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Power Point & Written Exam
After this powerpoint presentation you will be
given a written examination based on this
information.
This exam prep addendum was created based
on the actual topics from the PSI examination
Good Luck!
The Label
Key signal words CAUTION, WARNING & DANGER
indicate the increasing levels of toxicity.
It is important to understand the meaning of the terms
“Label” and “Labeling”.
The label is information provided with a pesticide, usually affixed to or printed on the
container. This information provides directions to the user on how to properly and safely use
the product. It also provides regulators guidelines for controlling the products sale,
distribution, use, storage and disposal. Physicians rely on the label information for proper
treatment techniques in case of poisoning.
Labeling is the manufacturers information about a product including promotional brochures,
specimen labels and test studies.
Label instructions always contain the statement “It is a violation of federal law to use
this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling”. It is illegal because the label
IS the law. The label is registered with the EPA in addition to the actual product.
Math
LF/10=Ux4=G
This is an example of an equation to
help figure the gallons of chemical
solution needed for a certain amount
of linear footage.
Avoiding contamination
Considering the two types of exposure Acute and Chronic what type do
you think you are most vulnerable to? What are the likely routes of entry for
pesticide poisoning?
Dermal route The skin is very porous and pesticides in most any form can easily penetrate it. Skin that is
very dry, chapped or scraped will absorb pesticides very quickly . Concentrates spilled on dry
skin will pass through the skin right into the bloodstream and spread throughout your body.
Inhalation route Inhalation poisoning through the lungs is a serious threat in the pest control business. A large
dose of concentrated dust or wetable power suddenly blown in your face and lungs while
mixing could easily produce an acute or immediate poisoning.
Oral route Pesticides can enter your mouth so if you like the taste of pesticides you should probably get
out of the business. Accidental ingestion is more likely with the sources being splashing while
mixing, failing to wash your hands before eating or smoking.
Disposal
Keep surplus products contained and locked away until proper disposal is
available. Pesticide containers should be disposed of as the label
recommends. When containers cannot be recycled then follow the
following directions and or those of the label:
Triple rinse
Puncture
Crush flat
Dispose of in an EPA licensed sanitary landfill. For dry formulations empty the contents, open the container completely
and dispose in a landfill.
For aerosols relieve as much pressure as possible. Do not puncture.
Dispose in a landfill.
Environmental
Protection
Other steps to take to prevent environmental
contamination are:
Follow any label warnings. Consider potential runoff or
leaching when applying pesticides close to water sources.
Never apply pesticides to saturated or frozen earth. Check
the weather for reports of rain. Use alternative methods if
possible in risky situations. Be especially careful around water
wells or other sources of drinking water. Do not store or
dispose of pesticides or containers in a way that will allow for
future contamination.
Federal Pesticide laws
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in 1970.
The agency regulates pesticides with the authority of the Federal
Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). The basic
provisions of FIFRA are:
Requires EPA to register pesticides.
Requires classification of pesticides.
Requires that users of restricted use pesticides be certified.
Set tolerances for pesticide residues on raw agricultural products.
Sets penalties for improper use, disposal or storage of pesticides.
Authorizes civil and criminal penalties for pesticide violations.
Allows for stricter state standards.
Filling & Mixing practices What are safe mixing and filling practices?
First and foremost ALWAYS wear protective clothing and equipment when
you open a container of concentrated pesticide. Gloves, eye protection and
a respirator are essential. Read the label prior to opening the container.
Shaking or agitating may be required. Carefully choose a location to mix
products. Avoid areas that could be contaminated by a small spill. Never
mix product indoors.
Keep soap and fresh water handy at all times on your truck or in your
warehouse.
Never pour concentrates into an empty sprayer or bucket followed by
water. Fill your sprayer halfway then introduce the pesticide followed by
the rest of the water.
General Information
What can be done if a spill does occur during filling and mixing?
Contain the spill – isolate it to prevent spreading.
Control the spill – Isolate the spill from people, pets or livestock.
Soak up the spill – Use absorbent materials such as clay absorbent or
saw dust.
Clean up the spill – Collect your absorbent materials and shovel it into
plastic buckets.
Decontaminate the area – Use a decontamination agent such as
hydrated lime on the spill.
Clean equipment – Liquid bleach or strong detergents will clean your
truck or equipment.
Disposal of contaminated materials
Integrated Pest Management
Integrated pest management or IPM is more than an alternative procedure
for controlling pest. It is a philosophy and an attitude. The key word is
INTEGRATED. Integrated means to mix or involve many parts or
procedures. The point of IPM is to bring together all of the experiences,
tools, products (including pesticides) and knowledge of the PMP to
achieve and maintain control of pest problems without solely relying on
pesticides.
What are the 4 basic steps of an IPM program?
Inspection
Assessment
Action
Reinspection
Personal Protective Equipment
Pesticides can penetrate and absorb into your body very rapidly and
easily. The use of the proper personal protective equipment or PPE is
critical to protect you from an acute or a chronic poisoning. Pesticide labels
will specify what type of PPE to use when applying them.
