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Technical Stakeholder Consultation as part of ‘Nammal Namukkayi’ Programme, RKI
Dates: 29-30 January 2020
Venue: Symphony Hall, Mascot Hotel,
Thiruvananthapuram
1
Executive Summary
Untold lives and livelihoods were lost in the floods of 2018 and 2019 in Kerala have
highlighted the urgent need to instill the principles of resilience in every walk of life in
the state. The Rebuild Kerala Initiative (RKI), under the Honorable Chief Minister, has
led comprehensive flood recovery efforts to accelerate the State’s progress in
rebuilding and reconstruction in the most resilient manner. The calamity occurred has
taken up as a challenge and an opportunity to rebuild the State with better standards
of living to all sections of the society.With the participatory approach towards
“Building Back Better”, Hon’ble Chief Minister has envisioned for ‘Nammal Namukkayi’
that aims to reach out to a wide range of stakeholders to be able to participate and
voice their opinions in the resilient rebuilding process.
The Nammal Namukkayi Programme identifies technical agencies/experts as one of
the key stakeholders in the consultation process to drive the resilient rebuilding
process. The consultation event was organized on 29th and 30th January at Symphony
Hall, Mascot Hotel, Thiruvananthapuram. The first day was scheduled with presidium
introduction and orientation of experts to thematic areas and the second day for
consolidation of findings and presentation for each theme in the plenary session. The
thematic areas of discussion include: Land Management, Water Management, Forest
Management, Local Community and Resilience and Transport Communications and
Technology. Altogether, from all sectors, representatives from around 73 stakeholders
were participated for the session.
The discussions were streamlined in a well- defined methodology which began from
identification of key problems/challenges of particular thematic areas followed by
identification of reasons for the problems concluding with plausible solutions to
problems at hand. The conversations brought together the wider domain of
experience and understanding of the data in the respective sectors of the different
business and technical agencies to drive the resilient rebuilding process. The key
outcomes from the session include: The consultative process could contribute much
into the policy reforms for the key sectors which can instill resilience in planning and
development process.
2
Contents
Executive Summary ....................................................................................................... 1
Introduction ................................................................................................................. 3
Approach and Methodology – ‘Nammal Namukkayi’ Programme ................................................... 4
Technical Consultation Session (The event) ........................................................................... 5
Agenda of the Programme ................................................................................................. 7
Detailed Summary of the Sessions ........................................................................................ 9
Day 1 ...................................................................................................................... 9
Session 1: Introductory session ...................................................................................... 9
Session 2: Thematic group discussion ............................................................................... 9
Day 2 .................................................................................................................... 46
Session 1: Thematic group presentations ......................................................................... 46
Session 2: Valedictory Ceremony .................................................................................. 46
Way Forward .............................................................................................................. 48
Recommendations ..................................................................................................... 48
Outcome of the discussions ........................................................................................... 52
Annexures ................................................................................................................. 53
1. List of Participants ............................................................................................... 53
3
Introduction
The 2018 floods of Kerala which reoccurred in 2019 with higher water levels at certain places weretwo
of the most hazardous climatic events in the known memory of Keralites. The floods and the
accompanying landslides were catastrophic in terms of loss of lives, livelihoods, property and
infrastructure. With the unprecedented scale of disaster, the social and economic fabric of our people
was torn apart. The State Disaster Management Plan identified Kerala to be highly exposed to the risk
of extreme precipitation and flooding in future and highlighted the dire need to enhance the resilience
of the state against such events.
Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA): Study led by GoK and supported by the United Nations to
assess and estimate the damage, loss and needs to critical sectors and districts from the 2018 floods,
complementing Joint Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (JRDNA). The recovery needs were
estimated at ~35k cr.
Rebuild Kerala Initiative (RKI): In response, to the 2018 floods, the Government of Kerala saw
opportunity in the calamity to rebuild a more resilient State. The Rebuild Kerala Initiative was hence
incepted by the GoK in November 2018, to drive the resilient rebuilding philosophy in Kerala.
Rebuild Kerala Development Programme (RKDP): A detailed sector specific rebuilding initiatives to
drive interventions for enhancing resilience against natural hazards launched by Rebuild Kerala
Initiative.
From the thought that the activities aimed at improving resilience can only be successfully sustained
if the State adopts a participatory approach towards “Building Back Better”, Hon’ble Chief Minister
has envisioned for Nammal Namukkayi Programme. The people participation Programme aimed to
reach out to wide range if stakeholders to gather their opinions and suggestions in resilient rebuilding
process of the state.
4
Approach and Methodology – ‘Nammal Namukkayi’ Programme
Nammal Namukkayi is a people’s consultation program hosted by RKI to seek inputs and insights from
people - across geographies, sectors and professions - on key themes which influence the approach to
be adopted by the Government towards enhancement of the State’s resilience to natural calamities
and climate change. The Programme is a three-phase process aimed towards making a shift in the
policy paradigm of the State. The three phases of the Programme are listed below:
— Extensive Stakeholder Consultation
— International Seminar
— Policy Proposals for the Cabinet
5
The Programme will engage with different categories of stakeholders using different platforms and
media seeking their views and opinions on key focus areas. Five thematic areas include: Land
Management, Water Management, Forest Management, Local Community and Resilience and
Transport Communications and Technology.
The overall approach for engaging technical agencies/ experts was streamlined as follows:
Technical Consultation Session (The event)
The Technical Session scheduled on 29th and 30th January hosted by RKI in association with Kerala
State Disaster Management Authority (KSDMA) aimed in carrying out the consultation process with
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the Technical Agencies/Experts constitute the first phase of the engagement. The event was
scheduled for two days, 29th and 30th January 2020.
The timeline for each milestone led to the plenary session is as follows:
Sl.
No.
Activity Date
1 Confirmation and Identification of Single Point of Contact (SPOC) January 10
2 Submission Deadline for the First Assessment January 25
3 Arrival of Experts January 28
4 Thematic Group Discussions January 29
5 Consolidation of Findings and Presentation for Each Theme in the
Plenary Session
January 30
6 Departure January 30
7 Consultation Proceedings Report to be shared with experts February 10
The detailed course of event for both the days can be graphically represented as shown below:
The presentations and discussions followed an organized structure which begins with ‘Key problems
/Challenges’followed by ‘Reasons for the problems’ and then ‘Possible Solutions’. For example:
7
Agenda of the Programme
DAY 1 - 29/01/2020 Venue: Symphony Hall, Mascot Hotel, Thiruvananthapuram
On the first day of thematic group discussion, each thematic group had to identify a chairperson who
would serve as a moderator for the internal deliberations on the issues and potential policy solutions
within their theme. The internal discussion followed the discussion template, which will be provided
to the organization after receiving confirmations.
The agenda of the programme for the day was as follows:
Sl.No. Time Agenda
1. 09.30 – 10.00 Welcome & Registration
2. 10.00 – 10.30 Orientation by Dr. Sekhar Lukose Kuriakose, MS KSDMA
3. 10.30 – 11.00 Tea Break and dispersal of participants to respective thematic rooms
4. 11.00 – 11.15 Chair/Presidium Introductions and orientation of experts to thematic
areas
5. 11.15 - 13.00 Oral Submissions by the participants
6. 13.00 – 14.00 Lunch Break
7. 14.00 – 16.00 Deliberation on thematic questions moderated by the thematic Chairs
8. 16.00 – 16.15 Tea and health break
9. 16.15 - 17.00 Session summary & conclusion
10. 17.00 – 17.30 Compilation & preparation of presentation with support from
rapporteurs.
Dinner – 7.00 pm onwards at respective lodging Stations
DAY 2 - 30/01/2020 Venue: Symphony Hall, Mascot Hotel, Thiruvananthapuram
On the second day, each thematic group will have to make a brief presentation on their key findings
during a plenary session. Between every presentation, time was allotted for raising queries and
discussion.
The agenda of the programme for the second day was as follows:
S.No. Time Agenda
1. 10.00 - 10.10 Opening Remarks – Dr. Venu V. IAS, CEO, RKI
2. 10.10 – 10.30 Presentation on Thematic Area- Land Management
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3. 10.30 – 10.40 Q&A
4. 10.40 – 11.00 Presentation on Thematic Area- Agriculture
5. 11.00 – 11.10 Q&A
6. 11.10 – 11.20 Tea & Health Break
7. 11.20 - 11.40 Presentation on Thematic Area- Town & Country Planning
8. 11.40 - 11.50 Q&A
9. 11.50 – 12.20 Presentation on Thematic Area- Mining
10. 12.20 – 12.30 Q&A
11. 12.30 - 12.50 Presentation on Thematic Area- Susceptible Zones
12. 12.50 – 13.00 Q&A
13. 13.00 – 14.00 Break for Lunch
14. 14.00 – 14.20 Presentation on Thematic Area – Water Management
15. 14.20 – 14.30 Q&A
16. 14.30 – 14.50 Presentation on Thematic Area – Forest Management
17. 14.50 – 15.00 Q&A
18. 15.00 – 15.20 Presentation on Thematic Area – Local Community & Resilience
19. 15.20 – 15.30 Q&A
20. 15.30 – 15.40 Tea and Health Break
21. 15.40 – 16.00 Presentation on Thematic Area – Transport, Communication & Technology
22. 16.00 – 16.10 Q&A
23. 16.10 – 16. 30 Summary & Way forward by- Dr. Sekhar L. Kuriakose
24. 16.30 – 16.45 Valedictory Remarks by Hon’ble Chief Minister
25. 16.45 – 16.50 Vote of Thanks by – Dr. Venu V. IAS
Dinner – 7.00 pm onwards at respective lodging Stations
The programme was concluded with the remarks by Hon’ble Chief Minister.
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Detailed Summary of the Sessions
Day 1
Session 1: Introductory session
The introductory session began with the opening remarks by Dr Venu V IAS, CEO, RKI who introduced
the aim of this consultation to the gathering. Chairpersons of the thematic groups were present on the
dias. This was followed by a detailed orientation by Dr. Sekhar L. Kuriakose, Member Secretary,
KSDMA. He explained to the audience the context, the challenges ahead and the need for a cross
sectoral approach. The ‘Problem Tree analysis’ methodology was elaborated upon and the template
for preparing the presentation was introduced by him.
Session 2: Thematic group discussion
After the introductory session, each thematic group proceeded to their respective conference halls for
detailed deliberations. Each group was led by a chair and a co-chair. Detailed review of the key issues
faced in the sectors in relation to the disaster scenario of Kerala was carried out in the thematic
groups. Reasons behind these issues were explored in the detailed discussion that followed. Possible
solutions or possibilities were chalked out and concluded as recommendations for the Rebuild Kerala
process. The aim was to arrive at pragmatic solutions for a resilient state. This process was facilitated
through a ‘Problem Tree analysis’ methodology in each thematic group.
