Consolidation with > 70TB of storage
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 301 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 301
Fibre Channel Technology
Provides concurrent communications between servers, storage devices, and other peripherals
A gigabit interconnect technology
FC1: Over 1,000,000,000 bits per second
FC2: Over 2,000,000,000 bits per second
A highly reliable interconnect
Up to 127 devices (SCSI: 15)
Up to 10 km of cabling (3-15 ft. for SCSI)
Physical interconnect can be copper or fiber optic
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 302 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 302
Fibre Channel – (continued)
Hot-pluggable - Devices can be removed or added at will with no ill effects to data communications
Provides a data link layer above the physical interconnect, analogous to Ethernet
Sophisticated error detection at the frame level
Data is checked and resent if necessary
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 303 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 303
Fibre Channel – Frame Dissection
Up to 2048 byte
payload
4 byte checksum for
each frame
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 304 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 304
Fibre Channel
What‟s with the funny name?
– Some background history required
– Originally developed to only support fiber optic cabling
– When copper cabling support was added, ISO decided not to rename the technology
– ISO changed to the French spelling to reduce association with fiber optics only medium
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 305 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 305
Fibre Channel
How does it work?
– Serial interface
– Data is transferred across a single piece of medium at the fastest speed
supported
– No complex signaling required
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 306 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 306
Fibre Channel Interface Layers
Device Driver
SCSI Protocol
Fibre Channel
Fiber Optic or Copper Cabling
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 307 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 307
SCSI vs. Fibre Channel
Protocol
SCSI
– SCSI protocol vs. SCSI device
– SCSI is an established, tried and true protocol
– Provides services analogous to TCP/IP
– Supported in every major OS on market
Fibre Channel
– Fibre Channel runs on top of SCSI
– No re-inventing the wheel
– Immediate OS support
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SCSI vs. FC Transmission
RAID Controller Disk Drive
Fibre Channel
SCSI
RAID Controller Disk Drive
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 309 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 309
SCSI vs. Fibre Channel
Interface for internal storage to external disks
Potential down time w/ SCSI
Single bus
RAID controller is SCSI hardware
Standards:
– Ultra2 (80 MB/sec)
– Ultra 160 (160 MB/sec)
– Ultra 320 (320 MB/sec)
Media specific (copper only)
SCSI Limitations:
– Cables can‟t be any longer than 3 feet for single ended; 15 feet for LVD (low voltage differential)
– No more than 15 devices on a SCSI bus
– # of disk drives
Used with SAN
Lots of built-in redundancy with connections
Redundant network
HBA is fibre channel hardware
Standards:
FC1: 100 MB/sec
FC2: 200 MB/sec
Provides a data link layer above the physical interconnect
Analogous to Ethernet
FC is a network of devices
It can be media independent- copper or fibre optic
Fibre Channel limitations:
Cable length: Up to 10 kilometers (more a limitation of cable than FC itself)
Up to 127 devices
# of disk drives
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 310 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 310
Fibre Channel vs. iSCSI
Fibre Channel – The current market leader for shared storage technologies
– Provides the highest performance levels
– Designed for mission-critical applications
– Cost of components is relatively high, particularly per server HBA costs
– Relatively difficult to implement and manage
iSCSI – Relatively new, but usage is increasing rapidly
– Performance can approach Fibre Channel speeds
– A better fit for databases than NAS
– A good fit for Small to Medium Size Businesses
– Relatively inexpensive, compared to Fibre Channel
– Relatively easy to implement and manage
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 311 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 311
Microsoft Simple SAN Initiative
Make operating system aware of SAN and SAN capabilities
Shift integration burden from IT staff or services back to VENDORS products: – Microsoft
– Storage hardware and software
– Application developers
Key storage technologies: – Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS)
– Virtual Disk Service (VDS)
– Microsoft Multipath Input/Output (MPIO)
– Microsoft iSCSI driver • Software Initiator (client)
• Software Target (attached to disk subsystem)
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 312 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 312
Review
What is the difference between a RAID Controller and an HBA?
How many protocols may be used for DAS?
Name two types of storage that rely on ethernet cables
Name two benefits of SANs
Describe the four interface layers of the Fibre Channel protocol
Describe a scenario where an iSCSI SAN may be preferred over a Fibre Channel SAN
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 313 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 313
Summary
How data is routed through a server to I/O
Types of storage – DAS
– NAS
– iSCSI
– SAN
Benefits of SAN technology – Storage consolidation
– Reduced costs
– Centralized, LAN-free backup and restore
The Fibre Channel protocol – How it works
– Fibre Channel protocol vs. SCSI protocol
Comparing Fibre Channel SANs and iSCSI SANs – Fibre Channel SANs offer mission-critical performance, with relatively high costs and
high complexity
– iSCSI SANs offer moderate to high performance at an attractive price/performance ration and are relatively easy to administer
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Antivirus
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 315 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 315
Different types of threats
Virus
Trojan Horse
Worm
Blended attack
Expanded threat
False Positives
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 316 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 316
What is a virus?
