Step Up To: Discovering Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy.D. From: Hockenbury & Hockenbury...

Step Up To: Step Up To: Discovering PsychologyDiscovering Psychology

by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.

Step Up To: Step Up To: Discovering PsychologyDiscovering Psychology

by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.

From: Hockenbury & From: Hockenbury & HockenburyHockenbury

Discovering Psychology Discovering Psychology 4e4eWorth Publishers (2007)Worth Publishers (2007)

From: Hockenbury & From: Hockenbury & HockenburyHockenbury

Discovering Psychology Discovering Psychology 4e4eWorth Publishers (2007)Worth Publishers (2007)

Chapter 13: Psychological Chapter 13: Psychological DisordersDisorders

Chapter 13: Psychological Chapter 13: Psychological DisordersDisorders

What’s abnormal?

Me, Nervous?

Moody Blues

You’ve got Personality

Did you hear it, too?

100

200

300

400

500

What’s abnormal?

100

200

300

400

500

Me, Nervous?

100

200

300

400

500

Moody Blues

100

200

300

400

500

You’ve got Personality

100

200

300

400

500

Did you hear it, too?

1.1. In order for behavior to be In order for behavior to be considered a psychological considered a psychological disorder, it must either:disorder, it must either:

1.1. In order for behavior to be In order for behavior to be considered a psychological considered a psychological disorder, it must either:disorder, it must either:

• A) be out of the ordinary or dangerous.

• B) make others uncomfortable or put them at risk.

• C) put them at risk to harm themselves or to harm others.

• D) cause distress or impair functioning.

• A) be out of the ordinary or dangerous.

• B) make others uncomfortable or put them at risk.

• C) put them at risk to harm themselves or to harm others.

• D) cause distress or impair functioning.

2. 2. The book that officially The book that officially classifies all the different classifies all the different psychological disorders is the:psychological disorders is the:

2. 2. The book that officially The book that officially classifies all the different classifies all the different psychological disorders is the:psychological disorders is the:

• A) APA-Dx.

• B) DSM-IV-TR.

• C) ICD-10.

• D) NCS.

• A) APA-Dx.

• B) DSM-IV-TR.

• C) ICD-10.

• D) NCS.

3.3. According to an NCS study, According to an NCS study, the lifetime prevalence of the lifetime prevalence of psychological disorders is psychological disorders is about:about:

3.3. According to an NCS study, According to an NCS study, the lifetime prevalence of the lifetime prevalence of psychological disorders is psychological disorders is about:about:• A) 30%.

• B) 20%.

• C) 40%.

• D) 50%.

• A) 30%.

• B) 20%.

• C) 40%.

• D) 50%.

4.4. The NCS found that women The NCS found that women had a higher prevalence of ___ had a higher prevalence of ___ disorders and men had a disorders and men had a higher prevalence of ___ higher prevalence of ___ disorders.disorders.

4.4. The NCS found that women The NCS found that women had a higher prevalence of ___ had a higher prevalence of ___ disorders and men had a disorders and men had a higher prevalence of ___ higher prevalence of ___ disorders.disorders.

• A) anxiety; substance abuse

• B) anxiety; depression

• C) depression; anxiety

• D) substance abuse; antisocial personality

• A) anxiety; substance abuse

• B) anxiety; depression

• C) depression; anxiety

• D) substance abuse; antisocial personality

5. 5. Which of these is an Which of these is an important qualification for a important qualification for a psychological disorder?psychological disorder?

5. 5. Which of these is an Which of these is an important qualification for a important qualification for a psychological disorder?psychological disorder?

• A) There must be suffering.

• B) It depends on the prevailing culture.

• C) There must be suffering and it must impair the ability to function.

• D) It must be rare.

• A) There must be suffering.

• B) It depends on the prevailing culture.

• C) There must be suffering and it must impair the ability to function.

• D) It must be rare.

6.6. Normal anxiety is different Normal anxiety is different from pathological anxiety in that from pathological anxiety in that for it to be a disorder:for it to be a disorder:

6.6. Normal anxiety is different Normal anxiety is different from pathological anxiety in that from pathological anxiety in that for it to be a disorder:for it to be a disorder:

• A) it must be irrational.

• B) it is uncontrollable.

• C) it is disruptive.

• D) all of the above must be true.

• A) it must be irrational.

