Spi Trade Cics Course Ware (Adv Cics)

Version 2 SPI Confidential 1

Advanced CICS

ContentsA. Coding CICS ProgramB. Sample ProgramC. Temporary storage controlD. Some more CICS commands &

programming techniquesE. Processing files sequentiallyF. More CICS control featuresG. Legacy coding conventions

A. Coding CICS Program

How to code a CICS program

• How to control the execution of the programs within a task

• How to work with mapsets• How to work with files• Other coding essentials

How to control the execution of the programs within a task

• The operation of program control commands

• RETURN command• XCTL command• LINK command• COBOL CALL statement• ABEND command

The operation of program control commands

Flow of control between programs and subprogramsA02a1

RETURN commandA02b

XCTL commandA02c

LINK commandA02d

COBOL CALL statement

Syntax:CALL (‘subprogram-name | data-area)

[USING identifier-1 …]

Example:MOVE COMMUNICATION-AREA TO

DFHCOMMAREA.CALL ‘GETINV’ USING DFHEIBLK,

DFHCOMMAREA, INV-INVOICE-NUMBER.

ABEND command

Syntax:EXEC CICS

ABEND [ABCODE (abend-code)][NODUMP]

END-EXEC

How to work with mapsets

Syntax of SEND MAPEXEC CICS

SEND MAP (map-name)[MAPSET(mapset-name)][FROM (data-name)][MAPONLY | DATAONLY][ERASE | ERASEAUP][ALARM][CURSOR [(data-value)]]

END-EXEC

Syntax of RECEIVE MAPEXEC CICS

RECEIVE MAP(map-name) [MAPSET(mapset-name)] [INTO (data-name)]

END-EXEC

How to work with files

• READ command• WRITE command• REWRITE command• DELETE command• UNLOCK command

READ commandSyntax:EXEC CICS

READ FILE (filename) INTO (data-name) RIDFLD (data-name)[RRN | RBA][UPDATE]

END-EXEC

Example:EXEC CICS

READ FILE (‘CUSTMAS’) INTO (CUSTOMER-MASTER-RECORD) RIDFLD (CM-CUSTOMER-NUMBER) UPDATE RESP(RESPONSE-CODE)

END-EXEC

WRITE commandSyntax:EXEC CICS

WRITE FILE (filename) FROM (data-name) RIDFLD (data-name)[RRN | RBA]

END-EXEC

Example:EXEC CICS

WRITE FILE (‘CUSTMAS’) INTO (CUSTOMER-MASTER-RECORD) RIDFLD (CM-CUSTOMER-NUMBER) RESP(RESPONSE-CODE)

END-EXEC

REWRITE commandSyntax:EXEC CICS

REWRITE FILE (filename) FROM (data-name)

END-EXEC

Example:EXEC CICS

REWRITE FILE (‘CUSTMAS’) FROM (CUSTOMER-MASTER-RECORD) RESP(RESPONSE-CODE)

END-EXEC

DELETE commandSyntax:EXEC CICS

DELETE FILE (filename) RIDFLD (data-name)[RRN | RBA]

END-EXEC

Example (record previously read for update):EXEC CICS

DELETE FILE (‘CUSTMAS’) RESP(RESPONSE-CODE)

END-EXEC

Example (record not previously read for update):EXEC CICS

DELETE FILE (‘CUSTMAS’) RIDFLD (CUSTOMER-MASTER-RECORD) RESP(RESPONSE-CODE)

END-EXEC

UNLOCK commandSyntax:EXEC CICS

UNLOCK FILE (filename)END-EXEC

Example:EXEC CICS

UNLOCK FILE (‘CUSTMAS’)END-EXEC

Potential problems when updating file

• One program changes or deletes a record while another is trying to update it

• Deadlock: Two tasks are each waiting for a resource that the other is holding.