A program written to alter the way a computer operates.
It will self execute its own code and place itself in the path of execution of
another program.
It must replicate itself
For example, it can replace other executables with a copy of the virus
infected file.
It can infect desktops and network servers alike.
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 317 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 317
Types of viruses
File infectors :-
They infect any program files, they come in through .exe and .com files. Examples are Jerusalem and cascade.
Boot sector viruses:-
It infects the system are of a disk, basically the boot record a floppy disk or a hard disk. Examples are Michelangelo and disk killer.
Master boot record viruses:-
They are almost same as the boot sector viruses, the only
difference between them is that where they load themselves. Such
infectors saves a copy of the MBR in a different location. The Pc‟s
infected with boot sector viruses and MBR viruses will not boot.
Example:-Unashamed, NYB, Antiexe .
© 2009 Wipro Ltd - Confidential 318 © 2010 Wipro Ltd – Internal & Restricted 318
Types of viruses
Multipartite Viruses:-
These are infections that infect both the program files and boot
records. These are difficult to remove, the infections from both the
locations should be removed or else they might re-infect any one of the
locations back again. Example:-One_Half,Emperor.
Macro viruses:-
These type of Viruses infect data files. They Have cost Corporations millions. The Evolution Of Visual Basic in 97,a macro Virus can be written that can infect data files. It infects MS Word, Excel, Power point. They are circulating good numbers across the world because of the ease with which they can be created. Ex:-W97M.Mellisa,W97M.NiceDay.
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What is a Trojan Horse?
Trojan horses are impostors- files that claim to be something
desirable but, in fact, are malicious.
A major distinction between a Trojan and a virus is that the
former do not replicate themselves.
Trojans contain malicious code that when
triggered causes loss of data and even theft.
To get infected by a Trojan you must invite
such programs to your computer. Example :-
By downloading an E-mail attachment.
Trojan.Vundoo is one of the Trojans that
once infected becomes difficult to clean or
delete.
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What is a Worm?
Worms replicate from system to system without use of a host file.
Worms Usually reside inside word or excel documents & the worm
will release a document that has the worm macro inside it. The
document will now move from computer to computer.
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Troubleshooting Virus Infection
Case I: - Unknown Infection •Suspicious activity observed and no files detected •Activities such as pop ups, file creation, URL redirection, network congestion are observed. Troubleshoot/Locate the files responsible •Check netstat output for connections made to any unknown IP addresses. •View files based on their modified dates to check for recent changes made on the system ,typically in folders like /Windows/System32 , /Windows/System32/drivers •Check the registry HKeyLocalMachine\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Runfor any startup entries made by the virus •Check the task manager for any unknown, random name processes running •Enable view for hidden files and folders
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Troubleshooting Virus Infection
Case II: - Unable to clean •Virus detected but unable to clean/delete/quarantine •As seen in the virus logs files are detected but not cleaned/removed from the affected machines. Troubleshooting •If files are in the temporary internet folder then would be in use and may not get deleted. We recommend you to delete the contents of the temporary internet files folder. •Boot machine in safe mode and run a manual scan •Use tools from recognized AV vendors like Symantec, Mcafee and Trend Micro like:- •Mcafee Avert Stinger. •Trend Micro House call 7.1 •Norton Security Scanner from Symantec.
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Troubleshooting Virus Infection
Case III: - Re-infection •Virus detected but re‐infection occurring in the network. •As seen in the virus logs files are detected and cleaned/removed from the affected machines but re‐infection occurring through shared folders/mapped drives or infected USB drives. Troubleshooting •Since malware are detected and taken care of in such a way that you may need to check the sources of re‐infection and security holes in the network responsible for them. •Check virus logs to look for the infection source of the malware. •Infection level in the network will not reduce until infection sources are eliminated.
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Best Practices
•Ensure the latest Virus Pattern and Scan Engine versions are loaded in the Antivirus used.
•Disable system restore Option on windows XP/Vista.
•Apply latest Microsoft Patches on all windows machines.
•Enable mapped drive scanning especially during outbreaks of malware that Spread using Shared/mapped Folders.
•Use a firewall that will prevent incoming and outgoing malicious traffic.
•Enable schedule scanning daily in case of huge network outbreaks.
•Keep Temp, temporary internet files, prefetch and startup clean.
•Use a password on shares if the shares are commonly used or else remove the shares because this will reduce the spread of infections.