• B) it is uncontrollable.

• C) it is disruptive.

• D) all of the above must be true.

7.7. Generalized anxiety disorder Generalized anxiety disorder is sometimes referred to as: is sometimes referred to as: 7.7. Generalized anxiety disorder Generalized anxiety disorder is sometimes referred to as: is sometimes referred to as:

• A) acute stress disorder.

• B) chronic stress disorder.

• C) free-floating anxiety.

• D) nonspecific target anxiety.

• A) acute stress disorder.

• B) chronic stress disorder.

• C) free-floating anxiety.

• D) nonspecific target anxiety.

8.8. According to the cognitive-According to the cognitive-behavioral theory of panic behavioral theory of panic disorder, people with panic disorder, people with panic disorder:disorder:

8.8. According to the cognitive-According to the cognitive-behavioral theory of panic behavioral theory of panic disorder, people with panic disorder, people with panic disorder:disorder:• A) always experience anxiety when they

face the same situation.

• B) misinterpret the physical signs of arousal.

• C) have flashbacks to an earlier stressful event.

• D) have regularly predicted panic attacks.

• A) always experience anxiety when they face the same situation.

• B) misinterpret the physical signs of arousal.

• C) have flashbacks to an earlier stressful event.

• D) have regularly predicted panic attacks.

9.9. Agoraphobia is: Agoraphobia is: 9.9. Agoraphobia is: Agoraphobia is:

• A) fear of the marketplace.

• B) fear of experiencing a panic attack.

• C) fear of spiders.

• D) fear of heights.

• A) fear of the marketplace.

• B) fear of experiencing a panic attack.

• C) fear of spiders.

• D) fear of heights.

10. 10. John mentally counts John mentally counts whenever he is out in public. whenever he is out in public. This is an example of:This is an example of:

10. 10. John mentally counts John mentally counts whenever he is out in public. whenever he is out in public. This is an example of:This is an example of:• A) a specific phobia.

• B) a panic attack.

• C) an obsession.

• D) a compulsion.

• A) a specific phobia.

• B) a panic attack.

• C) an obsession.

• D) a compulsion.

11.11. Which of the following would Which of the following would notnot be an example of Major be an example of Major Depression?Depression?

11.11. Which of the following would Which of the following would notnot be an example of Major be an example of Major Depression?Depression?• A) Bob, who does not make eye contact

and feels hopeless

• B) Jamie, who is preoccupied with death

• C) Steve, who can’t sleep because his father died a couple days ago

• D) Mary, who has had a loss of appetite and can’t stop crying

• A) Bob, who does not make eye contact and feels hopeless

• B) Jamie, who is preoccupied with death

• C) Steve, who can’t sleep because his father died a couple days ago

• D) Mary, who has had a loss of appetite and can’t stop crying

12.12. Without treatment, those Without treatment, those who have been through one who have been through one episode of Major Depression:episode of Major Depression:

12.12. Without treatment, those Without treatment, those who have been through one who have been through one episode of Major Depression:episode of Major Depression:• A) have a 50% chance of having

another episode.• B) are unlikely to have another

occurrence in at least 5 years.• C) learn to cope with their

depression.• D) usually commit suicide within

the next year.

• A) have a 50% chance of having another episode.

• B) are unlikely to have another occurrence in at least 5 years.

• C) learn to cope with their depression.

• D) usually commit suicide within the next year.

13.13. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If it is the opposite of mania? If it is the opposite of depression, that sounds great.” depression, that sounds great.” You tell Jim a major problem that You tell Jim a major problem that individuals with mania experience individuals with mania experience is:is:

13.13. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If it is the opposite of mania? If it is the opposite of depression, that sounds great.” depression, that sounds great.” You tell Jim a major problem that You tell Jim a major problem that individuals with mania experience individuals with mania experience is:is:• A) they just want more and more

excitement.• B) grandiosity removes all limits on

their thoughts and behavior.• C) they ignore pain and just feel

great.• D) happiness is not in perspective

to what is going on around them.

• A) they just want more and more excitement.

• B) grandiosity removes all limits on their thoughts and behavior.

• C) they ignore pain and just feel great.

• D) happiness is not in perspective to what is going on around them.

14.14. ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Bipolar Disorder.___ is to Bipolar Disorder.14.14. ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Bipolar Disorder.___ is to Bipolar Disorder.

