Source 1: Max Litwin · PDF fileUnited States entered World War II, Litwin married Edith Fine...

Readthe“JewishAmericansinWorldWarII”passageset.

JewishAmericansinWorldWarII

Source1:MaxLitwinWrittenforUCFVLPbySarahSchneider

1 MaxLitwinwasborninPolandonMay24,1911toJosephandFannieLitwin.Threeyearslaterin1914,Mr.LitwinimmigratedtotheUnitedStates.HemostlikelycamealonetofindahomeandtomakeenoughmoneytobringtherestofhisfamilyoverfromPoland.Sevenyearslaterin1921,Mrs.Litwin,MaxandhisthreesistersjoinedtheirfatherintheUnitedStates.Oncethefamilywasbacktogether,Mr.andMrs.Litwinhadtwomoresonsandby1930theywereafamilyofeight.

2 TheLitwinswereoneofmanyJewishfamilieswholivedinProvidence,RhodeIslandintheearly1900s.Duringthattime,thenumberofpeoplelivinginProvidencemorethandoubled.By1915,about66%ofthepeoplelivinginProvidencewerenewJewishorItalianimmigrantsandtheirchildren.TheLitwinswereeightofthemorethan8,000EasternEuropeanJewsinthecity.Thesenewcomersfoundworkinthenewfactoriespoppingupacrossthecityandstate.Mr.Litwinfoundajobasasalesmanatafurniturestore.

3 By1930,MaxLitwinwaslivingandworkingasaninsuranceagentandsalesmaninProvidence.Butattheendofthe1930’s,hisfatherdiedleavinghismothertotakecareofherselfandfourofhissiblingsthatstilllivedathome.Onesisterworkedasasecretaryandanotherasasocialworkertohelphismothersupporttheirfamily.In1940,ayearbeforetheUnitedStatesenteredWorldWarII,LitwinmarriedEdithFineandthecouplemovedinwithherparentsinProvidence.Litwinwasstillworkingasasalesmanforaroofingcompanyandhisnewwifeworkedasastenographer,orapersonwhoworksinacourtroomandtypesoutwhatpeoplesayinashorthandcode.

4 DuringWWII,manyJewishAmericans,liketheLitwins,workedhardtosupporttheUnitedStateswarefforts.Atthattime,JewishAmericanfamiliesmadeuponlyaboutfourpercentofthetotalnumberofpeopleintheUnitedStates.Incomparison,Jewishmenmadeupabouteightpercentofthemenservinginthemilitary.JewishwomenalsosupportedtheUnitedStates’warefforts.About340,000JewishwomenservedasnursesorinotherrolesintheUSmilitaryduringthewar.LitwinandhisbrotherAlfredweretwoofthemanyJewishmenwhosupportedthewarbyjoiningtheUSArmy.AyearandahalfaftertheUnitedStates

ELA Writing Prompt: Lives and Legacies of United States Veterans vlp.cah.ucf.edu

enteredWWI,AlfredenlistedintheUSArmyandLitwinfollowedhimafewmonthslater.LitwinenteredthemilitaryonAugust1943attheageofthirty-twoandrosetotherankofPrivateFirstClassintheUSArmybythetimehefinishedhisserviceinSeptember1944.

5 DespitethepoortreatmentmanyJewsfacedinthemilitary,“militaryservicehadempoweredJewsasAmericansandasJews.”ManyAmericanJewishsoldierswereoptimisticthattheirhardworkandeffortsinWWIIwouldleadnon-JewishAmericans,thegovernmentandthemilitarytotreatthemmorepositivelyandtoworktowardsequalityforall.

6 AfterWWII,Miamiwasoneofthe“fastest-growingJewishcommunities”inthecountry,andLitwinmayhavebeenpartofthismovementofJewstothesunbelt.FromFebruarytoAprilof1945aMaxLitwinpostedintheJewishFloridiannewspaperaboutabusinesscalled“HotelRobertsTailors.”ThefirstpostingsinthenewspaperlistLitwinasbeinginbusinesswithMorrisEnzer.BythepostingsinApril,Litwinislistedastheonlyowner.TherewasaHotelRobertsinMiami,sothebusinessprobablyprovidedtailoringservicesinthehoteloratalocationnearby.ThereisnotenoughinformationtoknowforsurethatthisisthesameMaxLitwin,butitishighlylikelythatitis.

7 Inhislateryears,LitwinlivedonBayHarborIslandinFlorida’sMiami-DadeCounty.TwoofhissistersandAlfredalsomovedtoSouthFlorida.HissistersjoinedhiminFloridainthe1970s.TheywerebothactivelyinvolvedintheJewishcommunitiesofRhodeIslandandFloridathroughouttheirlives.LitwinmostlikelyhadastrongconnectionwiththeJewishcommunityaswell.Hediedattheageofeighty-threeonFebruary18,1995.AmemorialmarkeratFloridaNationalCemeteryinBushnell,Floridapaystributetohislifeandservice.

Litwin’smemorialmarkeratFloridaNationalCemetery.ImagecourtesyofUCFVLP.