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By the end of the day, the key problems/ challenges, reasons for the problems, possible solutions and
overall recommendations that emerged from the deliberations were compiled in the form of a power-
point presentation by each team with the help of a rapporteur.
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1. Land management
Key Problems/ Challenges Reasons for the problems Possible solutions
• Land degradation
• Soil erosion • Habitat loss
• Forest land fragmentation
• Unscientific land alterations
• Government policies • Development activities
• Conversion of natural forest into
plantations especially for mono-cropping • Mining
• Tourism • River valley projects
• Alien invasive species
• Cultivation along slopes • Internal migration (from midlands to
highlands)
• Restoration programme with community
participation in riverine areas, industrially polluted areas etc. River
Management Committees to be formed.
• Policy interventions • Ensure that the East-West surface
hydrology is not curtailed by North-South constructions (roads, railway lines)
• Agricultural cropping patterns based on
agro-ecological zones to be followed. • Watershed Management: Integrated
scientific soil and water conservation measures to be implemented.
• Buffer zones for critical habitats.
Land laws • Multiplicity of land laws (Kerala Land Utilization Order, Land Conservancy Act
etc.)
• Complexity of numerous land laws and legislations.
• Ineffective enforcement of existing regulations.
• Revenue Department should have a dedicated wing to look after land
resources. Routine works may be
separately handled. • Proposed Land Resources Department/
Wing should devote to scientifc land management of the state and plan for
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allocation and re-allocation of land for different sectors.
• Review of all land laws by a competent
committee • Simplified comprehensive land code has
to be prepared.
Tourism
• Unregulated tourists flow
• Unplanned development in tourist destinations.
• Construction activities in
ecological fragile zones (hotels, resorts, widening of roads etc.)
• Lack of proper policy
• Lack of guidelines in present building
rules with respect to ecological fragile zones (Eg: flood plains, hilly regions etc.)
• Carrying capacity assessment for
regulating the number of tourists.
• Policy intervention for Tourist Circuit Developments.
• Site specific building rules and
regulations should be prepared (Amendment to the present KMBR)
Pressure on land resources for settlements
• Dispersive nature of the built-up. • Unavailability of room for river.
• Unoccupied houses and flats.
• Cluster/ vertical housing should be actively promoted for efficient land use.
• Survey of flood plains: Relocate houses in
flood plains (Puzha purampokku)– Vulnerability Linked Relocation (10 Lakhs
Scheme) • Regulate the construction in flood plains
• Avoid construction in fragile eco system
(Site specific building rules- Eg: Hill area building rules)
• Revisit individual land holding limit and
no. of houses owned by an individual.
Degradation of river bank
ecosystem
Encroachments cultivation on the flood
plains.
• Integrated farming with livestock and
fisheries. • Vegetative protection should be
encouraged.
• Indigenous species of plants and trees should be used along with geo-textiles
for river bank protection.
• Survey of river purambokku on river
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banks should be carried out. • Zone regulations should be strictly
followed.
Land use issues– unavailability of open spaces in cities
Unregulated urbanization • Potential based resource planning • Revisit existing government land for
providing more planned open spaces
Paddy and wetland conversion • Economic reasons and development pressure.
• Globalisation and economic liberalisaion has direct impact on conversion.
• 2018 Amendment of Wetland and Paddy
Conservation act seems to be counter productive.
• For construction of roads and other infrastructure.
• Final data bank of paddy and wetland to be completed and should be published
within a specified timeline • Integrated farming: animal husbandry,
poultry and fisheries may be integrated
with potential plantation cultivation • 2018 Amendment should be withdrawn
• Farmer’s Co-operative Society should be formulated with small scale farmers
• Land use issues: monoculture of
exotic species • Use of pesticides/ weedicides
and fertilizers
• Linear intrusions
• Economic reasons and livelihood
benefits • For installation of power lines, roads
• Commercial monoculture plantations
should be stopped. • Organic farming should be promoted.
• Cleared land under power lines may be
repurposed for grounded crops in collaboration with Kerala Agricultural
Uuniversity.
Pollution due to industrial land use • Lack of data on the spatial distribution
and area covered by industries.
• Effluent discharge leading to soil and water pollution.
• Identification of suitable land for siting
different types of industries.
• Effluent treatment plants and enforcement of regulations by Pollution
Control Board.
• Buffer zones around specific industries should be defined for residential and
ecologically sensitive zones. • Ensure eco-restoration of industrially
contaminated areas.
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2. Human settlement/ Town and Country Planning
Key Problems/ Challenges Reasons for the problems Possible solutions
Urban content of Kerala is 50% (2011 Census) but not manifested
either physically or economically. Such an urban spread causes
dilution in economic base of both
urban and rural areas of the state.
Lack of proper policy for streamlining the urbanisation of Kerala.
• Revitalize urban areas to compact urban form.
• To perform urban functions complimentary to the rural hinterland
and act as an engine of development.
• A settlement policy maybe formulated at state level.
• Development Plan for all districts may be prepared.
• Preparation of Master Plan and Execution
Plan for all settlements in Kerala.
Kerala has a very high Generic
(Universal/ Global) Floor Area Ratio
(F.A.R.) of 4. In other parts of India, the Global F.A.R is 1.5 to 2 at the
maximum.
• It paves way for a huge disaster if a
calamity occurs. It makes all spatial plan
including Disaster Management Plan ineffective.
• Pressure on environmentally sensitive land to convert build-up area will be
high.
Global F.A.R of the Kerala Municipality
Building Rules/ Kerala Panchayat Building
Rules to be reduced to 2.5 as maximum. However, higher F.A.R may be permitted only
through town planning schemes.
Scattered built-up without sufficient area for water retention.
Construction is carried out everywhere. Restrict construction in safe zones at a high density.
Lack of proper drainage facility. The water courses are reclaimed and built Revive the drainage system by giving proper
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over. linkages wherever missing.
Water is not retained due to
destruction of forests.
Since forests are destructed, the rain water is
not held in forest areas and this results in
flow of all rain water into rivers/ water bodies leading to floods.
Conserve forests and plant more trees.
Settlement in ecologically sensitive
area.
Land in ecologically sensitive areas made
available at lower prices and through schemes.
Revisiting Land Use Policy based on hazard
maps and relocating communities to safe zones.
Lack of evidence for planning and decision making.
Data quality, data input and collection mechanism leading to issues with
aggregation and coordination.
State level observatory integrating all relevant datasets and models may be
proposed. UA and LSG level platforms could
be built on the state level observatory/ platform. This acts as focussed early warning
and emergency management system. Such
platform will support dynamic plan making process for data collection, dissemination
and course corrections.
Unavailability of accurate, up-to-date
information. High resolution is unavailable
for research purposes.
• Open repository for R&D and active
contribution from scientific community
and other stakeholders. • High resolution satellite imagery for high
risk zones for specific risk reduction measures.
Need for new development Incentives supporting asset accumulation for
particular segment of society influencing the overall affordability of housing.
• Rent control acts to unlock the idle
housing stock open it up to the market at affordable process.
• R&D for promoting and incentivising
alternative building technologies.
High economic losses in disaster. Lack of affordable insurance and other safety
nets.
Promote region specific risk insurance
schemes and build awareness on such
schemes.
Disconnect between development
plans and ecology.
Scope of plans limited to administrative
boundaries, ignoring or regulating the impact
Re-imagining planning boundaries beyond
administrative demarcations and considering
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of the region to the settlement.
water shed boundary, hazards, coastal regulation and other large impact regions.
Usage of high embodied energy
materials in building industry which causes high carbon emission and
eventually climate change. The architecture which came into our
lifestyle as part of globalisation
spoils the habitat and we are dependent on the artificial comforts
using electrical and mechanical
equipments like air conditioners.
Ordinary people are unaware of the materials
used in traditional buildings, renewable materials etc. The marketing strategy of
MNCs is such that false information is provided to the people about sustainable
materials as they intend to promote only
high embodied energy materials. Use of high embodied energy materials in
architecture does not ensure thermal
comfort and hence increases the energy consumption (electricity) causing further
carbon emission.
• Building codes/ laws should also cater to
the aspect of building materials. • Sanction for the building may be
subjected to the use of sustainable construction materials (natural
materials, renewable materials, low
embodied energy materials) so as to reduce the usage of high embodied
energy materials such as steel, cement,
glass, composite materials etc.
Organic development of human
settlement.
No policy High density and low rise construction may
be encouraged.
3. Agriculture
Key Problems/ Challenges Reasons for the problems Possible solutions
Plantation
• Crop loss/ Reduction in yield
• Soil erosion • High pest & disease incidence
• Erratic weather pattern
• Improper agricultural practices/ no disaster preventive practices
• Adopt soil conservation practices like
terracing, contour planting etc. • Cover crops and fruit crops in non-
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• Water stagnation within the plantation
• Dwindling production in cashew
• Inadequate soil and water conservation measures
• Plantation crops are cultivated in more
than 30% slope areas
cultivated areas. • Management of shade tree and crop
canopy
• Crop diversification • Effective pest/ disease management
• Agro-Ecological Unit (AEU) based effective management practices to
improve productivity.
• Tea: Subsidy schemes for small farmers
Plantation: Tea
High intensity of rainfall in short
times
Change in climate for the last five to six
decades causing the erratic rainfall pattern
• Proper discharge system for removing
excess water from the field; • Maintaining the drains and creation of
water bodies within plantation
Prolonged drought months
Less shade trees, rainless months and uneven distribution of rainfall
• Drip or sprinkler irrigation wherever possible;
• Planting adequate shade trees to combat drought effect
Soil erosion and landslides in
plantations
More vacant patches in the field and no
proper soil and water conservation
• Vetiver planting along the contour;
having staggered trenches; contour drains, boundary drains and vertical
drains; • Infilling: So that there is zero vacancy in
field.