• A) sadness; happiness

• B) acute; chronic

• C) dysthymia; cyclothymia

• D) cyclothymia; dysthymia

• A) sadness; happiness

• B) acute; chronic

• C) dysthymia; cyclothymia

• D) cyclothymia; dysthymia

15.15. The drug lithium is usually The drug lithium is usually the drug of choice for bipolar the drug of choice for bipolar disorder because it regulates:disorder because it regulates:

15.15. The drug lithium is usually The drug lithium is usually the drug of choice for bipolar the drug of choice for bipolar disorder because it regulates:disorder because it regulates:

• A) norepinephrine.

• B) serotonin.

• C) stress hormones.

• D) glutamate.

• A) norepinephrine.

• B) serotonin.

• C) stress hormones.

• D) glutamate.

16.16. This personality disorder lacks This personality disorder lacks control over impulses and is most control over impulses and is most likely to harm his/her self.likely to harm his/her self.

16.16. This personality disorder lacks This personality disorder lacks control over impulses and is most control over impulses and is most likely to harm his/her self.likely to harm his/her self.

• A) multiple personality disorder

• B) antisocial personality disorder

• C) paranoid personality disorder

• D) borderline personality disorder

• A) multiple personality disorder

• B) antisocial personality disorder

• C) paranoid personality disorder

• D) borderline personality disorder

17.17. Showing little or no remorse, Showing little or no remorse, the person with ___ personality the person with ___ personality disorder will frequently deceive disorder will frequently deceive or manipulate others for his/her or manipulate others for his/her own personal gain.own personal gain.

17.17. Showing little or no remorse, Showing little or no remorse, the person with ___ personality the person with ___ personality disorder will frequently deceive disorder will frequently deceive or manipulate others for his/her or manipulate others for his/her own personal gain.own personal gain.• A) borderline

• B) paranoid

• C) antisocial

• D) histrionic

• A) borderline

• B) paranoid

• C) antisocial

• D) histrionic

18.18. Those with antisocial Those with antisocial personality disorder have met the personality disorder have met the criteria for another disorder in criteria for another disorder in childhood or adolescence, and that childhood or adolescence, and that disorder is: disorder is:

18.18. Those with antisocial Those with antisocial personality disorder have met the personality disorder have met the criteria for another disorder in criteria for another disorder in childhood or adolescence, and that childhood or adolescence, and that disorder is: disorder is: • A) paranoid personality disorder.

• B) conduct disorder.

• C) schizophrenia.

• D) drug abuse.

• A) paranoid personality disorder.

• B) conduct disorder.

• C) schizophrenia.

• D) drug abuse.

19.19. In this disorder, the individual In this disorder, the individual will have many alter egos, holding will have many alter egos, holding separate memories, emotions, and separate memories, emotions, and motives.motives.

19.19. In this disorder, the individual In this disorder, the individual will have many alter egos, holding will have many alter egos, holding separate memories, emotions, and separate memories, emotions, and motives.motives.

• A) multiple personality disorder

• B) dissociative identity disorder

• C) dissociative fugue

• D) schizophrenia

• A) multiple personality disorder

• B) dissociative identity disorder

• C) dissociative fugue

• D) schizophrenia

20.20. Researchers have a problem Researchers have a problem with the “traumatic memory” with the “traumatic memory” explanation of dissociative identity explanation of dissociative identity disorder because:disorder because:

20.20. Researchers have a problem Researchers have a problem with the “traumatic memory” with the “traumatic memory” explanation of dissociative identity explanation of dissociative identity disorder because:disorder because:

• A) just the opposite effect occurs in most trauma victims.

• B) most DID patients do not report early abuse.

• C) trauma victims usually repress memories but do not develop DID.

• D) none of the above are true.

• A) just the opposite effect occurs in most trauma victims.

• B) most DID patients do not report early abuse.

• C) trauma victims usually repress memories but do not develop DID.

• D) none of the above are true.

21. 21. A false belief that is A false belief that is strongly held in spite of strongly held in spite of contradictory evidence is:contradictory evidence is:

21. 21. A false belief that is A false belief that is strongly held in spite of strongly held in spite of contradictory evidence is:contradictory evidence is:• A) a leap of faith.

• B) a hallucination.

• C) a delusion.

