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SYSTEM
THECARDIOVASCULAR
REFERENCES
Tortora & Derrickson
Lancraft et al
Ellen G. White
CONTENTS
Composition of The Cardiovascular System
How does it Work – Outline
The Blood• Origin• Function• Physical Characteristics• Components
“Perfect health depends upon perfect circulation. The more active the circulation the
more free from obstructions and impurities will be the blood. The blood nourishes the
body. The health of the body depends upon the healthful circulation of the blood.”
Healthful living p.178
COMPOSITIONOF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
COMPOSITIONOF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
COMPOSITION
CLOSED SYSTEM
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
COMPOSITION
Video 1. The Cardiovascular SystemAn Outline of
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
VIDEO
COMPOSITION
Five Main Types of Blood Vessels
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
COMPOSITION
Five Main Types of Blood Vessels
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
COMPOSITION
Five Main Types of Blood Vessels
COMPOSITION
Five Main Types of Blood Vessels
OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?
Capillary Exchange
ANIMATIONS
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HOW DOES IT WORK?
Capillary Exchange Pick’em
EXERCISES
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
THE BLOOD-ORIGIN-FUNCTION- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS - PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS
ORIGINOF THE BLOOD
ORIGINOF THE BLOOD
BONE MARROW
ORIGINOF THE BLOOD
BONE MARROW
ORIGINOF THE BLOOD
BONE MARROW
ORIGINOF THE BLOOD
The kidneys for synthesize the peptide hormone erythropoietin (EPO), which is an essential factor for the stimulation of RBC formation. EPO is produced in the renal tissue and released to the blood circulation to promote the maturation cycle of immature RBCs in the bone marrow.
Without nucleus, RBC diequickly, about 120 days andneed constant replacement.
Audio 1. Origin of Blood
ORIGINOF THE BLOOD
Figure 19.3 - Origin, Development, and Structure of Blood Cells
FUNCTIONSOF THE BLOOD
FUNCTIONSOF THE BLOOD
FUNCTIONS
1. Transportation
2. Regulation
3. Protection
OF THE BLOOD
FUNCTIONS
Transportation
OF THE BLOOD
• Gases – O2 / CO2• Nutrients • Hormones• Heat
FUNCTIONS
Transportation
OF THE BLOOD
FUNCTIONS
Regulation
OF THE BLOOD
• Homeostasis• PH• Temperature• Water content of cells
FUNCTIONS
Regulation
OF THE BLOOD
FUNCTIONS
Protection
OF THE BLOOD
• Haemorrhage (through blood clotting)
• Diseases (actions undergone by the WBC)
FUNCTIONS
Protection
OF THE BLOOD
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICSOF THE BLOOD
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICSOF THE BLOOD
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
-Blood is denser and more viscous than water and feels slightly sticky.
- Colour varies with its oxygen content.
- Temperature = 38oC.
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTSOF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
Video 2. Components of the Blood
OF THE BLOOD
VIDEO
COMPONENTSOF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
RBC - Red Blood Cell
WBC – White Blood Cell
PLATELETS
PLASMA
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTSOF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTSPLASMA
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
RBC - RED BLOOD CELL
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
RBC - RED BLOOD CELL
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTSOF THE BLOOD
280 million haemoglobin molecules!
COMPONENTSOF THE BLOOD
280 million haemoglobin molecules!
Components
Video 3. Respiration and Ventilation
OF THE BLOOD
VIDEO
Video 4. Oxygen Transportation
COMPONENTS
WBC- WHITE BLOOD CELL
OF THE BLOOD
RBCPlatelets
WBC
COMPONENTSOF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTSOF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
PLATELETSThrombocytes
• Small, non-nucleated cell fragments (produced in red bone marrow)
• Involved in Blood Clotting!
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTSHaemostasis
(Blood clotting)
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTSHaemostasis
(Blood clotting)
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTSHaemostasis
(Blood clotting)
OF THE BLOOD
COMPONENTSHaemostasis
(Blood clotting)
OF THE BLOOD
1. Vasoconstriction - Platelets adhere to damaged wall, release serotonin (which makes platelets stickier and call more platelets to the clotting site), constricts vessel.
2. Platelet plug formation (Positive feedback)3. Coagulation (Needs clotting factors) Process of clot
formation
4. Fibrinolysis
4 stages
Vasoconstriction
Platelet Plug formation
Coagulation
Fibrinolysis
EXPOSURE OF COLLAGEN = Vascular Spasm (Vasoconstriction): & Thromboxane release (vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregation)
Activated platelet discharge contents- include ADP, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), serotonin, calcium, vWF, Factor V, fibrinogen & Thromboxane. (+ve feedback) These secreted substances further promote formation of the platelet. (+ve Feedback)
When platelets contact exposed collagen, the coagulation factors or clotting factors are activated and they respond in a complex Coagulation Cascade whereby inactive PRO-THROMBIN (FactorII) converts to active Thrombin (FactorIIa) which activates FIBRINOGEN eventually forming fibrin strands which strengthen the platelet plug.
CELL DEATHBLOOD
CELL DEATH
Video 5. Haemoglobin Recycling
VIDEO
BLOOD
CELL DEATHBLOOD
REFERENCES SOURCE:WHITE.E. (1898). Healthful Living. Ellen G. White Writings – Comprehensive Research CD Room(2008 Ed.); Ellen White Estate.
Tortora, J.; Bryan D. (2011). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. Vol. 1 and 2; (14th ed.) John Wiley and Sons.
Animations: Cardiovascular system – available online (on purchase)
CNM – College of Naturopathic Medicine - lectures notes
VIDEO 1 - THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3ZDJgFDdk0
VIDEO 2 - THE COMPONENTS OF BLOODhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bzYmPQOKBL8
Audio 1. Origin of Blood (Ch. 19/Figure 19.3 audio file) – available online (free)http://higheredbcs.wiley.com/legacy/college/tortora/0470565101/hearthis_ill/pap13e_ch19_illustr_audio_mp3_am/simulations/hear/blood.html
VIDEO 3 – RESPIRATION and VENTILATIONhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiT621PrrO0
REFERENCES SOURCE:VIDEO 4 – OXIGEN TRANSPORTATIONhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXOBJEXxNEo
VIDEO 5 – HAEMOGLOBIN RECYCLINGhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g97zy_G_mYk
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