High incidence of pests and diseases
Climate change turned minor pests into major pests; Also there is more incidence of
diseases
• Integrated pest and disease management;
• Incorporation of organics and biologicals
to reduce pesticide loads; better cultural practices
Plantation: Spices
• Top soil erosion in High ranges and deposition of silt and clay in
low lying areas
• Root exposure, and nutrient deficiency • Hard pan formation
• Toxicity is increased
• Soil health improvement, nutrient management/ bio inputs/ Micro irrigation
facilities
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• Prolonged water logging • Crop loss
• High disease incidence in
cardamom
• Disease incidence • Lack of quality planting material
• Hard pan– Removal with machines • Replanting programmes– tolerant/ early
bearing varieties through PPP Mode/
Seed Village programme like Micro rhizome technology in ginger
• Standard operating protocol for nurseries
• Spice regeneration mission projects for
Wayanad and Idukki districts
Plantation: Horticulture
Low productivity (Vegetables, Fruits)
• Lack of export market
• Lack of possibility of year round production
• Reduced farm income • Inadequate water and irrigation
management and in turn flood
management • Environmental issues
• Streamlining AEU based production
technology • Adaptive trials/ introduction of new crops
and varieties • Supply of quality, disease free planting
materials
• Supporting public sector hybrid seed production in vegetables
• Genetic conservation of land races • Export protocol for fruits and vegetables
• Promotional land research interventions
in production of winter crops in rain shadow region
• Special agri-zones for specific
horticultural crops • Community nurseries to cater the needs
of farmers • Canopy management for improving the
fruit crop production.
• Exploiting the flood tolerant potential of minor fruits
Wetlands
• Flooding of rice fields (Eg: • Intense rainfall • Strengthening/ construction of outer
19
Kuttanad) • Breach of bunds and crop loss
• Reduction in yield
bunds • Use of flood tolerant varieties
• Limiting additional crop cultivation to
30 % area • Increase income by Integrated Framing
System (IFS) • Enforce crop calendar
Capacity of water channel is
reduced
• Silting
• Invasion of water weeds
• Desilting for enhancing flood flow
• Mechanised removal of weeds periodically.
• Streamlining the operation of Thanneer
Mukkom Barrage.
Salinity in rice fields. • Tidal influx as in Pokkali
• Lack of base flow and storage
• Use saline tolerant/short duration
varieties • Ensure location specific seed hubs
• Adaptive trials with new varieties
• Regulate multi sectoral buildings and ensure they are optimally distributed to
different locations. • Policy on land use as townships/
agriculture/ water bodies/ forest etc.
Drought
Lack of summer showers • Use of drought tolerant/ short duration variety
• Addition of organic manure
• Water spray with drones once in a week (during drought)
• Mechanised harvesting in Pokkali
Soil and Land Management
• Soil erosion
• Land slips and landslides
• Impeded drainage
• Piping: super saturation at subsurface
• Proper drainage and disposal of water in
high range areas • Constructing terraces/ bunds/ trenches
• Water harvesting structures: Farm ponds/
infiltration tanks/ percolation ponds
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• Irrigation facilities: Micro irrigation in areas of water shortage.
• Fertigation
• Open field precision farming and rain shelters instead of high-tech poly houses.
• Soil health management and nutrient balancing through micro nutrient
supplements/ site specific soil
amendments/ enhancing soil microbial diversity.
Fisheries and Aquaculture
• Flood Loss • Disease Incidence
• Crop loss and low yield • Increase in incidence of pathogens
• Surreptitious introduction of exotic breeds
• In lowland and flood prone area: Farming to be restricted to post and pre monsoon
seasons • Stocking of advanced fingerlings and
stunted seeds
• Popularisation of fast growing breeds (to be harvested in 6-8 months.)
• Development of waste fed aqua culture systems
• Massive stocking of all reservoirs in
Kerala • Establishment of hatcheries for supply of
Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) seeds in
each district. • Disease diagnostic lab in each district
and quarantine system in air ports and check posts for invasive species.
• Integrated farming & crop rotation
Livestock
• Loss of livelihood for people
• Increase in diseases & loss of
meat production
• Contributor for methane gas emission
• Food-feed competition is increasing as
our food is given to animals
• Methane mitigation measures:
Introduction of methane reduction drugs
as food additives/ Low methane
21
• Erosion of indigenous breeds • Zoonotic diseases
• Non adapted breeds/ varieties producing breeds/ Research on sea weeds as cattle feed supplements
• Gene bank for promoting conservation of
indigenous breeds like Vechoor Cow/ Kuttanad Buffalo/ Malabari Goat/ Parent
stock maintenance and propagation • Seed stock nurseries- Calf nurseries/
hatcheries for ducklings
• Value addition for enhancing income of farmers
• Climate specific animal zones • Integrated Farming System
Below Sea Level Farming
• Acidity problems • Salinity problems
• Floods
• Strengthening of Kuttandu under Globally Important Agricultural Heritage
Systems (GIAHS)
• Establishment of natural heritage museum
• Promoting silt based agriculture to support coconut and other garden land
crops
• Promoting of floating raft agriculture • Adoption of coated and slow release
fertilizers in Kuttanadu to reduce
nitrification of water bodies • Base flow augmentation round the year
by linking Muvattupuzha river with Vadayar - Kavanar
• Increase environmental flow to deter
salinity intrusion, so as to avoid Thanneer Mukkom Bund operation.
• Flood
• Inland flooding
Water management • Increasing the efficiency of Thottapally
spill way
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• Low water table in Vembanadu induce saline intrusion
• Desilting all the canals in Kuttanad to ensure drainage and free flow of water.
• Utilisation of polders as flow through
structures by establishment of inlet and outlet sluices
• Utilisation of derelict padasekharams as harvesting structures, for drinking water
purpose., utilizing the unique,
impervious nature of soil • Carbon foot printing of farming practices
so as to encourage farming that mitigates carbon emission
• Demonstrate good agriculture practices
by enhancing carbon in soil , render agriculture soil as carbon sink- promote
organic farming and good agricultural practices
4. Mining
Key Problems/ Challenges Reasons for the problems Possible solutions
Granite Quarrying
Unable to prevent illegal quarrying. • Revenue authorities and police who are
competent but not vigilant.
• Department of Mining and Geology to be
strengthened.
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• Various licensing agencies are unable to take proper actions against mining
without their license.
• Directions to be issued to Mining and Geology, Revenue, police and other
licensing agencies.
• Enhance the number of experts in SEIAA from 13 to 16. SEIAA may be provided
with 3 zonal environment officers.
Unscientific mining and blasting. Lack of permanent qualified persons like
mines manager, mines mate, blast man,
foreman etc.
Academic programmes (degree/ diploma in
mining engineering) may be initiated in the
state.
Widespread quarries near
settlements.
Lack of notified areas exclusively for mining. • Delineation of prospective zones after
geo-environmental appraisal.
• Distance of the settlement from quarry may be increased up to 100 m.
Environmental degradation on
account of illegal mining
Lack of competent officers to implement
Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986
Power to implement the Act shall be
delegated to District Collectors.
Public nuisance, destruction of
infrastructure like roads, bridges, irrigation canals, and revenue
leakages connected with transport
of minerals.
Overloading of minerals beyond goods
permit, use of very large vehicles in narrow roads, alteration of vehicles for increasing
the carrying capacity.
Stringent actions from Mining and Geology,
Motor Vehicles Department & Police.
Improper closure of mines Meager amount has been stipulated as
financial guarantee for proper closure of
mine.
Enhance the amount at par with central
government mining rules.
Depletion of ground water recharge. Removal of overburden greater than 2 m. Quarrying should be limited in such a way
that recharge zone is not compromised.
Lack of social auditing of quarrying operations.
No empowered committee exists. Local Empowered Committee consisting representatives of LSGI, Revenue and civil
societies shall be constituted with proper guidelines.
Unprotected and unutilized
abandoned granite quarries
Improper utilization of the abandoned
quarries.
Fencing, sign/warning boards, proper
utilization of quarries for activities like drinking/irrigation water supply, fish farming,
recreation, groundwater recharge etc.
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Depletion of natural resources Reuse and recycling is not being carried out. Effective implementation of construction and demolition Waste Management Rules 2016 .
Abnormal hike in price of building
materials
All quarries are under private sector • Setting up of Natural Resource
Corporation as envisaged in the state mining policy.
• Govt. can subsidize materials supply to BPL categories.
River/ Beach Sand Mining
Non availability of construction grade natural sand and resulting
over exploitation of granite for
manufacturing M- sand.
No mining takes place for want of Environment Clearance (EC).
Steps may be taken to obtain EC and to resume river sand mining as done earlier.
Under-utilization of known available
resources.
Silt accumulated in the reservoirs are not
utilized properly
De-siltation of reservoirs
Coastal Erosion
Unscientific mining and over extraction.
Ban beach mining in erosion prone areas and
adopting manual methods for mining in
permitted areas.
Laterite and Ordinary Earth Mining
Uncontrolled illegal laterite mining
leading to groundwater depletion.
Lack of proper law enforcement • Law enforcement should be geared up.
• Use the existing abandoned laterite quarry pits for groundwater recharge.
Uncontrolled, unscientific and illegal excavation of ordinary earth
material leading to slope failures.
• Toe cutting of slopes without proper protective measures
• No proper assessment in granting
development permit by LSGI and lack of monitoring of excavation activities.
Proper assessment is needed before granting permit and stipulation of protective
measures to prevent slope failures.
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5. Susceptible Zones
Key Problems/ Challenges Reasons for the problems Possible solutions
Coastal Erosion
• Obstruction/ interception of sediments
• Cliff retreat
• Artificial engineering structures (break water groin etc.)
• Sea level rise • Saline intrusion
• Threatened livelihoods of
fisherman communities • Displacement of communities
• Loss of land and property • Hampered access to the beach
• Poor aesthetics
• Unscientific human interventions in coastal area– structural and mining etc.
• Natural and anthropogenic processes.
• Preparation of micro level maps of the coastal area through participatory
approach.
• Preparation of action plan based on micro level maps.
• Identification of stable zones for the rehabilitation of community in
consultation with revenue department.
• Construction of cost-effective houses in stable zones with the help of expert
agencies/ professionals (Experts- Geotechnical and Structural Engineers,
Water and Sanitation, coastal engineers
etc.) • Updating Disaster Management plan
• Improving the quality of life of the people
in the coastal area through appropriate means such as eco-tourism, value
addition of products, cage farming, displacing fisherman community
towards inland waterways (livelihood)
26
• Sedimentary Cell Approach as a unit for conservation and management
• Promotion of indigenous vegetation
Landslides
The following factors pose
challenges:
• Physiographic aspects • Anthropogenic activities
• Vegetation • Settlements
• Groundwater
• Drainage choking • Housing and livelihoods
• Early warning
• Intense Rainfall and Precipitation
• Land use change
• Mono cropping/ cropping pattern • Construction of structures (modification
of slopes) • Water table change
• Blockage of natural drainage
• Zonation of Susceptible Areas in
cadastral level– High and Medium
• Clearance from the geologist to be made necessary for constructions.
• Site specific consultation from the geologist before and after a landslide.