• D) disorganized thinking.

• A) a leap of faith.

• B) a hallucination.

• C) a delusion.

• D) disorganized thinking.

22. 22. The most common type The most common type of false perceptions in of false perceptions in schizophrenia are:schizophrenia are:

22. 22. The most common type The most common type of false perceptions in of false perceptions in schizophrenia are:schizophrenia are:

• A) delusions of grandeur.

• B) visual hallucinations.

• C) disorganized thinking.

• D) auditory hallucinations.

• A) delusions of grandeur.

• B) visual hallucinations.

• C) disorganized thinking.

• D) auditory hallucinations.

23. 23. Lack of emotional expression Lack of emotional expression demonstrated by schizophrenic demonstrated by schizophrenic individuals is called: individuals is called:

23. 23. Lack of emotional expression Lack of emotional expression demonstrated by schizophrenic demonstrated by schizophrenic individuals is called: individuals is called:

• A) alogia.

• B) avolition.

• C) flat affect.

• D) delusions.

• A) alogia.

• B) avolition.

• C) flat affect.

• D) delusions.

24.24. Waxy flexibility is a symptom Waxy flexibility is a symptom found in:found in:24.24. Waxy flexibility is a symptom Waxy flexibility is a symptom found in:found in:

• A) catatonic schizophrenia.

• B) disorganized schizophrenia.

• C) paranoid schizophrenia.

• D) hebephrenic schizophrenia.

• A) catatonic schizophrenia.

• B) disorganized schizophrenia.

• C) paranoid schizophrenia.

• D) hebephrenic schizophrenia.

25.25. The fact that amphetamines The fact that amphetamines and cocaine produce schizophrenia-and cocaine produce schizophrenia-like symptoms gives support for the like symptoms gives support for the ____ explanation of the cause of ____ explanation of the cause of schizophrenia.schizophrenia.

25.25. The fact that amphetamines The fact that amphetamines and cocaine produce schizophrenia-and cocaine produce schizophrenia-like symptoms gives support for the like symptoms gives support for the ____ explanation of the cause of ____ explanation of the cause of schizophrenia.schizophrenia.• A) frontal lobe

• B) dopamine hypothesis

• C) loss of gray matter

• D) viral infection theory

• A) frontal lobe

• B) dopamine hypothesis

• C) loss of gray matter

• D) viral infection theory

Stop here, or continue as a review

1.1. In order for behavior to be In order for behavior to be considered a psychological considered a psychological disorder, it must either:disorder, it must either:

1.1. In order for behavior to be In order for behavior to be considered a psychological considered a psychological disorder, it must either:disorder, it must either:

• A) be out of the ordinary or dangerous.

• B) make others uncomfortable or put them at risk.

• C) put them at risk to harm themselves or to harm others.

• D) cause distress or impair functioning.

• A) be out of the ordinary or dangerous.

• B) make others uncomfortable or put them at risk.

• C) put them at risk to harm themselves or to harm others.

• D) cause distress or impair functioning. 507

2.2. The book that officially The book that officially classifies all the different classifies all the different psychological disorders is the:psychological disorders is the:

2.2. The book that officially The book that officially classifies all the different classifies all the different psychological disorders is the:psychological disorders is the:

• A) APA-Dx.

• B) DSM-IV-TR.

• C) ICD-10.

• D) NCS.

• A) APA-Dx.

• B) DSM-IV-TR.

• C) ICD-10.

• D) NCS.

509

3.3. According to an NCS study, According to an NCS study, the lifetime prevalence of the lifetime prevalence of psychological disorders is psychological disorders is about:about:

3.3. According to an NCS study, According to an NCS study, the lifetime prevalence of the lifetime prevalence of psychological disorders is psychological disorders is about:about:• A) 30%.

• B) 20%.

• C) 40%.

• D) 50%.

• A) 30%.

• B) 20%.

• C) 40%.

• D) 50%.

510

4.4. The NCS found that women The NCS found that women had a higher prevalence of ___ had a higher prevalence of ___ disorders and men had a disorders and men had a higher prevalence of ___ higher prevalence of ___ disorders.disorders.

4.4. The NCS found that women The NCS found that women had a higher prevalence of ___ had a higher prevalence of ___ disorders and men had a disorders and men had a higher prevalence of ___ higher prevalence of ___ disorders.disorders.

