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States of MatterStates of Matter
What is Matter?What is Matter?
What is Matter?What is Matter?MatterMatter: Anything that has : Anything that has volumevolume and and massmass. . VolumeVolume: The amount of space an object takes : The amount of space an object takes
up. If something takes up space it is matter.up. If something takes up space it is matter.Mass:Mass: The amount of matter (stuff) in an The amount of matter (stuff) in an
object.object.DensityDensity: the amount of matter in a given : the amount of matter in a given
volume.volume.
The desksThe desks
The tablesThe tables
The dust on the counterThe dust on the counter
Our clothesOur clothes
Our booksOur books
Us Us
Every
thing is
made of m
atter
WhAt ThIngS ArE MaDe Of MaTteR?
Calculating VolumeCalculating Volume
Liquid Volume:Liquid Volume:- Graduated CylinderGraduated Cylinder
Solid Volume:Solid Volume:- Regular Shape; measure and calculate- Regular Shape; measure and calculate- Irregular Shape: Volume by DisplacementIrregular Shape: Volume by Displacement
DensityDensity
The amount of matter in a given volumeThe amount of matter in a given volumeDensity = mass divided by volume Density = mass divided by volume D =D =MM
VVDensity can be used to identify substancesDensity can be used to identify substances
The density is the same regardless of the The density is the same regardless of the size of the object.size of the object.
Mass = 96.6g
Volume = 5.0 cm3
Mass = 193.2g
Volume = 10 cm3Mass = 48.3g
Volume = 2.5 cm3
Characteristic PropertiesCharacteristic Properties
A quality of a substance that never A quality of a substance that never changes and can be used to identify the changes and can be used to identify the substance. (Also called physical substance. (Also called physical property)property)
These properties include:These properties include:
- Melting Point- Boiling Point- Thermal Conductivity- Electrical Conductivity- Solubility
- Hardness- Density- Malleability- Ductility
3 States of Matter3 States of Matter
1.1. SolidsSolids
2.2. LiquidsLiquids
3.3. GasesGases
SolidsSolids Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position. about a fixed position. Solids have a definite shape and a definite Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. volume. Solids do not flow easily because the Solids do not flow easily because the particles cannot move/slide past one another particles cannot move/slide past one another
LiquidsLiquids Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another. far enough apart to slide over one another. Liquids have an indefinite shape and a Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume. definite volume. Liquids flow easily because the particles can Liquids flow easily because the particles can move/slide past one another.move/slide past one another.
GasesGases Particles of gases are very far apart and Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely. move freely. Gases have an indefinite shape and an Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. indefinite volume. Gases flow very easily because the particles Gases flow very easily because the particles randomly move past one another.randomly move past one another.
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