Source2:SidneyMalatskyWrittenforUCFVLPbySarahSchneider

1 Between1900and1905,SimonandAnneMalatskyjoinedthemanyJewishfamiliesleavingRussiatoimmigrate,ormove,totheUnitedStates.TheymostlylikelywantedtoescapetheharassmentandpersecutionagainstJewishfamiliesthatwascommoninRussiaatthattime.TheyjoinedabigwaveofimmigrantsmovingfromRussiatoChelsea,Massachusetts.By1915thereweremorethan11,00RussianimmigrantslivinginChelsea—themajorityofwhomwereJewish.SimonandAnneweremarriedonSeptember3,1913inChelsea.Thecouplehadtwobabyboyswhodiedintheirinfancybeforehavingthreegirlsandthen,finally,Sidney.SidneyJacobMalatskywasbornonFebruary1,1924.

2 SidneyJacobMalatskygrewupinChelseawithhisdadasastorekeeper,hismomandhisolderthreesisters.HeattendedChelseaHighSchoolandwentbythenickname“Jackie.”Inayearbookentryabouthimfrom1941,aclassmatewrotethat,“‘Jackie’s’faceisusuallyhiddenbehindhisbooks.”Jackielovedtolearn!Hemadehonorroll,participatedinthedebateclubandwasontheschoolyearbookstaff.Healsoenjoyedmusicandwasactiveinbandandorchestra.

3 AfterMalatskycompletedhighschool,heworkedinastorebeforeheenlistedin,orsignedupfor,theUnitedStatesArmyAirCorpsReserves.JackieenlistedintheArmyAirCorpsReservesonNovember13,1942whichwasalittlelessthanayearaftertheUnitedStatesjoinedGreatBritain,theSovietUnion,andtheotherAlliedcountriestofightinWorldWarII.HewaseighteenwhenheenlistedthatNovemberandheenteredtheservicethatfollowingJanuary.

4 JewishservicemenoftenfaceddifficultsituationsinthemilitarybecausetheywereJewish.Forexample,Jewishmealsneverincludeporkbutmealsintheservicedid.SoJewishservicemenhadtodecideiftheywouldorwouldnoteattheporkmealsservedbythemilitary.SometimesJewsevenfacedhostiletreatmentforbeingJewish.OthertimesJewshadtodealwiththeirfellowservicemenwhodidnotunderstandtheirJewishbackground.SomeJewishservicemen,however,didfeelthattheirtransitionintomilitarylifewentsmoothly.AsaJew,MalatskymayhaveencounteredthesekindsofchallengesorhemayhavehadasmoothtransitionintotheArmyAirCorpsReserves.

5 Malatskyservedinthe484thBombardmentGroupandrosetotherankof2ndLieutenantduringhisservice.BombardmentgroupsweregroupsofbomberplanesthatflewfortheUnitedStatesArmyAirForcesduringWorldWarII.Malatsky’sbombardmentgroupattackedspecificlocationslike“oilrefineries,oilstorageplants,aircraftfactories,heavyindustry,and

communicationsinItaly,France,Germany,Austria”andothercountriesinEasternEurope.Inthespringandsummerof1944,the484thBombardmentGroupbombedpartsofRome,ItalytohelpAlliedtroopsmoveinonRome.TheyalsocarriedsuppliestotheAlliesinsouthernFranceandwerelaterrewardedwithtwoDistinguishedUnitCitations.Thecitationswereawardsforsuccessinthefaceofdifficultchallenges.

6 Malatskyplayedaroleinmanyofthesemissions.Heservedasthebombardierontheplane.Thebombardierwasthepersonwhodirectedandreleasedthebombs.Itwashisjobtohittheirtargets.InNovemberof1944,MalatskyleftfromanairfieldinItalyforamissiontobombVienna,Austria.Onthismission,Malatsky’splanewashitandwentintoenginefailure.Hiscaptaindecidedtotrytocrash-landtheplaneeastofItalyintheAdriaticSea.

7 Whentheplanehitthewater,itbrokeinhalf.Therearoftheplanesunktothebottomoftheseaandmostofthecrewmemberswerekilledinthiscrash.Attwentyyearsold,Malatskywasoneofthecrewmemberswhowaskilledinthecrash.ThepilotoftheplanesurvivedandinhisMissingAirCrewReporthewrotethatMalatsky’sbodyandfiveotherswereneverfound.

8 Sidney“Jackie”MalatskywasawardedanAirMedalandPurpleHeartforhismilitaryservice.Heisrecognizedonthe“TabletsoftheMissing”attheFlorenceAmericanCemeteryandMemorialjustoutsideofFlorence,Italy.HeislifeandserviceisalsohonoredbyamemorialmarkeratFloridaNationalCemeteryinBushnell,Florida.

Malatsky’smemorialmarkeratFloridaNationalCemetery.ImagecourtesyofUCFVLP.

WritingPrompt

WriteaninformativeessaycomparingthelivesofthesetwoJewishAmericansveteransbefore,duringandafterWorldWarII.Useinformationfromthepassagesinyouressay.

Manageyourtimecarefullysothatyoucan

• readthepassages;• planyourresponse;• writeyourresponse;and• reviseandedityourresponse.

Besuretoinclude

• anintroduction;• informationfromthepassagesassupport;and• aconclusionthatisrelatedtotheinformationpresented.

Yourresponseshouldbeintheformofamultiparagraphessay.Writeyourresponseinthespaceprovided.

___________________________________________________________________________________

PrewritingPage

MalatskyLitwin Both

Source 1: Max Litwin · PDF fileUnited States entered World War II, Litwin married Edith Fine...

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