• A) anxiety; substance abuse

• B) anxiety; depression

• C) depression; anxiety

• D) substance abuse; antisocial personality

• A) anxiety; substance abuse

• B) anxiety; depression

• C) depression; anxiety

• D) substance abuse; antisocial personality

510

5. 5. Which of these is an important Which of these is an important qualification for a psychological qualification for a psychological disorder?disorder?

5. 5. Which of these is an important Which of these is an important qualification for a psychological qualification for a psychological disorder?disorder?

• A) There must be suffering.

• B) It depends on the prevailing culture.

• C) There must be suffering and it must impair the ability to function.

• D) It must be rare.

• A) There must be suffering.

• B) It depends on the prevailing culture.

• C) There must be suffering and it must impair the ability to function.

• D) It must be rare.

507

6. 6. Normal anxiety is different Normal anxiety is different from pathological anxiety in that from pathological anxiety in that for it to be a disorder:for it to be a disorder:

6. 6. Normal anxiety is different Normal anxiety is different from pathological anxiety in that from pathological anxiety in that for it to be a disorder:for it to be a disorder:

• A) it must be irrational.

• B) it is uncontrollable.

• C) it is disruptive.

• D) all of the above must be true.

• A) it must be irrational.

• B) it is uncontrollable.

• C) it is disruptive.

• D) all of the above must be true.

512

7.7. Generalized anxiety disorder Generalized anxiety disorder is sometimes referred to as: is sometimes referred to as: 7.7. Generalized anxiety disorder Generalized anxiety disorder is sometimes referred to as: is sometimes referred to as:

• A) acute stress disorder.

• B) chronic stress disorder.

• C) free-floating anxiety.

• D) nonspecific target anxiety.

• A) acute stress disorder.

• B) chronic stress disorder.

• C) free-floating anxiety.

• D) nonspecific target anxiety.

512

8. 8. According to the cognitive-According to the cognitive-behavioral theory of panic behavioral theory of panic disorder, people with panic disorder, people with panic disorder:disorder:

8. 8. According to the cognitive-According to the cognitive-behavioral theory of panic behavioral theory of panic disorder, people with panic disorder, people with panic disorder:disorder:• A) always experience anxiety when they

face the same situation.

• B) misinterpret the physical signs of arousal.

• C) have flashbacks to an earlier stressful event.

• D) have regularly predicted panic attacks.

• A) always experience anxiety when they face the same situation.

• B) misinterpret the physical signs of arousal.

• C) have flashbacks to an earlier stressful event.

• D) have regularly predicted panic attacks. 513

9.9. Agoraphobia is: Agoraphobia is: 9.9. Agoraphobia is: Agoraphobia is:

• A) fear of the marketplace.

• B) fear of experiencing a panic attack.

• C) fear of spiders.

• D) fear of heights.

• A) fear of the marketplace.

• B) fear of experiencing a panic attack.

• C) fear of spiders.

• D) fear of heights.

515

10. John mentally counts 10. John mentally counts whenever he is out in public. whenever he is out in public. This is an example of:This is an example of:

10. John mentally counts 10. John mentally counts whenever he is out in public. whenever he is out in public. This is an example of:This is an example of:• A) a specific phobia.

• B) a panic attack.

• C) an obsession.

• D) a compulsion.

• A) a specific phobia.

• B) a panic attack.

• C) an obsession.

• D) a compulsion.

507

11.11. Which of the following would Which of the following would notnot be an example of Major be an example of Major Depression?Depression?

11.11. Which of the following would Which of the following would notnot be an example of Major be an example of Major Depression?Depression?

• A) Bob, who does not make eye contact and feels hopeless

• B) Jamie, who is preoccupied with death

• C) Steve, who can’t sleep because his father died a couple days ago

• D) Mary, who has had a loss of appetite and can’t stop crying

• A) Bob, who does not make eye contact and feels hopeless

• B) Jamie, who is preoccupied with death

• C) Steve, who can’t sleep because his father died a couple days ago

• D) Mary, who has had a loss of appetite and can’t stop crying

521

12.12. Without treatment, those Without treatment, those who have been through one who have been through one episode of Major Depression:episode of Major Depression:

12.12. Without treatment, those Without treatment, those who have been through one who have been through one episode of Major Depression:episode of Major Depression:• A) have a 50% chance of having

another episode.• B) are unlikely to have another

occurrence in at least 5 years.• C) learn to cope with their

depression.• D) usually commit suicide within

the next year.