• Relocation of people in vulnerable
locations to stable locations. Clustered village level settlements preferred.
• Site specific actions to be taken on relocation during the recovery and
rehabilitation stage.
• Bring restrictions on agricultural activities- Alternate agricultural activities
• Rainfall threshold forecasting • Building awareness at local level
• Community based disaster management
plans to be prepared. • Local community to be sensitized on
natural indicators of hazards.
• Interstate governance approach to be adopted in data sharing.
Drought
• Post Flood Drought • Seasonal Drought
• Agricultural Drought • Variations in stream flow
• Ground water extraction
• Climate change: Rainfall variations (Significant decrease in annual rainfall–
The number of rainy days has decreased) • Changes in evapo-transpiration due to
various reasons
• Water scarcity
• Conservation of traditional water recourses.
• Need based subsidies (limit subsidies based on land crop and requirements).
• Rejuvenation of closed fresh water
bodies and surface water through a
27
• Land use change (agricultural to plantations)
• Population density (over exploitation of
resources)
participatory approach. • Regulation in ground water extraction.
• Development of adequate number of
critical zone observatories (CZOs) in different agro-climatic zones for
monitoring long term changes. • Direct recharging in drought prone
zones– recharge streams
• Water harvesting measures • Ensure quality water supply and
awareness of reuse and recycling of water.
• Terrain based approach: It should adopt
long term measures: source identification, quality assurance etc.)
• Prevention of reclamation of wetlands. • LSGD based drought management
system
6. Forest Management
Key Problems/ Challenges Reasons for the problems Possible solutions
Forest and Tree Resource Management
Decline in the ecological services Anthropogenic pressures on forests, • A holistic landscape level management
28
such as water, air, soil and climate. fragmentation, climate change, spread of invasive species and so on.
by harnessing various components of ecosystem functions.
• Enrichment by planting native species in
degraded and denuded forest areas. • Conversion of monoculture plantations
to natural forests. • Taking over the expired and unused
private lease holdings and reverting back
to natural forests. • Managing existing leased out areas to
ensure ecological functioning of the landscape.
• Eviction of illegal occupation and
encroachments in the forest areas. • Relocation and rehabilitation of tribal
communities from core forests to periphery or mainstream based on FPIC
principles.
• Long term in-depth studies for monitoring ecosystem services from
forests.
Decline in the carbon sink potential of forests
Decline in forest health – increased prevalence of insects, pests and pathogens,
soil health and edaphic changes, mortality and poor growth, poor regeneration and
recruitment, forest fire, extreme climate
events, water inadequacy
• Soil and water conservation measures • Enrichment planting of ecologically
suitable species. • Species specific control and eradication
of invasive species.
• Promotion of conservation practices in private landholdings in the forests.
• Long term climate change impact studies
in different forest types.
Decline in the resilience to combat
climate extremes such as flood, drought, landslides etc.
Climate extreme such as intensive rainfall,
loss of closed canopy systems and degradation, anthropogenic activities that
• Identification and mapping of vulnerable
areas. • Preventive measures to contain the
29
reduce the functional quality of forest systems.
possible impacts of climatic extremes. • Enhancing the water holding capacity of
forests.
• Soil stabilization measures in fragile areas.
• Developmental activities to be permitted based on multi-hazard vulnerability
analysis.
• Eco-restoration of impacted areas.
Increase in human wildlife conflicts
and road kills
• Encroachments, fragmentation and
isolation of wildlife habitats and
corridors • Developmental projects including hydel,
infrastructure and tourism, • Natural habitat deterioration leading to
water and food inadequacy.
• Imprudent agricultural practices along forest fringes
• Habitat improvement for ensuring food
and water within forests
• Restoration of wildlife corridor. • Avoidance of night traffic in forested
areas • Elevated pathways across wildlife
corridors
• Effective early warning and deterrence systems
• Selective cultivation of crops in the fringes of forests.
• Incentivisation for non-cultivation could
be considered.
Extensive spread of invasive species
to natural habitats
Forest degradation– canopy opening, linear
intrusions by means of electric lines, roads,
railways etc., tourism, forest fire, edge effects.
• Physical and bio-control of invasive
species.
• Adherence to quarantine laws to be strictly implemented.
• Need for location specific studies on ecology, phenology and reproductive
biology of invasive species.
Increase in forest fire and associated damages to the forest ecosystems
Human induced, persistent drought, climate change.
• Operational monitoring of forest fire and weather indicators, vulnerability maps,
fire fighting squad– department and
civilian squad with advanced fire fighting
30
tools. • Restriction of human entry in vulnerable
areas during dry season, awareness
programs.
Inadequacy of the forest to meet the
timber and non-timber forest products requirements
Increase in the demand and lower
productivity of forest, unscientific and selective overexploitation of NTFPs.
Promotion of tree farming in TOF (Trees
Outside Forests) sector through agroforestry, farm forestry, social forestry practices,
sustainable harvesting protocols, and value
addition of forest products at source, improve market and supply chain.
Lack of socio-economic upliftment
of forest dwellers
Educational and economic backwardness,
remoteness from main stream developmental agenda, tradition bound
lifestyle, exploitation by the middle men, reluctance to adopt modern farming
techniques, lack of proper training and skill
development.
Conscious efforts for mainstream integration
with particular emphasize on education, health and employment.
Increased infrastructure
developments in the forest fringes
Anthropogenic pressures for developmental
activities along forest fringes as well as in
enclosed human habitations
Strict adherence to forest and other land
laws, enforcement and zero tolerance to
violations.
River and stream bank erosion
leading to flash floods.
Loss of natural riparian guard vegetation,
illegal sand mining, unscientific check dams and water ways, blockage of first and second
order water channels.
• Protective measures both for watersheds
in forests and downstream areas, river bank stabilization measures preferably
by bio-enegineering methods such as
vegetation grids, live staking, etc., • Restoration of riparian buffers in river
banks in downstream agricultural
landscapes.
Unscientific mining and quarrying
along the fringes of the forests.
Anthropogenic pressures for developmental
activities
• Need based assessment should be
conducted before granting permission. • Strict enforcement of laws.
• Housing policy should be adopted.
• Adherence to mine/quarry reclamation
31
guidelines. • Employing technical experts and
consultants for guidance and effective
management in quarry operations. • State ownership may also be considered
Waste disposal in forest areas
Urban sprawl and lack of facilities for waste disposal, transition to consumerist society
• Point source management • Legislation
• Awareness creation.
Mono-culture plantations in fragile forest landscapes, lowered
productivity and associated
ecological issues
Improper site-species matching, poor management and policy compulsions
Phasing out monoculture plantations in fragile landscapes through effective eco-
restoration measures.
Loss of mangrove habitats, and
unique ecosystems such as sacred
groves, laterite hillocks, cliff vegetation, fresh water swamps
Population pressure, urbanization, and
developmental activities, pollution and land
filling
• Afforestation and reforestation,
• Acquisition of mangrove areas from
private owners, • Strict adherence to wetland laws and
CRZ rules, • Restriction in clay mining,
• A new law to be framed for conservation
of sacred groves, laterite hillocks and other unique ecosystems
Homegardens: Deterioration of functional diversity of traditional
homegardens.
Changes in socio-economic milieu, lack of proper economic models, urbanization,
fragmentation and increase in small land
holder systems
• Revitalization of traditional homegardens through judicious mix of
viable Integrated Farming Systems (IFS)
components including commercially valuable tree species, fruit bearing
species, spices, and medicinal plants.
• Developing market chains, value addition, branding, and certification
(organic). • Development of specific economic
models suited to different agro-
ecological units and farmer categories.
32
Removal of large timber trees from the homesteads.
• To meet urgent financial obligations, increased demand for wood,
• Lack of market and price awareness.
• Incentivizing to retain large trees, planting of native species (both fast and
slow growing).
• Adopting short and long term economic models by training and awareness,
proper market intelligence through online and offline media.
• Deployment of trained tree and
landscape managers at every LSGI.
Lack of quality planting materials
Lack of authorized supply agencies/
nurseries to meet the large scale demand.
• Use of planting materials from
authorized sources.
• Awareness and training on decentralized nursery practices at the Local Body level.
Vanishing of urban and peri-urban green spaces, and the deterioration
in the microclimate
Population pressure, urban spread and developmental activities.
• Keeping aside land parcels for greening • Green protocol for new building
constructions
• Master plans for urban forestry • Implementation of pacha-thuruth
protocol.
Fallowing and abandonment of land in the rural areas
• Undesirable socio-economic changes • Search for blue and white collar jobs
• Labour cost outpace the economic returns
• Encouraging agri based start-ups, entrepreneurship and business
incubations, • Employment bank and ensuring of labour
through MNREGS and other mechanisms.
Lack of Institutional mechanisms in the TOF sector
Trees and other components in the TOF sector are controlled by neither agriculture
nor forest department, hence they remain
unattended.
• Establishment of Farm forestry boards at the state and district levels.
• Developing standards and certification
procedures in similar lines with American Tree Farm System Standard, USDA
National Organic Standard and so on. • Deployment of exclusive man power for
the scientific management of trees in the
public and private sectors.
