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Specialised cells
To know how animal and plant cells are adapted for different functions
Wednesday, April 19, 2023
RecapWhat parts of a cell are found within animal cells and plant cells?
Animal cells: -NucleusCell membraneCytoplasm
Plant cells: -All of the above +Cell wallVacuoleChloroplasts
Specialisation
Can you think of any cells which are specialised? How are they specialised, and for what reason?
Many organisms are multi-cellular - they are made up of lots of cells, not just one!
Many of these cells are specialised, sharing out the life processes (they work together as a team, supporting the organism)
Specialist cells occur in both animals and plants…
Examples
Using the microscopes, have a look at some specialised cells
You do not need to write anything down, but see if you can identify what the cell looks like, and come up with a reason as to why it is specialised - how, and for what purpose?
Animal CellsThe table below shows some specialised animal cells
Using your sheet, draw out the cells which have been identified…
Animal Cell Cell Diagram Function Specialisation
Red blood cells To carry oxygen Large surface area for oxygen
Haemoglobin which binds the oxygen
Lacks nucleus when mature
Nerve cell To carry nerve impulses to different parts of the body
Long
Connections at each end
Can carry electrical signals
Female reproductive cell
To join with a male cell, and then to provide food for the new cell that has formed
Large
Contains a large amount of cytoplasm
Male reproductive cell
To reach the female cell in order to join with it Long tail for swimming
Head which is able to penetrate the female cell
* Make the drawings as clear, and accurate as possible
Plant CellsThe table below shows some specialised plant cells
Using your sheet, draw out the cells which have been identified…
Plant Cell Cell Diagram Function Specialisation
Root hair cell To absorb water and minerals Large surface area
Leaf cell To absorb sunlight (needed for photosynthesis)
Large surface area
Many chloroplasts (containing chlorophyll, needed for photosynthesis)
* Make the drawings as clear, and accurate as possible
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