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
2. Open the IIS Manager as below:
3. Expand Local computer as below:
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
5. Right click on default website, click browse:
4. Expand to default website as below:
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
6. On clicking browse, the following screen will appear.
You shall proceed to install SEPM now…
7. Click setup to start the SEPM installation:
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
8. Select the install location and proceed:
9. Select the custom website option
and ensure TCP port is set to 8014:
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
10. Click Install to proceed with SEPM Installation & Complete it by clicking Finish:
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
10. Management server config. window will pop-up next, select Advanced and click next:
11. Select number of users based on site requirement:
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
12. Select Install my first site and click next:
13. Prefer keeping the default details & click next:
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
14. Give the Site name and click next:
15. Give an Encryption password and store it
somewhere as its used for Disaster recovery purpose:
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
16. Select the Database, based on the clients size and proceed:
17. Enter the SEPM console Admin password & click next:
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Best Practices on SEPM Installation
18. Select No for Migration deployment
wizard & Finish the SEPM Installation:
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Best Practices on SEP client Installation
1. Go to SEPM & click on Migration and Deployment wizard & click next :
2. Select Deploy the client & click next:
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Best Practices on SEP client Installation
3. Specify the group name for which the SEP client has to be installed:
4. Prefer leaving the default options and click next:
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Best Practices on SEP client Installation
5. Specify the Install package options & click next:
6. Click No to proceed with creating Install package:
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Best Practices on SEP client Installation
7. You can push out the software from the push deployment wizard., thru the following exe file:
C:\Program Files\Symantec\Symantec Endpoint protection Manager\Tomcat\Bin\clientremote.exe
8. Click Next on the
Push deployment wizard:
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Best Practices on SEP client Installation
9. Browse the created package, specify the concurrent deployments and click next:
10. Select the machine(s) for SEP
client deploymentt and click Add:
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Best Practices on SEP client Installation
11. Enter the remote client authentication and click Finish:
12. SEP Software will start rolling
out to the selected client(s):
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Best Practices
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SCSI Subsystem
The most important component – Termination. Ensure it is properly set at
Controller, each devices & SCSI Bus( Cable or Back Plane)
Ensure there is Terminators are available in both the end of the SCSI bus
Remove / Disable termination from devices if it is not the first or last
device.
Beware of External and Internal Connectors in the same channel, 50 and
68 Pin connectors in same channel
Always connect Booting HDD to the channel where the boot order is 0
Always better to connect booting device to lowest SCSI ID
Ensure the controller ID is set to 7. Do not change unless until it is really
required.
When connect 68 Pin HDD‟s to old SCSI controllers , use force SE jumper
if any issues for detecting device.
If SCSI HDD‟s are giving not ready error, use Auto Spin jumper in HDD to
resolve the same
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Raid Subsystem
As most of the Raid controllers uses SCSI as HBA, all points on SCSI
will be applied for Raid also.
Same Make & Model HDD‟s are suggested in a Single Raid array.
Same RPMS are must if uses different model
Average Seek time is the another point to be noted, use similar or
nearest value HDD‟s only
Higher capacity drives will work perfectly if the Make and Model
series same.
HDD goes offline issue normally caused by SCSI bus or HDD
mismatch or One or more HDD‟s problem. This is not
caused by the Raid Controller
Never make any HDD online when the raid array or logical drive is
degraded and data is accessible.
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When more than one HDD goes offline, identify the order in which the
HDD‟s gone offline and make the HDD‟s online manually in the reverse
order one by one, except the last one. Rebuild the last HDD and get the
array optimal
ZCR Cards works exactly like a normal raid controller, except the SCSI
channel will be used from motherboard.
All ZCR will not be compatible on all the motherboards. Choose the
compatible cards only.
ZCR Cards will not work in all the slots, only in one identified slot it will
work
When there is mismatch of raid configuration b/w NVRAM and HDD, always
go with HDD configuration.
It is advisable to take the backup before doing any operations in raid
controller. Specifically before doing an array Migration or expansion.
Expanded array only will give additional space in the raid volume. It is OS call
that how it should be utilized
Beware of Initialize option, it will destroy the data and no way to get it back
Raid Subsystem – Conti…
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Host Raid
Host Raid supports only Raid 0, 1 & 10
Host Raid is indented to use for mirroring OS drive where the
performance is not the highest priority and the redundancy has the
priority.
Rebuilding of Host Raid arrays will take significantly more time than a
normal raid controller.
Host Raid SCSI controllers will publish the Raid Volumes to OS as well as
the individual drives which is not part of the Raid array, where as a normal
raid controller will publish only raid volumes to OS.
Host raid or a Normal Raid is not a replacement for Backup. Backup
should be taken even if Host raid or any other Raid is implemented. This is
indented to give redundancy in case of a HDD failure or / and to give
better performance.
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At present Host raid will not support online array expansion or migration.
The raid configuration is written to HDD and when a M/B or SCSI
controller gets replaced with a same model the raid configuration gets
loaded from HDD to NVRAM.
In LSI SCSI controllers the NVRAM write error is normally caused by the
failure of one or more HDD.