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7. Water Management
Key Problems/ Challenges Reasons for the problems Possible solutions
Floods
• Extreme weather events
• Flash flood, landslides • Loss of lives
• Structural damages of public and private assets
• Epidemic out break/ health issues
• Sanitation problems • Agricultural loss
• Economic loss
• Annual floods in Kuttanad
• High intensity rain fall for consecutive
days • Impact of climate change/ occurrence
of extreme events • Shrinkage of lakes, canal and wetlands
• Conversion of paddy fields and
wetlands (Land Management) • Drainage blockages/reduction in water
holding capacity and encroachment of
streams/rivers • Flood plain occupancy, loss of riparian
Ecosystem (Land Management) • Loss/connectivity of stream network
• Unregulated urbanization/ Increase in
built up land (Land Management) • Deforestation, shift from multi-tier
cropping system to mono cropping system and increasing landslides/flash
flood
• Integrated reservoir operation plan at
the basin level • Flood risk analysis during design of
water retaining structures • Installation of better network of
weather stations-explore involving
schools and public institutions • Restoration of water bodies, wetlands
, to enhance storage capacity
• Enforcement of existing rules & regulations to control encroachment
of water bodies • Restricting paved and built up area
around buildings to facilitate
infiltration • Enforce water harvesting system for
all public institutions • Afforestation and encouraging
multitier cropping pattern especially
34
• Inadequate soil/ water conservation measures and lack of flood control
structures
• Absence of adequate weather data and warning systems
• Lack of enforcement of existing regulations
• Lack of public/ stakeholders
awareness.
in mid land and high land • Watershed and basin level water
budgeting/ water balance studies
• Flood moderation by establishing flood cushioning mechanisms: play
grounds, parking lots (sponge city, China)
• Large scale Contour mapping for
creating flood heat maps especially for urban areas
• Flood mapping in cadastral scale/ implementation of early flood
warning systems
• Proper maintenance of infrastructure; spill way gates/ river regulators. —
local capacity building • Risk informed development planning
at Panchayath level
Droughts
• Impacts of climate change and
extreme weather events
• Meteorological/ hydrological/ agricultural drought
• Drinking/ agricultural and domestic
water scarcity • Epidemic out break/ health issues
• Sanitation problems • Agricultural loss
• Forest fire
• Economic loss • Recurring drinking water crisis
• Livestock loss
• Climate change impacts/ occurrence
of extreme events
• Deficiency in North-east monsoon, deficiency in summer rain fall
• Shift in rain fall pattern/ reduction in
rainy days • Undulating topography and high relief
leading to quick run off/ less opportunity time/ low ground water
recharge
• Reduction in natural ground water recharge: deforestation, wetland and
paddy field conversion • Quick loss through base flow
• Increase the surface water storage
systems: mini reservoirs/ river
storages-bandharas • Linkage of reservoirs with domestic
water supply schemes
• Watershed management with Kattakkada and mazhapolima model
• Basin level water budgeting/ water balance studies
• Restoration of traditional water
bodies • Recharge of wells, through roof top
rainwater harvesting • Aquifer recharge through abandoned
35
• Changing land use pattern: mono cropping
• Urbanisation and increase in built up
area • Declining water table/ increasing
pumping cost • Lack of water conservation structures
for catching monsoon rainfall
• Sand mining from riverbeds/ mining of hillocks
quarries • Demand Management: Reuse and
recycling of wastewater
• Establishment of drought maps • Water budgeting and water literacy
programs at panchayath level • More crop per drop by designing
proper water management system/
micro irrigation systems • Crop water requirement based
pumping to be designed • Enforce rain water harvesting system
for all public and large private
institutions • Regulation of ground water structures
with strict compliance mechanisms • Enforcement of regulations in mining
and quarrying
Pollution
• Environmental degradation
• Health hazards
• Deficiency in fresh water availability • Economic loss
• Eutrophication and ultimate
destruction of water bodies • Sedimentation/ stagnation/ lean flow
• Loss of flora and fauna
• Dumping of solid and liquid waste
• Sources: bacterial, industrial,
agricultural • Salinity intrusion
• Septage
• Quality Parameters: Low pH, Fluoride/ iron toxicity
• Hot spots: Industry: Pilgrimage :tourism
• Urban: Population density, inadequate
OSS and ground water contamination • Low awareness/ discussion about
serious water quality problems and hence low in political priority
• Participatory situational analysis:
Identify sources of pollution, hot spots
and arriving at contextual solutions for solid, liquid and septage treatment
• Prioritise more natural treatment
technologies LSGI Level
• Convergence of sanitation and social auditing of schemes at LSGI
• Enforcement of green protocol
• Pollution Control Board to ensure compliance of regulations in
industrial effluent and other discharges in to water bodies
36
• Establishment of RO plants in appropriate locations with stringent
regulations of waste disposal.
• Continuous water quality monitoring/ establishing college & school level
sanitation clubs/ labs. • Roof water harvesting/ well recharge
in coastal belts for minimising salinity
intrusion • Ensuring stream flows
• Large IEC programme at state level.
8. Local Government, Local Community and Resilience
It was suggested during the thematic discussion that the name of the theme be changed from “Local Community and Resilience” to
“Local Government, Local Community and Resilience”.
Key Problems/ Challenges Reasons for the problems Possible solutions
Institutions and Institutional Mechanisms
Lack of coordinated planned, inclusive action at the local level
• Multiple institutions and multiple lines of control
• No clarity on roles and responsibilities
• Certain communities left out like tribals, elderly, persons with disabilities (PWDs)
• LSGs to be given the mandate at the local level
• Working Group on “Environment,
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Disaster” constituted should include
37
and responsibilities representatives from the different communities- Kudumbashree and other
SHG members, Elderly Groups, Tribals,
TheeraMaitri etc. • Residents associations, libraries, literacy
preraks, Community Based Organizations (CBOs) like youth
organizations
Limited powers for local self governments at the local level
• Provision in the Disaster Management Act not reflected in the Panchayati Raj and
Nagarapalika Acts
• Lack of networking • No forward and backward linkages
• The Panchayati Raj and Nagarapalika Acts to be revisited and provisions made
for legitimising the spaces and roles of
these community based institutions • Ensure upward integration with Block
Level and district level institutions, departments, state government, District
Disaster Management Authority (DDMA),
Kerala State Disaster Management Authority (KSDMA)
• These linkages will ensure promoting synergy in utilisation of resources,
neutrality, transparency and in
effectively combating local level area specific biases and agendas
Challenge in incorporating
technical, social and ecological factors into local development and
Disaster Management (DM) plans
Lack of capacities at the local level • Linking with block level and district level
expertise available • Developing a list of empaneled experts at
block/ district level who can be on call to support planning processes.
Capacity Building
Challenge to make a local level DM Plan to be a “Living Document”
Lack of capacities for Risk and Vulnerability Assessments, planning for preparedness and
mitigation
• Developing a comprehensive list of training modules by Kerala Institute of
Local Administration (KILA) and KSDMA.
• “Vulnerability/ Risk Assessment” to be
38
considered under the list of “non-negotiables”, and others as “desirables”
eg. risk informed micro-enterprise
planning • Local development plans to specify the
modules it would like to take up in the DM Plan/ Local Development Plan.
Challenge to make local DM Plans as
inclusive and participatory
• Lack of capacity/ awareness at
community level. • Disaster Management Teams (DMTs) not
formed and/ or capacitated.
• Individuals trained by KILA and KSDMA in
disaster management, risk informed planning etc. to guide participatory
planning processes
• Special modules to be developed for DMT and all DMTs to be trained
Early Warning Systems (EWS)
EWS, in its present format, not conducive to decision making at
panchayat / municipal levels
• Decoding of technical jargon • Lack of clarity on actions to be taken
• Demystifying hazard specific warnings • Linking with actionable points
• Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for responding to warnings to be evolved
at panchayat/ municipality levels based
on guidelines developed by KSDMA
Last Mile Connectivity often missing • Inaccessible areas/ communities
• Lack of ability specific EWS
• DMTs to include community specific/
need appropriate members from the community (Tribal Volunteers/
Kudumbasree members/ Youth/
Fishermen etc) • Ability specific IEC to be developed,
especially for Early Warning Systems,
Evacuation Procedures, Camp Management
Too many messages
Lack of clarity in roles and responsibilities • Guidelines to be developed for early warning systems, triggers for actions like
evacuation at state level and
disseminated
39
• LSGs to adopt/ adapt these guidelines as SOPs for their LSG
Depending on limited
communication channels
Lack of awareness on effective utilisation of
other media of communication
• Multiple channels of communication to
be adopted • Social media to be utilised for effective
communication in times of emergency with adequate safeguards in place to
minimise confusion/ false information
Loss of productive working days due to generalised information
Predictions not area specific • KSDMA to provide more localised predictions especially for coastal
communities
• R&D at state level for micro-level predictions/ trends
• Predictions to also take into account the agro-climatic zones specified by the
agricultural sector
Lack of clarity on dealing with localised disasters
Guidelines lacking on dealing with localised disasters
• EWS, Response plans to also take into account localised disasters
• SOPs to be developed for localised
disaster management
Vulnerability Assessment
Multiple lists available of
“Vulnerable families”
• Vulnerability assessment currently
sectorally driven • Currently, identifying “vulnerability” is
linked with sector specific benefits/ entitlements
• Lack of transparency, ulterior motives
currently affecting Vulnerability assessment due to its link with
entitlements
• Defining “vulnerability” in terms of
coping with identified hazards • Parameters to be defined at State level
and used by the LSG • These state level parameters to be
discussed and approved at Grama/ Ward
Sabha • Involve community representatives in
Vulnerability assessments • Vulnerability Index to be developed at
state level for the LSG to understand
their level of vulnerability
40
Non availability of current data
Prohibitive cost and lack of time required for survey/ data collection for periodic updation
by LSG
• Making periodic updation a part of the system
• Outsourcing survey/ data collection to
Kudumbashree/ youth clubs on a payment basis
• This activity to be budgeted in the Annual Development Plan of LSG
Confidentiality/ Privacy Issues Some of the data collected, like Health
issues, types of housing, vulnerability assessments, etc. may be sensitive and can
be misused for private gains or can even have
adverse effects like land prices crashing in areas that are conspicuously marked
vulnerable, insurance rates increasing for vulnerable areas and vulnerable people
State to develop protocols on data storage/
utilisation/ sharing etc.
Data, Information and Knowledge Management
Limited access to wealth of information already available
• Sectoral data not accessible • Confidentiality of information
• KSDMA to collect and collate all relevant and sector specific data
• Provide an interactive, query based
information portal that LSGs can access for data related to DM Planning
Risk Informed Planning
LSG/ community not involved in assessing risks of sectoral
development interventions
• Spaces not provided, not articulated as their mandate/ right
• Lack of capacities
• LSGs to be given the right and responsibility of Risk Audits/
Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) of Sectoral development projects planned
• Capacities to be built up for EIA
• Skilled human resources to be made available and accessible to support PRIs
in Risk audits and EIAs • Grama/ Ward Sabhas to be
acknowledged as the representation of
the communities and approval of Grama/
41
Ward sabha to be taken to ensure “do no harm” approach
• But for this to be inclusive, various CBOs
need to be involved.
Livelihood and Risk Management
Livelihood provided by the
ecosystem and biodiversity it harbours.
Both are exposed to disaster risk if not protected.
• Biological diversity is natural capital of
every nation. • Rules and regulations are not followed
meticulously.
• Thus, the prime responsibility of any
citizen is the protection of ecosystem and biodiversity from disasters and to
mitigate when disaster occur. • The protection must be done as
envisaged in the environment act (1986)
and biodiversity act (2002). • At the local level, BMCs to be
strengthened.
Resilient Public Infrastructure
There is a lack of risk sensitive
planning.
• There is no mandatory hazard
assessment and related understanding for risk sensitive infrastructure.
• Risk sensitive investment in
infrastructure is required. • Public infrastructure may be made and
maintained by LSG to be used for
rehabilitation centres (located in safe places) when disaster strikes, the same
can be used for other cultural event when not in use.