Other coding essentials

• Common exceptional conditions• Using response code• Defining communication area• Managing event context of a

program

Common exceptional conditionsA05a

Using response codeSyntax:[RESP (data-name)]

Example:EXEC CICS

READ FILE (‘CUSTMAS’) INTO (CUSTOMER-MASTER-RECORD) RIDFLD (CM-CUSTOMER-NUMBER) RESP(RESPONSE-CODE)

END-EXEC

EVALUATE RESPONSE-CODEWHEN DFHRESP(NORMAL)

MOVE input-fields TO display-areaWHEN DFHRESP(NOTFND)

MOVE “Customer does not exist” TO message-display-areaWHEN OTHER

EXEC CICSABEND

END-EXECEND-EVALUATE

Defining communication area01 COMMUNICATION-AREA.

05 CA-CONTEXT-FLAG PIC X.88 PROCESS-KEY-MAP VALUE ‘1’.88 PROCESS-ADD-CUSTOMER VALUE ‘2’.88 PROCESS-CHANGE-CUSTOMER VALUE ‘3’.88 PROCESS-DEL-CUSTOMER VALUE ‘4’.

05 CA-CUSTOMER-RECORD.10 CA-CUSTOMER-NUMBER PIC X(6).10 FILLER PIC X(112).

Sample Program (Requirement)A05d

Event/response chartA05e

Managing event context of a programA05f

B. Sample CICS Program

Structure chartB01

Program codeB02a

Program code (contd.)B02b

Program code (contd.)B02c

Program code (contd.)B02d

Program code (contd.)B02e

Program code (contd.)B02f

Program code (contd.)B02g

Program code (contd.)B02h

C. Temporary storage control

Temporary storage queue conceptsC01

WRITEQ TS commandC02

Syntax:

EXEC CICS WRITEQ TS {QUEUE | QNAME} (queue-name)

FROM (data-name) [ITEM (data-name) REWRITE] [NUMITEMS(data-name)] [MAIN | AUXILIARY]

END-EXEC

Example:

Add record to TSQEXEC CICS

WRITEQ TS QUEUE (TS-QUEUE-NAME) FROM (TS-QUEUE-RECORD)

END-EXEC

Update an existing record in TSQEXEC CICS

WRITEQ TS QUEUE (TS-QUEUE-NAME) FROM (TS-QUEUE-RECORD) ITEM (TS-ITEM-NUMBER) REWRITE RESP (RESPONSE-CODE

END-EXEC

READQ TS commandC03

Syntax:

EXEC CICS READQ TS { QUEUE | QNAME} (queue-name)

INTO (data-name) [ ITEM (data-name) |

literal |NEXT ]

[ NUMITEMS (data-name) ]END-EXEC

Example:

Read a record from TSQ randomlyEXEC CICS

READQ TS QUEUE (TS-QUEUE-NAME) INTO (TS-QUEUE-RECORD) ITEM (TS-ITEM-NUMBER) RESP (RESPONSE-CODE)

END-EXEC

Read the next record from TSQEXEC CICS

READQ TS QUEUE (TS-QUEUE-NAME) INTO (TS-QUEUE-RECORD) NEXT

END-EXEC

DELETEQ TS commandC04

Syntax:

EXEC CICS DELETEQ TS { QUEUE | QNAME} (queue-name)END-EXEC

Example:

Delete a TSQEXEC CICS

DELETEQ TS QUEUE (TS-QUEUE-NAME)RESP (RESPONSE-CODE

END-EXEC

Sample program using TSQC05a

Sample program using TSQ (contd.)C05b

Sample program using TSQ (contd.)C05c

Temporary storage command - CEBR

The CEBR command lets one browse the contents of a temporary storage queue which may be required while testing a program.

The syntax is as follows: CEBR (queue-name)

This brings up the details of the queue specified in the queue-name option, as shown below.

