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Spanish Lesson #305/06/2020
By: Maestras Linda, Christina, Rachel, and Mia
Lesson Plan1. Review gender rules
2. Review numbers 1-15
3. Review greetings
4. Learn subject pronouns
5. Conjugate the verbs ser and verb estar
6. Learn how to tell time in Español
7. La cultura de España
Revisar reglas de género 1. Nouns that end in -O are usually masculine
2. Nouns that end in -A are usually feminine
El Chico El libro
La Chica La ventana
Los ExcepcionesMasculine words can also end in:
● accented vowels (á/é/í/ó/ú)
● -ma or -pa
● Consonants other than -d or -z
● -e
El colibríEl amor
El problema El perfume
Los Excepciones ContinuóFeminine words can also end in:
● -dad or -tad
● -sión/ -sion or -ción/ -cion
● -z
La canción La felicidad
La actriz La libertad
Revisar los números 1-15 1 2 3 4 5
Uno Dos Tres Cuatro Cinco
6 7 8 9 10
Seis Siete Ocho Nueve Diez
11 12 13 14 15
Once Doce Trece Catorce Quince
Revisar los saludos
How old are you?
¿Cuántos años tienes?
I am __ years old.
Yo tengo ____ años.
¿De dónde eres?
Where are you from?
Yo soy de...
I am from ...
¿Cuál es tu nombre?/ ¿Cómo te llama?
What is your name?
Me llamo...
My name is ...
VocabularioHasta luego -- See you later
Mucho gusto -- Nice to meet you
Por Favor -- Please
Gracias -- Thank you
De nada -- You're welcome
Subject Pronouns Telling a story gets really boring if you have the same subject in every
sentence. That’s where subject pronouns come in handy; they replace
subject nouns and are separated by three things: Person (1st, 2nd, or 3rd),
gender, and formality (formal or informal).
Subject noun: Juan, Henry, the table, the book, etc.
Subject pronoun: he, she, we, it, etc.
Subject Pronouns Continuó Subject Pronoun Meaning Person Number Gender Formality
yo I 1st Singular N/A N/A
tú you 2nd Singular N/A informal
él/ella/usted he/she/you 3rd Singular M,F,N/A N/A,N/A,formal
nosotros/as we 1st Plural M/F N/A
ellos/ellas/ustedes they/you 3rd Plural M,F,N/A N/A,N/A,formal
Notice: there is no subject pronoun it in Spanish. Él and ella refer to people and sometimes to animals, but not
to things.
The Infinitive and ConjugationsThe infinitive is the unconjugated form of the verb. For example, to be is an infinitive in English. The conjugations are the forms of the verb that belong to a particular pronoun or noun subject.
I am and he is are examples of conjugations of the infinitive to be.
La Conjugación de EstarEstar - to be
Yo estoy I am
Tú estás You are (informal)
Él/ella/usted está He is/She is/You are (formal)
Nosotros/as estamos We are
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes están They are/You are (plural)
Practice Questions!
Yo _________ en la clase.
a. estoy
b. estamos
c. estás
d. están
Ella ______ enferma.
a. estás
b. estoy
c. está
d. esta
Tú _________ contenta.
a. estamos
b. estás
c. está
d. estoy
Conversaciones con Estar
Alegre -- happy Aburrido/a -- boredBueno/Bien -- good Energético/a -- energetic, livelyTriste -- sad Amable -- FriendlyEnojado/a -- angry Enfermo/a -- sickHermoso/a -- beautiful Calmo/a -- calmCansado/a -- tired Relajado/a -- relaxed
¿Cómo estás? How are you?
Yo estoy _______ . I am…
La Conjugación de SerSer - to be
Yo soy I am
Tú eres You are (informal)
Él/ella/usted es He is/She is/You are (formal)
Nosotros/as somos We are
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes son They are/You are (plural)
Practice with Ser :)
La casa _____ roja.
a. es
b. soy
c. somos
d. eres
Yo _____ de Nueva York.
a. somos
b. soy
c. es
d. eres
Nosotros __________ estudiantes.
a. somos
b. es
c. son
d. soy
¿De dónde _____ ella?
a. eres
b. soy
c. es
d. somos
El libro _____ azul.
a. son
b. eres
c. estoy
d. es
Ellas _____ pequeñas.
a. están
b. eres
c. soy
d. son
How to tell time in SpanishTo tell the time in Spanish, we use a conjugated form of ser along with a number from 1 to 12.
When we say it is 1:00, we use the form es.
One o’clock : Es la una.
If we want to say that it is any time from 2:00 to 12:00, we say:
Son las (dos/tres/cuatro/etc).
How to Tell Time in SpanishBut what if you want to say that it is 1:30? In Spanish, to say how many minutes have passed, we use one of three combinations:
es + la + una (+ number of minutes) Es la una treinta. It is 1:30.
es + la + una (+ y + number of minutes) Es la una y treinta. It is 1:30.
es + la + una (+ con + number of minutes) Es la una con treinta. It is 1:30.
We use the same rules if we want to say that it is 2:40 or 5:15 and so on.
Son + las (+ hour + number of minutes) Son las cinco veinte. It is 5:20.
Son + las (+ y + hour + number of minutes) Son las cinco y veinte. It is 5:20.
Son + las (+ con + hour + number of minutes) Son las cinco con veinte. It is 5:20.
Summary ● The subject pronouns in Spanish are yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, nosotras, ellos, ellas, and
ustedes
○ Each subject pronoun corresponds to a certain conjugation of a verb
● In Spanish, unconjugated (unchanged) verbs are called infinitive verbs
● Ser and estar both mean “to be” in Spanish, but they are used differently (we’ll explain in the
next lesson)
● Ser is conjugated as soy, eres, es, somos, and son
● Estar is conjugated as estoy, estás, está, estamos, and están
● To say it is 1:00 in Spanish, we say es la una. The rest of the hours use son las ______.
La cultura de España
Albondigas
Gazpacho
Friday’s extra lesson-- looking forward to it!
- Friday 4:00-4:45- Review and practice- Play review games- More conversations using Spanish
**Please fill out the google form to register. We will send out emails for confirmation!
https://forms.gle/Ev6TwtNhTdeMkQor9
For the next lesson
Distinguish Estar and Ser Although both estar and ser mean “to be”, we use them in different situations.
Estar: PLACE
1. Position2. Location3. Actions 4. Conditions5. Emotions
Ser: DOCTOR
1. Descriptions2. Occupations 3. Characteristics 4. Time 5. Origin 6. Relationships
Estar PLACE Sentences!Position: Mi abuela está sentada. My grandmother is seated.
Location: Mi abuelo está en la luna. My grandfather is on the moon.
Action: Estamos leyendo los libros. We are reading the newspapers.
Condition: Mi padre está un poco cansado. My father is a little crazy.
Emotion: Estoy triste. I am sad.
Ser DOCTOR Sentences!Descriptions: Él es divertido. (He is fun.)
Occupations: Mi padre es médico. (My dad is a doctor.)
Characteristics: Yo soy pelirroja. (I am redheaded.)
Origin: Julián es de Colombia. (Julian is from Colombia.)
Relationships: Arturo es mi padre. (Arthur is my dad.)
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