For Adaptec Host raid the driver when the host raid is enabled and the
driver when the host raid is disabled is different. The non host raid driver
will not detect HDD‟s even if the array not created, but host raid is
enabled.
For SATA host raid the raid should be enabled from M/B Bios and then
only the raid BIOS will be present. Here also the driver with host raid
enabled and host raid disabled is different.
For Some host raid controller, the mirroring & striping is chosen by the IM
or IS option selected in the M/B BIOS
Host Raid – Conti…
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Power Supply
Redundant power supply‟s has a non redundant part , ie the power back
plane, where the power supplies gets inserted.
The AC power to Redundant power supply preferably should be supplied
from separate UPS, but both the UPS must have common and dedicated
ground points.
When an RPS is giving wrong voltages, the part to be replaced is the
power back plane or SMPS with power back plane as the voltage
regulators are normally located at power back plane.
Always populate all 3 SMPS, when 2+1 redundant SMPS used in Servers
with Dual processors for redundancy.
DONOT SHORT any SMPS out puts to ground to start the SMPS
manually, unless it is clearly documented and communicated.
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Never plan a UPS which is equal to SMPS wattage or sum of SMPS‟s
wattage as the in trust current while starting the SMPS will be more than
what is planned.
DO NOT OPEN SMPS.
If a M/B reports voltage errors, it is not a must that the SMPS always giving
the problem. It can be from the VRM‟s in the M/B also.
Only the total power wattage does matter while choosing SMPS, some
M/B‟s or Processors requires a minimum current rating for some particular
voltage lines.
Proper working of SMPS fan also is a critical requirement for server to
work reliably.
Power Supply – Conti…
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Processor Issues
Fails very rarely, if proper heat sink and fan used. Ensure the cool air passes
through the heat sink and no obstacles which blocks the air flow.
Processor error may be reported when problem is there with M/B or VRM
Take extra care to avoid damage while removing & fixing.
Lot of processor related errors can be fixed by,
Re-fixing the heat sink with newly & properly applied heat sink
compound.
Enabling the processor retest in BIOS
Updating the BIOS to the latest stable one
Re – run the FRU-SDR utility, even if the loaded one is same.
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Always refer processor spec no when check for replacement. Mixing of
TWO processors with more than one stepping difference is not
recommended even the all other spec matches.
DP and MP Xeon processors are different. Can be used in only dual
processor and Multi processor servers respectively
EM64T feature cannot be enabled or disabled in BIOS. It detects the state
automatically depends on the BIOS, OS and Drivers. HT can be disabled or
enabled in BIOS. Disable the same if the OS doesn't support it.
Processor utilization cannot be resolved always by adding or upgrading
processors, this may be due to IO wait or application issue.
Source of FRB errors may be M/B or Processor. But Source of Processor
BIST error is from Processor only.
Processor Issues – Conti..
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Memory Issues
Don‟t mix Registered and Unbuffered Memory modules in the same
system.
Don‟t mix different capacity in the same bank
Different speed memory may support but not suggested
Don't MIX ECC and NON ECC memory. Also Ensure only ECC memory
is installed in the Boards which supports ECC.
Always populate higher capacity memory modules in the initial banks.
OS blue screen‟s always need not be memory issue. Use diagnostics tools
or Hardware event log to check ECC errors reported.
Beware of Dual ranking memories which may disable one unused memory
slot.
Increasing physical memory may not resolve the performance issues.
Installed memory should properly assigned for Databases or Applications
by OS. This may have to get fine tuned at OS or Database level.
Nearest Slots may not be forming the Bank. Refer manual.
Cooling to memory also important. Ensure the cool air passes through
memory modules.
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Other issues
The best way to diagnose the other issues are
Check the system event log ( Hardware ) and analyze.
Use Server Management Software to monitor the server.
Use the Diagnostic tool supplied along with the Server to check the
Server.
If the latest event is not logged, save the existing log to a file and clear the
logs from NVRAM . Then check the new event log , once the problem re-
occur.
Run FRU SDR utility to ensure all sensors are set properly.
The following kind of errors in the SEL to be considered seriously.
Voltage & Temperature errors
SERR , PERR , NMI and ECC errors
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Refer the beep codes and Diagnostic LED‟s status for any trouble shooting
A lot of startup issues, including no display errors can be resolved by clearing
the BIOS. Removing battery will not clear the BIOS. Shorting Battery leads
may cause damage to battery / M/B. Refer M/B manual to identify the
procedure to clear BIOS. This normally happens by shorting one jumper and
switching on the system.
No display / Not booting issues may get resolved by booting from alternate
BMC / BIOS which may be available in the M/B
BIOS recovery is another option to be tried out before replacing the M/B.
Special disk need to be created for the same. Normal BIOS update disks will
not be sufficient.
Other issues – Conti…
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