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Social Economy Development. Primary industry in China. Three key industrial economic sectors. Primary (raw materials) industry Secondary (goods production) industry Tertiary (service) industry. Allan.G.B. Fisher. The Clash of Progress and Security , London : Macmillan , 1935. Outline. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Social Economy Development
Primary industry in China
Three key industrial economic sectors
• Primary (raw materials) industry • Secondary (goods production) industry • Tertiary (service) industry
Allan.G.B.Fisher. The Clash of Progress and Security , London : Macmillan , 1935.
Outline
• 1. Introduction1. Introduction• 2. Development of the 2. Development of the Primary industry in in
ChinaChina• 3.Cases discussion3.Cases discussion
1. Introduction1. Introduction
• Industry involved with extraction and collection of natural resources.
– agriculture/farming ,– forestry, – grazing, – fishing
* National Economic Industrial Classification ( GB/T4754-2002)
Grain production bases in china
Outline
• 1. Introduction1. Introduction• 2. Development of the Primary industry in 2. Development of the Primary industry in
ChinaChina• 3.Cases discussion3.Cases discussion
Socialist transformation in 1958
• State-owned economy
Founded in 1949 Reform and opening up in 1978
• Collective economy
• Foreign economy
• Individual economy
2.1 Social economy
• Private owned economy (weak)
• Foreign economy
• Bureaucrat capitalism economy
• Farmers and handicraftsman
Left
• State-owned economy
Protected• Private owned
economy
Protected • Individual economy
• Collective economy
Purchased
• State-owned economy
•Sino-foreign economy
• Private owned economy
Purchased
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
First stage Second stage Third stage
Landowner owned the land and most farmers had no land.
Farmers owned land.
People's communes, production brigades and production teams owned land.
The household contract responsibility system
• Feudalism economy
Confiscated
Confiscated
2.1 First stage: national economic recovery period
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
Land was confiscated from the landowners and allocated to farmers.
Horses were allocated to farmers as production tools.
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
2.3 Second stage: Great leap forward, Economic adjustment and Cultural revolution
Township governments were replaced by people's communes
A celebration of the establishment of a people's commune.
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
2.3 Second stage: Great leap forward, Economic adjustment and Cultural revolution
Lunch time of a people's commune. The kitchen of a people's commune.
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
2.3 Second stage: Great leap forward, Economic adjustment and Cultural revolution
Poster of People's communes Children from the kindergarten of a People's communegave a performance to the people in Old People's Home.
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
Remembrance sculpture of the household contract responsibility system
First contract of the household contract responsibility system
.
2.4.1 China’s reform started from the countryside
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industryindustry in in ChinaChina
Resource: Statistic data from National Bureau of Statistics of China
Fig 1. GDP of Primary industry increasing (100 million RMB Yuan)
2.4.1 China’s reform started from the countryside
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
2. Development of the Primary industry in 2. Development of the Primary industry in ChinaChina
Primary Secondary Tertiary
1978 28.2% 47.9% 23.9%
1990 27.1% 41.3% 31.5%
2000 15.1% 45.9% 39.0%
2005 12.2% 47.7% 40.1%
2009 10.3% 46.3% 43.7%
Tab 1. Proportion in China’s GDP
Resource: Statistic data from National Bureau of Statistics of China
2.4.1 China’s reform started from the countryside
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
Resource: Statistic data from National Bureau of Statistics of China
Fig 2. Sown Areas and output of Grain Crops
2.4.1 China’s reform started from the countryside
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industryindustry in in ChinaChina
Resource: Statistic data from National Bureau of Statistics of China
Fig 3. Amount of the employees working in Primary industry (Ten Thousand)
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
2.4.2 Employment in primary industry
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industryindustry in in ChinaChina
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
2.4.3 Collective ownership of the land
1. Can urban residents buy a house on rural collective owned land?
No, the rural land use right can be sold only to other villagers of the same village.
2. Can land contractual use rights be subcontracted, exchanged or sold? Can it be mortgaged?
It can be subcontracted, exchanged or sold from 2007, but it can not be mortgaged.
The collective(village) own the land and farmers(villagers) obtain land use rights by contract.
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
New village in Shandong.
2.4.4 New village construction.
New village in Anhui.
• Development of production; • Affluent life; • Civilization; • Tidy and clean village; • Democratic management
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
Villagers are voting for the officers of the villagers’ committee.
2.4.4 New village construction.
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
2.4.4 Income of Rural Households: Inequality between regions
Fig 4 Per Capita Net Income of Rural Households by Region in 2009
11668.5911668.59
12482.9412482.94
6906.936906.93
10007.3110007.31
5206.765206.76
2980.102980.10
3531.723531.72
4937.804937.80
3883.103883.10
3369.343369.34
2. Development of the Primary2. Development of the Primary industry in industry in ChinaChina
2.4 Third stage: reform and opening
2.4.4 Income of Rural Households : Inequality between rural and urban
Fig 5 Per Capita Annual Income comparison
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