D. Some more CICS commands & programming techniques

Some more CICS commands & programming techniques

• Terminal handling techniques– Positioning the cursor– Modifying field attributes– Optimizing data transmission– Identifying data entry fields– Editing input data– Editing numeric data– Sample programs that edit numeric data– Using SEND TEXT command

• Handling unrecoverable errors– Invoking a general error handling program– COBOL code for general error handling

• Accessing data using Linkage Section– Using fields in the EIB– Accessing CICS areas

• Formatting date & time– Using ASKTIME command– Using FORMATTIME command

Terminal handling techniques: Positioning the cursor

Using IC option in DFHMDFCUSTNO DFHMDF POS=(2,26), X

LENGTH=6, XATTRB=(NORM, UNPROT, IC), X

Using direct cursor positioningEXEC CICS

SEND MAP (‘MNTMAP1’)MAPSET(‘MNTSET1’)FROM(MNTMAP1O)CURSOR(346)

END-EXEC

Using symbolic cursor positioningMOVE -1 TO CUSTNOIL.

EXEC CICSSEND MAP (‘MNTMAP1’)

MAPSET(‘MNTSET1’)FROM(MNTMAP1O)CURSOR

END-EXEC

Terminal handling techniques: Modifying field attributesD02b1

Terminal handling techniques: Modifying field attributesD02b2

Terminal handling techniques: Optimizing data transmission

Minimize data sent from program to terminalMove Low-Value to symbolic map fields present on screen and should remain unchangedUse DATAONLY with SEND MAP when sending data using a map already onscreen

Terminal handling techniques: Optimizing data transmission (contd.)

Minimize data sent to program when user presses attention keyMaintain copy of screen-fields in CASpecifying FRSET on SEND MAP to turn off the MDT of all unprotected fieldsAfter issuing RECEIVE MAP, merge new entries with fields saved in CA from previous transmission

Terminal handling techniques: Screen format recommendations

Terminal handling techniques: Identifying data entry fields

Terminal handling techniques: Editing input dataD02e

Terminal handling techniques: Editing numeric data

Terminal handling techniques: Sample program that edits numeric data (INTEDIT)

Terminal handling techniques: Sample program that edits numeric data (NUMEDIT)

D02g2a

Terminal handling techniques: Sample program that edits numeric data (NUMEDIT)

D02g2b

Terminal handling techniques: Using SEND TEXT command

Syntax:EXEC CICS

SEND TEXT FROM (data-name)[ERASE][FREEKB]

END-EXEC

Example:WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.01 TERMINATION-MESSAGE PIC X(14) VALUE “Session ended”.

.PROCEDURE DIVISION.

.EXEC CICS

SEND TEXT FROM (TERMINATION-MESSAGE) ERASE FREEKB

END-EXEC

Handling unrecoverable errors: Invoking a general error handling program

Handling unrecoverable errors: COBOL code for general error handling

Accessing data using Linkage SectionUsing fields in the EIB

Accessing data using Linkage SectionAccessing CICS areasD04b

Syntax:

EXEC CICSADDRESS [CWA (pointer)]

[TWA (pointer)] [TCTUA (pointer)]

END-EXEC

Sample:

LINKAGE SECTION.

* 01 DFHCOMMAREA PIC X.* 01 COMMON-WORK-AREA.

05 CWA-CURRENT-DATE PIC X(8).05 CWA-COMPANY-NAMEPIC X(30).

* PROCEDURE DIVISION.* .

.EXEC CICS

ADDRESS CWA (ADDRESS OF COMMON-WORK-AREA)END-EXEC.MOVE CWA-COMPANY-NAME TO COMPO.

Formatting date & timeUsing ASKTIME command

SYNTAX:

EXEC CICSASKTIME [ABSTIME (data-name)

END-EXEC

Sample: WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.

01 DATE-AND-TIME-FIELDS.05 ABSOLUTE-TIME PIC S9(15) COMP-3...

PROCEDURE DIVISION...EXEC CICS

ASKTIME ABSTIME (ABSOLUTE-TIME))END-EXEC...

Formatting date & timeUsing FORMATTIME commandD05b1

Formatting date & timeUsing FORMATTIME command (contd.)D05b2

Formatting date & timeUsing FORMATTIME command (contd.)