• LSG may charge for its use for up keeping
the infrastructure ready for use in disaster time.
• Similarly public infrastructure needs to
be strengthened including school, anganwadi, PHC, panchayat office (with
essential services such as sanitation).
Finance
Most of the finance goes to
development or relief, not for
There is no mitigation and preparedness
fund/ budget
• Availability/ creation of such fund at LSG
level.
42
preparedness or mitigation • Inhabitants/ property in flood (disaster) prone areas are to be insured at all times.
• Insurance coverage needs to be ensured
across all socio-economic class. • Not only availability but also related
education and campaign of microfinance products for vulnerable groups.
• Livelihood support to affected people
may be ensured which will indirectly enhance local economy.
Social Security
Interruption in the performance of the social security due to disaster
Risk and hazard assessment of social security is not available/ not linked with
implementation.
• Social security continuity planning. • Kudumbashree Self Help Groups (SHGs)
are to be empowered locally for resilience in terms of budget and
capability for social security.
Grievance Redressal
There is no place for submission of
grievance or people do not know of
it.
Non-availability and lack of awareness of
grievance platform and processes.
Panchayat /LSG level grievance officer should
be available and proper mechanism for
redressal should be in place.
Mental Health
• Acute stress reaction
• People with existing mental illness
• Lack of mental health services at the grassroot level
• Long-term mental health issues
like depression, PTSD • Substance abuse withdrawal
symptoms
Lack of awareness about mental health
issues in general public and stigma
• Mental health disaster management
teams under District Mental Health Programme (DMHP) in each district.
• Training/ capacity building on post-disaster mental health for volunteers,
LSG elected representatives, officials,
revenue, police, rescue workers etc. • Awareness creation in general public
regarding post-disaster mental health
issues through IEC. • Regular screening through house visits by
ASHAs.
43
• Strengthening the Primary Care Health System to deal with mental health issues
long-term and Primary Care integration
of Mental Health.
Migrant Population
• Lack of exact data
• Language and cultural barriers • Discrimination in camp
Lack of enforcement of existing rules and
regulation on migrant workers.
• Strict enforcement of existing rules and
regulation on migrant workers. • Provide IEC materials on Disaster Risk
Reduction (DRR) in their own languages.
Community Role in Safety Audit
• No provision for conducting
safety audit at present • Non-adherence of rules on
safety issues by general public
Lack of clarity on jurisdiction/ responsibility
between line departments, roles not clarified.
• Safety audit should be done for all public
buildings (schools, hospitals etc.) • Formation of people’s committee with
experts at local level to undertake safety
audit • Awareness creation among target
population (residents associations, Kudumbashree, other CBOs)
9. Transport, Communication and Technology
Key Problems/ Challenges Reasons for the problems Possible solutions
44
Alternate Routes and Vulnerability
Absence of alternate routes will
result in reducing the accessibility to
lifeline facilities
Either there will not be any alternate route or
the available one will not be usable
• Based on the flood map being prepared,
the routes that are vulnerable may be
identified • Geotag all the lifeline facilities in the
region and identify the existing routes, and maintain them as all weather roads
• If alternate routes are not available,
develop alternate routes for the lifeline facilities which are to be planned at a
height above the anticipated flood level
Continuity of Business/Multimodal Transportation/Rescue
The disasters may result in reducing
the accessibility and mobility of the
residents.
• Washing out of roads
• Failure of bridges and culverts
• Calamities like landslips/landslides • Flooding of roads
• Failure of power lines
• Power Charging systems
• Portable bridges
• Inflatable boats/ Fibre boats • Hovercraft/ Hydrofoil
• Floating Jetties • Hot Air Balloon
• Ropeway/ Cable car
• Embedded Ropeway for Canals
• Drone/ Unmanned Aerial Vehicles • Development of canal bund roads
• Helipads at strategic location
• Revival of waterways
Social Mechanism
• Absence of trained rescue
personnel at local level and
• A proper training mechanism was
unavailable.
• Formation of Special Task Force and
regular updation
45
public awareness. • Involvement of local NGOs and public • Involvement, participation and control of
local bodies
• Involvement of experts • Continued Evaluation
• Sustainability to be ensured
Design Consideration
• Failure of roads, bridges and
Culverts • Slope Failure
• Failure of bank protection for
water ways
• Lack of Designed Roads
• Reduction of Vent way at bridge locations in design
• Debris accumulation leading to blockade
of vent • Lack of drainage layer for roads
• Inadequate number of CDs and side drains
• Lack of maintenance of roads as well as
drains • Inadequate land width resulting in
unstable side slope
• Drainage layer should be provided to
ensure sub surface drainage. • Design should include adequate number
of CDs and side drain.
• Additional land spans on either side of the bridges in future construction.
• Alignment shall match the topography • Climate resilient pavement to be adopted
• Eco-friendly bank protection measures
• slope design and slope protection measures
• Periodic inspection and maintenance of roads and other assets
46
Day 2
Session 1: Thematic group presentations
Each of the nine thematic groups presented the outcome of their deliberations to the rest of the
groups. Each presentation was followed by a question and answer session which saw the active
participation of the audience. This facilitated a discussion which was fuelled by experiences and
perspectives from different sectors. The thematic group presentations and the Q&A session was
moderated by Dr. Sekhar L. Kuriakose. These inter-sectoral and intra-sectoral discussions further
enriched the output of the two-day technical consultation.
Session 2: Valedictory Ceremony
The valedictory ceremony started after the arrival of the Honorable Chief Minister Shri. Pinarayi
Vijayan and the Minister for Revenue and Disaster Management Shri. E Chandrasekharan. The
ceremony started with an introduction by Dr. Sekhar L. Kuriakose who explained the methods and
steps followed during the consultation to the dignitaries. Minister for Revenue and Disaster
Management then spoke about the need for building back better with the help of inputs from
technical experts to support the legislators and government. Honorable Chief Minister welcomed the
effort of the technical experts in coming up with recommendations for Nava Keralam which he said
shall follow a participatory approach. Holistic solutions shall then be examined and carried forward in
order to facilitate the development of the state. He concluded by seeking the expertise of the group
members in the times to come. Dr. Venu V IAS concluded the ceremony and delivered the vote of
thanks. Chairs and Co-chairs of all groups were given a memento as a token of appreciation.
47
48
Way Forward
Detailed review of the key challenges of the sector in relation to the disaster scenario was discussed in
detail in the thematic groups. Possible solutions or possibilities were chalked out and concluded as
recommendations for the Rebuid Kerala process were concluded. This process was facilitated through
a ‘Problem Tree analysis’ methodology in each thematic group.
Recommendations
Recommendations or future implications by each thematic group is concluded as follows
1. Land Management
• Land has multiple uses and therefore there is trade off and choice for wise use.
• Land management is a multi-stakeholder business and it’s linked with other sectors.
• Land management decision is not linear, there is temporality and multi-dimensional
challenges.
• Participation of the stakeholders at the ground level is essential
• Finally, we suggest looking into WGEEP report and draft land policy proposed by Vijayan
et. al (2019) to fine tune strategies and action plans.
2. Human settlements
Vision to be adopted:
“Revitalised urban areas of compact form, distributed in a balanced and orderly manner in the
entire Kerala, that perform urban functions complementary to the rural hinterland and act as
engines of development”
• Selective concentration of urban functions and rural functions through deliberate
planning and to have compact urban form for the urban areas so as to contain the urban
spread is the need of the hour. In other words the state has to thrive for integrated
development of its urban and rural areas.
• Further spreading of developments at the cost of the potential rural lands is not justifiable
in the context of low population growth rate. This reiterates the need for containment of
urban development.
• As per the urban profile of the state delineated for 2021 and 2031, Kerala is proposed to
have three categories of urban areas namely-Urban clusters/urban corridors, isolated
higher order urban areas and small urban areas. Future investments in the state shall be
streamlined supportive to the urban profile delineated.
49
• Limiting of the urban spread in Kerala within the delineated urban profile is a must for the
conservation of agricultural land, prevention of dilution of rural economy and protection
of the fragile eco system of Kerala.
• The land area left over after accommodating our urban areas, forest cover and water
bodies is our rural areas where in our potential agricultural tracts are located. It is
recommended to put this rural land to optimum utilization.
• Urban profile shall be a part of the general strategy for the comprehensive development of
the State. Hence it is recommended to prepare the State Perspective Plan with inputs
from all sectors of development and modification, if necessary, may be made in the urban
profile formulated.
• Within the purview of the State Perspective Plan, each of the urban cluster/corridor is to
be further detailed out through regional plans/inter district plan with planning area as the
respective cluster/corridor with its influence area.
• Development Plan regional levels (Metro/ District) and Master Plans for Human
Settlements shall be prepared in line with Kerala Town and Country Planning Act 2016.
• Control plot sub divisions in the peri-urban areas to make available large chunk of land for
development. A policy backing and planning tools are necessary to conserve such existing
lands and to pool such lands for future development
• Kerala is having a very high Generic (Universal/ Global) Floor Area Ratio (FAR) as 4. In other
parts of India the Global FAR is 1.5 to 2 is the maximum. Thematic group, therefore,
recommended a global FAR of the Kerala Building Rules to reduce to 2.5 as maximum.
However, higher FAR may be permitted only through town planning schemes
• State Urbanisation Report (SUR) may be updated and revisit the recommendations in light
with recent flood of Kerala, Based on SUR, a settlement policy may be formulated.
• Action plan may be formulated for the preparation for Development plans at regional
(District) and settlements levels in the line with Kerala Town and country planning act
2016.
3. Agriculture
• Integrated farming and multi-tier cropping are to be adopted.
• Awareness programmes to be conducted.
• Pulse-based cropping system is to be promoted in entire Kerala.
• Technology mission for horticultural crops.
• Crop insurance for effective sustenance.
• Risk mitigation fund with production incentives
• 5 year planning as decentralised planning.
• Panchayath level micro planning
• Single window approach for famers
• Expanding and strengthening marketing networks
• Enforcing crop calendar to suit changed climate scenario
50
• Breeding protocol and enhancing production by poly culture and diversification
• Introduction of indigenous species and establishment of brood bank for germplasm
conservation.
• Multi-commodity integrated farming system
• Co-ordinated programmes involving all line departments for Integrated Farming System
(IFS) development and one stop centre for supply of inputs to farmers.
• Development of environmental surveillance and forecasting system for water bodies.
Early warning and fisher friendly mobile app system.
• Fuel efficient solar vessels to be promoted in marine fisheries.
• Enforcement of closed seasons and mesh size regulation to prevent juvenile catch.
• Promoting open water mari-culture, cage farming etc.