• A) have a 50% chance of having another episode.

• B) are unlikely to have another occurrence in at least 5 years.

• C) learn to cope with their depression.

• D) usually commit suicide within the next year.

13.13. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If it is the opposite of mania? If it is the opposite of depression, that sounds great.” depression, that sounds great.” You tell Jim a major problem that You tell Jim a major problem that individuals with mania experience individuals with mania experience is:is:

13.13. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If it is the opposite of mania? If it is the opposite of depression, that sounds great.” depression, that sounds great.” You tell Jim a major problem that You tell Jim a major problem that individuals with mania experience individuals with mania experience is:is:• A) they just want more and more

excitement.• B) grandiosity removes all limits on their

thoughts and behavior.• C) they ignore pain and just feel

great.• D) happiness is not in perspective

to what is going on around them.

• A) they just want more and more excitement.

• B) grandiosity removes all limits on their thoughts and behavior.

• C) they ignore pain and just feel great.

• D) happiness is not in perspective to what is going on around them.

523

14.14. ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Bipolar Disorder.___ is to Bipolar Disorder.14.14. ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Major Depression as ___ is to Bipolar Disorder.___ is to Bipolar Disorder.

• A) sadness; happiness

• B) acute; chronic

• C) dysthymia; cyclothymia

• D) cyclothymia; dysthymia

• A) sadness; happiness

• B) acute; chronic

• C) dysthymia; cyclothymia

• D) cyclothymia; dysthymia

15.15. The drug lithium is usually The drug lithium is usually the drug of choice for bipolar the drug of choice for bipolar disorder because it regulates:disorder because it regulates:

15.15. The drug lithium is usually The drug lithium is usually the drug of choice for bipolar the drug of choice for bipolar disorder because it regulates:disorder because it regulates:

• A) norepinephrine.

• B) serotonin.

• C) stress hormones.

• D) glutamate.

• A) norepinephrine.

• B) serotonin.

• C) stress hormones.

• D) glutamate.

525

16.16. This personality disorder lacks This personality disorder lacks control over impulses and is most control over impulses and is most likely to harm his/her self.likely to harm his/her self.

16.16. This personality disorder lacks This personality disorder lacks control over impulses and is most control over impulses and is most likely to harm his/her self.likely to harm his/her self.

• A) multiple personality disorder• B) antisocial personality

disorder• C) paranoid personality

disorder• D) borderline personality

disorder

• A) multiple personality disorder• B) antisocial personality

disorder• C) paranoid personality

disorder• D) borderline personality

disorder529

17. 17. Showing little or no Showing little or no remorse, the person with ___ remorse, the person with ___ personality disorder will personality disorder will frequently deceive or manipulate frequently deceive or manipulate others for his/her own personal others for his/her own personal gain.gain.

17. 17. Showing little or no Showing little or no remorse, the person with ___ remorse, the person with ___ personality disorder will personality disorder will frequently deceive or manipulate frequently deceive or manipulate others for his/her own personal others for his/her own personal gain.gain.• A) borderline

• B) paranoid

• C) antisocial

• D) histrionic

• A) borderline

• B) paranoid

• C) antisocial

• D) histrionic

528

18.18. Those with antisocial Those with antisocial personality disorder have met the personality disorder have met the criteria for another disorder in criteria for another disorder in childhood or adolescence, and that childhood or adolescence, and that disorder is: disorder is:

18.18. Those with antisocial Those with antisocial personality disorder have met the personality disorder have met the criteria for another disorder in criteria for another disorder in childhood or adolescence, and that childhood or adolescence, and that disorder is: disorder is:

• A) paranoid personality disorder.

• B) conduct disorder.

• C) schizophrenia.

• D) drug abuse.

• A) paranoid personality disorder.

• B) conduct disorder.

• C) schizophrenia.

• D) drug abuse.

529

19.19. In this disorder, the individual In this disorder, the individual will have many alter egos, holding will have many alter egos, holding separate memories, emotions, and separate memories, emotions, and motives.motives.

19.19. In this disorder, the individual In this disorder, the individual will have many alter egos, holding will have many alter egos, holding separate memories, emotions, and separate memories, emotions, and motives.motives.