SamplesFormat default date & time

EXEC CICSFORMATTIME ABSTIME (ABSOLUTE-TIME)

DATE(WS-DATE) DATESEP TIME(WS-TIME) TIMESEP

END-EXEC

Format dd-mm-yyyy dateEXEC CICS

FORMATTIME ABSTIME (ABSOLUTE-TIME) DDMMYYYY(WS-FULL-

DATE) DATESEP(‘-’)

END-EXEC

E. Processing files sequentially

Processing files sequentially

• STARTBR• READNEXT & READPREV• ENDBR• RESETBR

Processing files sequentially STARTBR

Syntax of STARTBREXEC CICS

STARTBR FILE(filename) RIDFLD(data-name)

[RRN | RBA] [GTEQ | EQUAL] [GENERIC] [KEYLENGTH (data-name) | literal]

END-EXEC

Sample of STARTBREXEC CICS

STARTBR FILE(‘CUSTMAS’) RIDFLD(CM-CUSTOMER-NUMBER)

RESP(RESPONSE-CODE)END-EXEC

Processing files sequentially Controlling STARTBR position

Processing files sequentially READNEXT & READPREV

Syntax of READNEXT & READPREV

EXEC CICS [READNEXT | READPREV] FILE(filename)

INTO(data-name) RIDFLD(data-name) [RRN | RBA] [KEYLENGTH (data-name) | literal]

END-EXEC

Processing files sequentially A typical READNEXT procedure

Processing files sequentially ENDBR

Syntax of ENDBR

EXEC CICS ENDBR FILE(filename)

END-EXEC

SampleEXEC CICS

ENDBR FILE(‘INVOICE’)END-EXEC

Processing files sequentially RESETBR

Syntax of RESETBREXEC CICS

RESETBR FILE(filename) RIDFLD(data-name)

[RRN | RBA][GTEQ | EQUAL][GENERIC][KEYLENGTH (data-name | literal)]

END-EXEC

SampleEXEC CICS

RESETBR FILE(‘CUSTMAS’)RIDFLD(CM-CUSTOMER-NUMBER)EQUALRESP(RESPONSE-CODE)

END-EXEC

Processing files sequentially Exceptional conditions

F. More CICS control features

More CICS control features

• Interval control– Automatic time-ordered transaction– START– RETRIEVE– CANCEL– DELAY

• Task control– SUSPEND– ENQ & DEQ

• Storage control– GETMAIN– FREEMAIN

Interval control Automatic time-ordered transaction initiation

Interval controlAutomatic time-ordered transaction initiation (contd.)

Interval control START

Interval control START examples

Interval control RETRIEVE

Syntax of RETRIEVEEXEC CICS

RETRIEVE INTO(data-name)[RTRANSID(data-name)][RTERMID(data-name)][QUEUE(data-name)]

END-EXEC

SampleEXEC CICS

RETRIEVE INTO(ITEM-NUMBER)RESP(RESPONSE-CODE)

END-EXEC

Ref:EXEC CICS

START TRANSID(‘LST1’) FROM(ITEM-NUMBER)

END-EXEC

Interval control CANCEL

Syntax of CANCELEXEC CICS

CANCEL REQID(request-id)END-EXEC

Interval Control DELAY - syntax

EXEC CICS DELAY ( (INTERVAL(HHMMSS) ) (TIME(HHMMSS) ) (FOR (HOURS (HH)) (MINUTES(MM)) (SECONDS(SS)) ) (UNTIL (HOURS (HH)) (MINUTES(MM)) (SECONDS(SS)) ) (REQID (name)) END-EXEC.

INTERVAL : A 7 digit packed decimal (PIC S9(7) COMP-3) specifies the duration for delay coded in the form of HHMMSS

TIME : A 7 digit packed decimal (PIC S9(7) COMP-3) specifies the time of the day when the delay will end coded in the form of HHMMSS

FOR : Specifies that the HOURS,MINUTES and SECONDS options indicate a duration for the delay.