• As for the plantation sector (especially, Tea) the following recommendations have been
put forth
o Multicropping with pepper and clove,
o Promote organic cultivation
o Fruit crops are suitable for Idukki and Wayanad zones
4. Mining
• Mining has to be brought under the public sector to regulate it in a sustainable manner.
• A mining/ quarrying institute (along the lines of the one in Malaysia) may be proposed so
as to offer courses that would scientifically teach mineral technology.
• In order to address the lack of awareness on quarry restoration, necessary specifications
and standards need to be set and quarry owners need to be made aware of the same.
• Eco-restoration of quarries could be done through MGNREGS and supported by the
technical expertise of the Malaysian faculty.
• A single cadre of geologists from different departments of Kerala could be formed
• Programmes need to be planned according to scientific mining policy draft
• More R&D is required (Eg: To study the impact of quarrying and mining on the ground
water table).
5. Susceptible Zones
• Susceptible areas need to be mapped in cadastral scale and zones should be demarcated.
• Communities from highly vulnerable areas should be relocated to stable zones.
• Land use changes in vulnerable areas are to be regulated and indigenous vegetation to be
promoted.
• Community based disaster management approach is to be adopted.
• Policy interventions are to be made and strict enforcement of rules to be ensured.
6. Forest Management
• Forests are under pressure from anthropogenic pressures, fragmentation, climate
variability, and extreme climatic events. The role of forests as a buffer for reducing risk
51
from disasters should be imbibed in the political agenda of the State. A holistic landscape
level management is important in ensuring the functional quality of the forests, and to
avail the ecosystem services uninterruptedly.
• Tree Resources outside the forests are equally important in sustaining the livelihood of
the people and to maintain a stable climate system. Cryptic extinction of large trees and
their associated ecosystem services are happening across the homesteads in Kerala. Agri-
based entrepreneurships, start-ups, and business incubations are important to stop
abandonment of land in rural homesteads.
• A pro-active institutional mechanism should be established with qualified hands for
revitalizing the forest and tree resources management at the LSGI level.
7. Water Management
Policy should take into account and facilitate the following:
• Establishment of River Basin Authority and Kerala water Resource information system
• Periodic Assessment storage capacity of large lakes, wetlands/reservoirs
• Amendment of Town and Country Planning Act/ Building Rules on physiographical/ land
use basis
• Amendment of Ground Water (Control and Regulation) Act 2002
• Establishment of Flood Zone and Drought Zone Maps at Cadastral scale
• Restoration of rivers and streams: Ini Njan Ozhukatte by Haritha Kerala Mission
• Regulation of subsidy on power usage based on crop water requirement
• Establishment of reuse and recycling plants at multi-storeyed buildings with dual
plumbing systems
• Establishment of rainwater systems in all buildings for well recharge
• Usage of abandoned quarries for rainwater harvesting and community water recharge
schemes
• Waste Management Policies: Draft Guidelines to be finalised. Need Convergence of
agencies
8. Local Government, Local Community and Resilience
• Moving forward with LSG level DM plan and actions is necessary.
• LSG level DM plans need to be integrated with LSG Development Plans.
• Backward and forward linkages with all levels need to be ensured.
• Vulnerability mapping should be participatory.
• All development plans should take into consideration, the environment, climate change,
biodiversity, vulnerabilities, hazards etc.
• Appropriate protocols and guidelines are to be issued.
• Early Warning Systems need to be augmented so as to provide timely accessible
information.
52
• Grievance redressal mechanism should be strengthened.
• Communities are not homogenous. LSG should bring all of them in through various
platforms (working groups, DM teams, Gram/Ward Sabhas, Kudumbashree, libraries,
literacy groups, other CBOs)
• A mechanism for regular consultation, feedback, community led monitoring and
evaluation should be in place.
9. Transport, Communication and Technology
• Upkeep and maintaining the transport infrastructure of the state to provide unhindered
accessibility in the event of any disaster is the need of the hour.
• Since substantial investment is needed in this sector, careful planning, designing,
construction and maintenance are needed.
Outcome of the discussions
The Nammal Namukkayi technical consultation provided a platform to bring various inter-sectoral as
well as intra-sectoral challenges to light. The nine thematic discussions allowed for deliberation of
concerns and solutions among the different departments involved in the respective thematic area,
practitioners and academicians. It has paved way to a wide range of possible solutions and
recommendations which could be broadly classified into:
• Policy level interventions;
• New legislation and amendments to the existing ones;
• Strengthening of existing institutional systems;
• Revival of appropriate traditional systems and encouraging sensible innovation;
• Capacity building of stakeholders at various levels; and
• Aligning of solutions with the larger framework of climate change adaptation.
These inputs shall then feed into the Rebuild Kerala Initiative and augment the larger idea of building
a resilient Nava Keralam through.
53
Annexures 1. List of Participants
No.
Institution Contact Person Email Phone
I. Land Management(Mascot Hotel)
P H Kurian IAS (retd. ACS - Revenue & DM) - <kurianphabel@gmail.com
1 Land Use Board
1)Tina Bhaskaran Deputy
Director(Agri) 2)Yasmin L Rasheed Joint Director
landuseboard
@yahoo.com;
yasmin7j@gmail.com
9446503040; 8593027987
2
Kerala State Remote Sensing
and Environment
Centre (KSREC)
Dr. Suresh Francis 9446513040
3
Institute For
Watershed
Development And Management
Kerala (IWDM- K - Chadayamang
alam)
Dr. George Philip ; Director of Soil
Conservation
soildirector@g
mail.com;
soilconservationkerala@gm
ail.co m; iwdmkerala@
gmail.com
0474 2475051 , 9447254871
4
International Water
Management
Institute (IWMI)
Anand, Gujarat, India iwmi-anand@cgiar.
org
Tel/Fax: +91 2692 263816/817
5
CTP (Department
of Town and Country Planning
Smt. K S Girija; Chief
Town Planner;
ctpkeralam@g
mail.com
0471 -2721447, 0471 -2723429
6
Kerala State
Council for Science,
Technology and
Environment (KSCSTE)
P Harinarayanan,
Principal Scientist
hari.kscste@k
erala.gov.in
+91-471-2543557, 2548222; 2548200
7
Academy of
Climate Change Education and
Research (ACCER), Kerala
Agricultural
University
Dr. P O Nameer spoaccer@kau
.in
94465 73106
54
No.
Institution Contact Person Email Phone
8
Kerala University
of Fisheries and Ocean Studies
(KUFOS)
Dr Shijo Joseph,
Assistant Professor, School of Fishery
Environment
shijo@kufos.a
c.in shijonrsa@g
mail.com
9562127128
9 Kerala Forest Research
Institute (KFRI)
Dr. TV Sajeev , Principal Scientist and Research
coordinator
sajeev@kfri.re
s.in
9447125458
10
Integrated Rural
Technology
Centre (IRTC)
R Satheesh, Head
Natural Resource
Management Division
sateesheruva
@gmail.com
9446454872
11
National Remote
Sensing Centre
(NRSC), Hyderabad
1)Shri.SantanuChowdhur
y, Director
director@nrsc
.gov.in
040 2388 4001
12
National Remote
Sensing Centre (NRSC), Hyderabad
2)Dr. S V Shiva Prasad
Sharma, Scientist/Engineer 'SE'
sharma_svsp@nrsc.gov.in
0854-222 5422; 9494282603
13 Geological Survey of India (GSI)
Dr. Dinesh Gupta, Director General
dg@gsi.gov.in dg.gsi@gov.in
in
(033)22521779; (033)22521775
14
Kerala Land
Records Modernisation
Mission (KLRMM)
Directorate of Survey
and Land Records;
E.R.Sobhana- Additional Director Of Survey and
Land Records Department
dir-tvm.syr@keral
a.gov.in;
bhoomikeralam@gmail.com
dir-tvm@kerala.g
ov.in
0471 2325266; 0471 2321291
15 Dr.SrikumarCh attopadhyay
Retd. Scientist, NCESS srikumarc53@gmail.com
16 KLDC
1) Mr. Boban AG,
Construction Engineer; 2) Mr Prem Mophan,Asst.
Project Engineer
kldctcr@gamil.com
9446487053;
9624813163
II. Agriculture(Hotel Central Residency)
Dr Ambikadevi (Former Prof & Director, KAU)
1 UPASI Tea Research
Foundation
J.Durairaj Deputy Director
alamtea@gmail.com;
director@upa
sitearesearch.org
upasircmnr@gmail.com;
upasi@upasi.o
9495776650
55
No.
Institution Contact Person Email Phone
rg
2 State Horticulture
Mission
Shri. J.Justin Mohan IFS,
Mission Director
mdshmkerala@yahoo.co.
in; mdshmkeral
a@gmail.co
m jjustin.moha
n@gov.in
0471- 2330856;
Fax: 0471- 2330857
3
International Research and
Training Centre for below Sea
Level Farming,
Kuttanad (IRTC BSF)
Dr. K G Padmakumar
kgpadman@g
mail.com, irtcbsf@gmail
.com
+91 477 2297001, +91 9387 88 21 79
4 KAU Dr. C. Narayanankutty Associate Dean
cohvka@kau.i
n adhort@kau.i
n
+91-487 2438300; 91-487-2438301; 91-
487-2438303
5
Kerala
Cooperative Milk
Marketing Federation
(MILMA)
DR. PATIL SUYOG,
SUBHASHRAO IFS, Managing Director,
milma@milma
.com; MD (md@milma.c
om)
Telephone:+91-471-
2786400-448; MD:
Phone: +91 471-2786401; Mobile:
9447905992
6
Rice Research
Station, KAU, Moncompu
Dr.VandanaVenugopal
rrsmoncompu
@kau.in ;
vandana.v@kau.in
91-477-2702245;
8547885608
7
Agency For
Development of Aquaculture
(ADAK)
DineshanCheruvath Executive Director
cheruvat@yahoo.com
9400497160
8 CTCRI Dr G Byju(Principal
Scientist)
byju_g@yah
oo,com;
ctcritvm@yahoo.com.
9447740552; FAX:
(+91)(471) 2590063
56
No.