• A) multiple personality disorder

• B) dissociative identity disorder

• C) dissociative fugue

• D) schizophrenia

• A) multiple personality disorder

• B) dissociative identity disorder

• C) dissociative fugue

• D) schizophrenia

531

20.20. Researchers have a problem Researchers have a problem with the “traumatic memory” with the “traumatic memory” explanation of dissociative identity explanation of dissociative identity disorder because:disorder because:

20.20. Researchers have a problem Researchers have a problem with the “traumatic memory” with the “traumatic memory” explanation of dissociative identity explanation of dissociative identity disorder because:disorder because:

• A) just the opposite effect occurs in most trauma victims.

• B) most DID patients do not report early abuse.

• C) trauma victims usually repress memories but do not develop DID.

• D) none of the above are true.

• A) just the opposite effect occurs in most trauma victims.

• B) most DID patients do not report early abuse.

• C) trauma victims usually repress memories but do not develop DID.

• D) none of the above are true.532

21.21. A false belief that is A false belief that is strongly held in spite of strongly held in spite of contradictory evidence is:contradictory evidence is:

21.21. A false belief that is A false belief that is strongly held in spite of strongly held in spite of contradictory evidence is:contradictory evidence is:• A) a leap of faith.

• B) a hallucination.

• C) a delusion.

• D) disorganized thinking.

• A) a leap of faith.

• B) a hallucination.

• C) a delusion.

• D) disorganized thinking.

533

22.22. The most common type of The most common type of false perceptions in false perceptions in schizophrenia are:schizophrenia are:

22.22. The most common type of The most common type of false perceptions in false perceptions in schizophrenia are:schizophrenia are:

• A) delusions of grandeur.

• B) visual hallucinations.

• C) disorganized thinking.

• D) auditory hallucinations.

• A) delusions of grandeur.

• B) visual hallucinations.

• C) disorganized thinking.

• D) auditory hallucinations.

534

23.23. Lack of emotional expression Lack of emotional expression shown in schizophrenia is called: shown in schizophrenia is called: 23.23. Lack of emotional expression Lack of emotional expression shown in schizophrenia is called: shown in schizophrenia is called:

• A) alogia.

• B) avolition.

• C) flat affect.

• D) delusions.

• A) alogia.

• B) avolition.

• C) flat affect.

• D) delusions.

534

24.24. Waxy flexibility is a symptom Waxy flexibility is a symptom found in:found in:24.24. Waxy flexibility is a symptom Waxy flexibility is a symptom found in:found in:

• A) catatonic schizophrenia.

• B) disorganized schizophrenia.

• C) paranoid schizophrenia.

• D) hebephrenic schizophrenia.

• A) catatonic schizophrenia.

• B) disorganized schizophrenia.

• C) paranoid schizophrenia.

• D) hebephrenic schizophrenia.

536

25.25. The fact that amphetamines The fact that amphetamines and cocaine produce schizophrenia-and cocaine produce schizophrenia-like symptoms gives support for the like symptoms gives support for the ____ explanation of the cause of ____ explanation of the cause of schizophrenia.schizophrenia.

25.25. The fact that amphetamines The fact that amphetamines and cocaine produce schizophrenia-and cocaine produce schizophrenia-like symptoms gives support for the like symptoms gives support for the ____ explanation of the cause of ____ explanation of the cause of schizophrenia.schizophrenia.• A) frontal lobe

• B) dopamine hypothesis

• C) loss of gray matter

• D) viral infection theory

• A) frontal lobe

• B) dopamine hypothesis

• C) loss of gray matter

• D) viral infection theory

540

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgmentsAcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

• Step Up Created by:John J. Schulte, Psy.D.

• Based on Discovering Psychology 4e by Hockenbury & Hockenbury

• Worth Publishers, 2007

• Step Up Created by:John J. Schulte, Psy.D.

• Based on Discovering Psychology 4e by Hockenbury & Hockenbury

• Worth Publishers, 2007

AnswersAnswersAnswersAnswers

1. D

2. B

3. D

4. A

5. B

6. D

7. C

8. B

9. B

10. D

11. C

12. A

13. B

14. C

15. D

16. D

17. C

18. B

19. B

20. A

21. C

22. D

23. C

24. A

25. B