UNTIL: Specifies that the HOURS,MINUTES and SECONDS options indicate a time of the day when th DELAY will end.

HOURS : Specifies PIC S9(8)COMP in the range of 0 to 99MINUTES: Specifies PIC S9(8)COMP in the range of 0 to 59SECONDS: Specifies PIC S9(8)COMP in the range of 0 to 99REQID : Specifies a 1-8 character request indenitifier that is associated with the DELAY

command.

Interval Control DELAY – contd.

The Delay command helps in suspending the task until a specified time interval has elapsed or a specified time of day has arrived.

This is not used widely as there are not much good uses of this command.

In some cases it might be necessary to force a minimum response time on terminal transactions, and in such cases DELAY command can be used.

Issue a DELAY command just before the SEND MAP command by specifying the time limit in the TIME or UNTIL option. A better alternative is to use POST,WAIT command.

The DELAY command can be used in one more possible area, i.e when the program needs to retry an operation after a failure allowing time for the operator to correct the problem that caused the failure. In this case the task can be delayed for some time say 15 second before the retrying the operation. But make sure to limit the number of retries so that the task doesn't wait indefinitely.

Interval Control DELAY – contd.

There are two ways to use the HOURS,MINUTES,SECONDS options following the FOR option.

If used in combination the ranges are 0-99 for hours, 0-59 for minutes and 0-59 for seconds, if a single option is specified then a larger range can be specified.

For Ex: FOR Minutes(1) Seconds(30) cane also be specified as SECONDS(90).

If the REQID option is used, then make sure to pass the request identifier value to the other programs so that they can be used to CANCEL the DELAY request.

POST and WAIT commands also achieve the same result.The CANCEL command specified with the same request ID will

terminate/cancel the already issued DLEAY or POST command.

EXEC CICS CANCELREQID(id)

END-EXEC.

Task Control SUSPEND.

Syntax

EXEC CICSSUSPEND

END-EXEC

Task Control ENQ and DEQ.

SyntaxEXEC CICS

{ENQ | DEQ} RESOURCE(data-name)END-EXEC

SamplesEXEC CICS

ENQ RESOURCE(DSTINATION-ID)END-EXEC

EXEC CICSDEQ RESOURCE(DSTINATION-ID)

END-EXEC

Storage Control GETMAIN

SyntaxEXEC CICS

GETMAIN SET(pointer) FLENGTH(data-name | literal) [BELOW][INITIMG(data-name)]

Storage Control FREEMAIN

SyntaxEXEC CICS

FREEMAIN DATA(data-name)DATAPOINTER(pointer)

END-EXEC

SamplesEXEC CICS

FREEMAIN DATA(PRODUCT-RECORD)END-EXEC

EXEC CICSFREEMAIN DATAPOINTER(ADDRESS OF PRODUCT-RECORD)

END-EXEC

G. Legacy coding conventions

Legacy coding conventions

• HANDLE AID• HANDLE CONDITION

Legacy coding conventions HANDLE AID

Syntax of HANDLE AIDEXEC CICS

HANDLE AIDoption [(procedure-name)] …

END-EXEC

SamplesHandles two AID keysEXEC CICS

HANDLE AID PF3(1100-PF3) CLEAR(1100-CLEAR)

END-EXEC

Handles all AID keys except ENTEREXEC CICS

HANDLE AID PF3(1100-PF3) ANYKEY(1100-

ANYKEY) CLEAR

END-EXEC

Common options

PA1-PA3, PF1-PF24,ENTER,CLEAR,ANYKEY

Legacy coding conventionsHANDLE AID sampleG02b

Legacy coding conventions HANDLE CONDITION

Syntax of HANDLE CONDITIONEXEC CICS

HANDLE CONDITION condition-name [(procedure-name)] …END-EXEC

Legacy coding conventionsHANDLE CONDITION sampleG03b

Spi Trade Cics Course Ware (Adv Cics)

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