Institution Contact Person Email Phone
9
Veterinary
University (Kerala Veterinary and
Animal Sciences University)
Dr MuhammedMeethal dremmuhammed@gmail.c
om
9447409406
10 Indian Institute of Spices Research ,
Kozhikkode
Dr .V Srinivasan Principal
scientist
director.spice
s@icar.gov.in srinivasan.v@
icar.gov.in
srisoilv@gmail.com
9446163644
11 IRTC Mundur
Dr.C .George Thomas
Director of Research(Rtd.Dean KAU,
Thrissur)
gtcthomas@gmail.com
9349759355
III. Town and Country Planning(Hotel Central Residency)
Jacob Easow ( former head, Town & Country Planning) jacobeasow@gmail.com
1 IIHS, Bangalore
1)CAPT. K POOJA VASANTH (RETD.)
pvasanth@iihs.co.in
tel: +91 80 67606666; fax: +91 80 23616814
Head – Operations
&Administration
tmalladi@iihs.
ac.in
2)Mr.TejaMalladi/
2
Dr. Manoj Kumar
Kini (Urban Designer)
Dr. Manoj Kumar Kini, Principal, Kerala State
Institute of Design (KSID)
(Formerly: Assistant Professor, Department of
Architecture, CET, TVM)
kinimanoj@g
mail.com
9846096174
3 IRTC,Mundur
Prof.P.K.Ravindran Senior
Fellow(Rtd.Deputy Director Collegiate
Education)
pkrkssp@gma
il.com
8590050846
4 Indian Green building
counsil(IGBC)
1)Mr S Srinivas, Principal Advisor; 2) Ar. B R Ajit,
Chairman, IGBC Kochi
981851334( Suresh,
Chairman)
IV. Mining(Mascot Hotel)
1 SEIAA
Dr. R. Ajayakumar
Varma, Member, State Environmental Appraisal
Copmmittee
seacseiaakeral
a@gmail.com;
9447048526 akvarmadr@g
mailo.com
57
No.
Institution Contact Person Email Phone
2 John Mathai, Ex-
Scientist of NCESS
Mr. John MathaiM.Tech.
Scientist G(Rtd.), Senior
Consultant, Crustal Processes (CrP)
john.mathai@nic.in
mathai.ncess
@gmail.com mathaicess@
gmail.com
Phone(Off) : 0471-
2511625; Phone(Res) : 0471- 2593544; Fax :
0471-2442280;
9447193554
3 Dr.Sreekumar,
IRTC Director IRTC
sreeavani@g
mail.com
9447350669
4
Mining and Geology
Department of
Kerala
1)Shri. K. Biju IAS Director director.dir.dmg@kerala.go
v.in
Phone and Fax: +91
471 2447429
5 Mining and Geology Department of
Kerala
2) Biju Sebastian, Senior
Geologist
bsebastian@g
mail.com
Phone:0471- 2556119, 0471- 2447184, 0471-
2556939; 9447310771
6
Mr. C
Muraleedharan, Dty. DG (Rtd) GSI
muralee_kal@rediffmail.com
7 Department Of geology
Dilipkumar P G, HOD Government College
Kottayam
dilipgeo1@gmail.com
9446054021
V. Zone-Specific DRR Activities(Mascot Hotel)
Dr P Harinarayanan (Scientist, KSCSTE)
1
Kerala State
Electricity Board
Limited (KSEB)
Sri. N.S. Pillai IA&AS ,
Chairman & Managing
Director
cmdkseb@kse
b.in
91471 2555544;
Office Phone Number: 0471-
2442125; Mobile Number :
9446008002
2 GSI ShriThrideep Kumar N.,
Senior Geologist
dg@gsi.gov.in dg.gsi@gov.in
in; (033)22521779;
(033)22521775;
9495803543 thrideep.n@gsi.gov.in
3
State Wetland
Authority Kerala, (SWAK)
Dr. John C. Mathew,
Environment Programme Manager
jcm_gis@hotmail.com
9446058120
4
Centre for Water Resources
Development and
Management
1)Dr.Drissia TK
(Droughts)Senior Scientist
aba@cwrdm.orgdrissia@cwr
dm. org
9847341188
58
No.
Institution Contact Person Email Phone
(CWRDM)
5
Centre for Water
Resources
Development and Management
(CWRDM)
2)Dr P K Abdulla (Coastal erosion)
apk@cwrdm.org
9447029293
6
Centre for Water Resources
Development and Management
(CWRDM)
3)Dr Arun PR (Landlsides) arun@cwrdm.
org
8547463754
7 Kerala Forest Research
Institute (KFRI)
Dr.SyamViswanath,
Director
director@kfri.
org
Phone: +91-487- 2690100; Fax +91-
487-2690111
8
Kerala State
Remote Sensing
and Environment Centre (KSREC)
Dr.Suresh,
Francis,Scientist,KSREC
Sureshfrancis
@yahoo.com
9847467469
9 Dr.Harinarayan an P. KSCSTE
Principal Scientist, KSCSTE
hari.kscste@kerala.gov.in
0471 2548299
10 Mahatma Gandhi
University
Dr. Baiju , Associate
Professor,School of Environmental sciences
baijukr@gamil
.com
VI. Water Management(Mascot Hotel)-
Dr. N C Narayanan, IIT Mumbai
1
Centre for Water
Resources Development and
Management
(CWRDM)
1)Er. Sushanth CM; scm@cwrdm.
org;
9447162144;
2)Dr U Surendran suren@cwrdm
.org
9656698860
2 HarithaKeralm
Mission Er.AbrahamKoshy P
abrahamkosh
y@hotmail.co
m
9447388184
3 Ground Water
Dept
Smt. Joshi
MrunmaiShashank IAS,
Director
8281112002
4 Dr. Ex-scientist
CWRD
Dr.Dinesan V P, Senior
Principal Scientist & Head, Geomatics Division
dvp@cwrdm.o
rg
Office No 0495-
2351891; Mobile 9847403585
59
No.
Institution Contact Person Email Phone
5
Dr. Jose Raphel,
District rainwater harvesting station
Thrissur (Mazhapolima)
Dr. Jose Raphel, District rainwater harvesting
station Thrissur
mazhapolima@gmail.com
joscraphael@
gmail.com
0487 2363616;
9447016400
6
Dam safety
Organisation, KSEB, C.E
Anil Kumar R.,Chief
Engineer (Dam Safety) &DRIP (As per Dec 2018-
CWC Website)
cedamsafety@gmail.com
9496018719
VII. Forest Management(Mascot Hotel)
P Pugazhendi IFS ( CCF, Forest Dept.) pugazhendiifs@gmail.com
1 KFRI (Refer 18- land)
1)Dr. S Sandeep, Scientist
Soil Science Division; sandeep@kfri.res.in
9446505286;
2) Dr. V B Sreekumar,
Scientist Botany division 9495660212
2 Dr P S Easa Former Scientist, KFRI, SEAC member
easaelephant@yahoo.com
9446324070
3
Kerala University
of Fisheries and Ocean Studies
(KUFOS)
Dr Shijo Joseph,
Assistant Professor, School of Fishery
Environment
shijo@kufos.a
c.in shijonrsa@g
mail.com
9562127128
4 Forest
Department CCF Mr Promod G Krishnan IFS 9745808109
5 KAU Forestyry Department
Dr. T K Kunhamu
VIII. Local Community & Resilience(Mascot Hotel)
Dr Kesav Mohan ( Former Director, ILDM) drkeshavmohan@gmail.com
1 KILA
Dr. Joy Elamon Director,
Kerala institute of Local Administration
director@kila
.ac.in
info@kila.ac.in
91 - 487 - 2201062; 2201708
9446521312; 9989835287(whatsa
p p)
2 Kerala Local Government
Commission
Mr. Vinod
lsgcommissio
n@gmail.com vinod.vel@g
mail.com
Phone: 0471- 2721627956070590
3 Harvard FXB centre, Sachit
1)SatchitBalsari, Principal Investigator,Harvard
balsari@hsph.harvard.edu
4 Harvard FXB centre, Sachit
2)Mihir Bhatt,
Director,AIDMI/Fellow,H arvard
balsari@hsph.harvard.edu
60
No.
Institution Contact Person Email Phone
5 Harvard FXB
centre, Sachit
3)Abishek Bhatia
Fellow,Harvard
balsari@hsph.
harvard.edu
6 Harvard FXB
centre, Sachit 4)Vishal Pathak (AIDMI)
balsari@hsph.
harvard.edu
7 Kudumbashree Anish Kumar; Program Manager,SVEP,Kudumb
ashree
ed@kudumba
shree.org
0471-2554717
8 Dept. of Economics, ST.
Teresa’s College
Ms.ShereenSherif
Asst.ProfDept History
shereensher@
gmail.com
8826308377
9
Centre for
Migration and
Inclusive Development
Binoy Peter
10
Mahatma Gandhi
National Rural Employment
Mission
L. P. Chither, Additional Mission Directior,
Mahatma Gandhi NREGS
mgnrega.kerala@gov.in
Mob:8078972385
11 NRHM Dr.Kiran, State Nodal Officer MH
arogyakeralam@gmail.com
Phone/Fax 0471- 23011812302784
12
Centre for
Development
studies
1) Dr
ThiaguRanganathan, Associate Professor,
2)Dr.
ChidambaranGurunatha nIyer, Associate Professor
13
Rajiv Gandhi Institute for
Development
Studies
Dr .OommenV.Oommen;
Head RGIDS SDG
oommenvo@g
mail.com
9871598812;
9447728940
14 Mrs. Annie George UNDP Consultant annie@bedroc
.in
9442100074
15 IRTC,Mundur Dr.K.Rajesh, Head, Socialscience Division
Post4rajesh@gmail.com
9497065402
16 UNICEF
Dr. K B Valsalakumari
IAS(Retd.), DRR Consultant,UNICEF
17 FDA 1)Ramesh Krishnan , Executive Director FDA
7907680589,
18 FDA
2) Ms Divya Chandran , Co-
ordinator school safety programme
divbavan@gm
ail.com
8129207788
IX. Transport, Communication and Technology(Hotel Central Residency)
61
No.
Institution Contact Person Email Phone
Dr B G Sreedevi ( Scientist, NATPAC) bgsreedevi@yahoo.com
1
Kerala Highway Research
Institute (under PWD)
1)Vinod C, Assistant
Director,KHRI
2
Kerala Highway
Research Institute (under PWD)
2)Shivaji KS,
Environmental Engineer,Design wing
PWD
3 Kerala Highway Research Institute
(under PWD)
3)Sankar V, Assistant
Director,KHRI
4 Kerala Highway Research Institute
(under PWD)
4)Santhosh Kumar K S,
Assistant Director, KHRI
5 Road Safety
Authority (KRSA)
1)T. Elangovan, Executive
Director
tangoelango
@gmail.com
krsa.exe.dir@gmail.com
Tel &Fax : 2336369
6 Road Safety Authority (KRSA)
2)Dr B G Sreedevi,Chief
Scientist, NATPAC, Trivandrum
bgsreedevi@yahoo.com
94463 42828
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