Gloves – gloves are the most basic personal protection device that
you can utilize to protect your health. Gloves come in a variety of types.
Long pants, long sleeved shirts and coveralls are stipulated for use
on many pesticide labels.
Eyewear – eye protection should be used at all times when making
pesticide applications. Follow label instructions.
Respirators – The proper type and fit for your respirator is important to
protect your lungs from inhalation damage.
Boots
Aprons
Hats
The ears, eyes, scalp and genitals absorb pesticides the quickest.
Unlawful Acts
failure to provide a disclosure document prior to, or
accompanying, or at the same time, with a written estimate as
described in §7.174 of this title (relating to Termite Treatment
Disclosure Documents).
Any violation of the regulations promulgated under this
subchapter relating to treatment standards;
Making a pesticide application inconsistent with the labeling of any
pesticide as registered by the Environmental Protection Agency, the
United States Department of Agriculture, or the state registration for that
pesticide, or in violation of any condition or restriction placed upon the use
of that pesticide by the Environmental Protection Agency, the United
States Department of Agriculture, or the state;
Carpenter Ants Carpenter Ants
Carpenter ants are large ants usually ¼ inch and up to ¾ inch for the queen ant.
The body is black or dark brown but in Texas they can be both red and black.
Carpenter ants do not eat wood. Carpenter ants seek out soft or decaying wood to
excavate for galleries to rear their young. Perfectly sound, dry lumber is excavated
once the nest is established.
Carpenter ants will eject coarse sawdust mixed with insect parts and
insulation called Frass. Distinguish their damage from that of termites by the
smooth sandpapered appearance of their galleries.
Colony Structure Termites live in organized societies called colonies. The colony is made up of three caste or termites:
workers, soldiers and reproductives each having a critical role to play in the survival of the colony.
Workers make up the vast majority of the population. They are white, wingless and soft bodied. They
perform the work of the colony: foraging, feeding themselves and the other caste, maintaining galleries
and caring for the queen.
Soldiers make up only about 3 % of the population. Their duty is to protect the colony from predators
like ants. Soldiers have an enlarged head with sword-like mandibles. Soldiers are sterile and do not mate,
but they mature quickly and live about 3 years.
Reproductives breed and maintain the population of the colony. There are three types of reproductive
termites: primary, secondary and tertiary. Primary reproductives are a winged form from which the king
and queen develop. They are produced in mass numbers seasonally. They swarm from the colony, shed
their wings, pair off and seek to start a new colony. Their first batch off eggs will only be 6 to 12. It takes 2
to 3 years before reproductives are produced in a new colony. Queens live a long time and may produce
60,000 offspring.
Swarmers are produced in mature colonies 3 to 5 years old. They are black and have four white
wings. Secondary reproductives serve as a backup to primary reproductives and will supplement egg
production if needed. They have no wings but do have wing pads. Subterranean termites will usually
swarm about 10 days after a warm spring rain. The primary swarm is usually large but not all colonies will
swarm each year.
Drywood Termites Drywood termites are found throughout the state but mainly in coastal
areas. Drywoods need no contact with the soil. They enter a structure
through the eaves, fascia and attic.
The primary evidence of infestation is fecal pellets. They are 1/32 inch
long, six sided, blunt on one end and pointed on the other. Fecal
pellets will fall out of “kick holes” openings in the wood surface.
Formosan Termites Formosan termites are similar to native subterranean termites except that they
exhibit the ability to survive without constant contact with the ground. They will
exploit a roof or plumbing leak in order to build what’s called a carton in a
wall. Formosan termites are very aggressive and will tunnel in and damage a
structure usually about 10 times faster than native subs. Formosan colonies are
usually about 10 times larger too.
Other WDI Powderpost beetle’s are destructive pest that will infest buildings, cabinets, hardwood
flooring and furniture. They make small “shot hole” exit openings in wood surfaces and eject
a fine white powder from them. The adults are small usually about 1/8 inch long and are
black to reddish brown. The two most common pest species are the Lyctid beetle and the
Anobiid beetle.
The Lyctid beetle will lay eggs in the pores of hardwood and the larvae will bore into the
wood. They are unable to completely digest wood so the fine white powdery frass is left
behind.
Anobiid beetles also lay eggs in wood. They are able to digest wood and will leave frass
that contains fecal pellets.
Lyctid Anobiid
Carpenter Bees Carpenter Bees
Carpenter bees are large bees that will bore into wood in
order to rear their young. They prefer seasoned wood and
will bore a ½ inch hole more than 5 inches deep. They
overwinter in the wood. Treat the openings and let them exit
before plugging the holes a few days later.
Pesticides for Termites
Pyrethroids are synthetic versions of natural derived pyrethrins. They are effective at creating a termite barrier
because they are highly repellant to termites.
Borate is a term to describe compound chemicals that contain oxygen and boron. Borates are used in a variety of
household products such as laundry detergent. Several insecticides are now available that utilize borates as the active
ingredient. At low levels boron is minimally toxic to humans. The toxic effect on insects is just now being understood. Borates
basically kill the brew of bacteria and protozoa that live in a termites’ hindgut thereby disabling their ability to digest and
convert cellulose into nutrients.
Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are synthetic chemicals that mimic insect hormones. These
chemicals disrupt a wide array of physiological functions in insects such as molting or pupal emergence. IGRs have a
delayed effect and are accumulated by the insects in their bodies. IGRs are often designed to target a certain species of
insect or a group of closely related insects. IGRs are super low in mammalian toxicity. Termites will spread an IGR around the
colony through feeding and grooming of each other.
Biological control of termites is presently being studied and developed. Disease causing bacteria and fungi
and parasitic nematodes have shown some promise as control mechanisms. The direct injection of agents like Bacillus
thuringiensis into termite galleries or into the soil is being evaluated for its ablities and limitations.
Fipronil is non repellent and very stable. It acts as a nerve inhibitor on insects. It has a “transfer effect”on termites that
allows them to spread the product throughout the colony combined withdelayed action so that maximum mortality on the
termite colony is achieved. Fipronil has now been labled for use in many insect baits and for use as a perimeter spray for
ants and other insects.
Preconstruction treatments
Preconstruction on a structure can be classified as a
spot, partial or full treatment.
There are several disclosure forms required prior to
treatment.
Preconstruction treatments other than a single family
home require a pre notification to TDA using a TDA form.
The form must be sent to a specific TDA number via fax.
The notification must be between the hours of 6am to
9pm AND you must give a minimum of 4 hours notice
before treatment can begin.
Schools
All school districts must implement an IPM
program for all applications on school property
including termite treatment.
The IPM coordinator is responsible for
creating and implementing the IPM plan for
that school and any application must be
approved by the IPM coordinator in advance
of treatment.
Special Treatments
A stucco home will require that the
trench extend down below the
bottom of the stucco or foam board
so that the chemical will treat the
soil below that level.
Structural
considerations
When treating a home for termites you must understand how the
structure is built in order to apply the chemical correctly.
For instance a monlithic slab will require the outer perimeter to be
treated plus any plumbing penetrations.
A pier and beam foundation will require each pier to be treat and the
outer and inner side of the beams to be treated.
A stucco home will require that the trench extend down below the
bottom of the stucco or foam board so that the chemical will treat the
soil below that level.
Treatment
Standards
When an estimate or proposal for termite treatment is submitted to a
consumer the pest control company must provide the following
written disclosure information: For all treatments there will be a
diagram showing exactly what will be treated. Treatment specifications
and warranties for those treatments may vary widely. Review the pesticide
label provided to you for minimum treatment specification.
Documentation shall also include but is not limited to approximate
perimeter measurement of the structure, areas of active or previous
termite activity, the concentration of any liquid termiticide application to be
used or the minimum number of baiting systems installed or the square
footage if a barrier is installed.
Unlawful Acts (1) misrepresentation for the purpose of defrauding; deceit or fraud; the making of
a false statement with knowledge of its falsity for the purpose of inducing others to
act thereon to their damage;
(2) intentional misrepresentation in any application for a license;
(3) engaging in an advertising practice prohibited in §7.152 of this title (relating to
Advertising); advertising services which the licensee is not authorized to provide;
engaging in false, misleading or deceptive acts or practices; or advertising in an
unauthorized category;
(4) has been convicted or has pleaded guilty to a violation of the Act as
amended, or any regulation adopted hereunder, or any of the laws or regulations
of this state, another state, or the United States, relating to the licensing of pest
control operators and pesticide use;
(5) has been convicted of or has pled guilty to a felony or misdemeanor involving
moral turpitude, under the law of this state and other states of the United States
within seven years prior to the date of application, provided that when the
applicant is a defendant in any action in which the defendant is charged with a
felony or a misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, the department may delay
processing of the application until final disposition of any such criminal
proceedings;
Unlawful Acts…cont’d
(6) has a criminal background as explained in §7.129 of this title (relating to Licensing of
Persons with Criminal Backgrounds);
(7) failure of the licensee to supply the department or its authorized representative, upon
request, with true and accurate information concerning methods and materials used, or
work performed, or other information essential to the public health and welfare and to the
administration and enforcement of the Act;
(8) engaging in pest control practices in a manner that could be injurious to the public
health, safety, or to the environment;
(9) failure to comply with contract specifications;
(10) performing work in a category for which the certified applicator or technician
licensee is not licensed or an apprentice is not trained or licensed;
(11) failure of business licensee or certified noncommercial applicator to register
employees or failure to pay license fee for employees;
(12) making a pesticide application inconsistent with the labeling of any pesticide
as registered by the Environmental Protection Agency, the United States Department of
Agriculture, or the state registration for that pesticide, or in violation of any condition or
restriction placed upon the use of that pesticide by the Environmental Protection Agency,
the United States Department of Agriculture, or the state;
Unlawful Acts…cont’d (13) failure to make records of pesticide use and keep them available as required by the
Act, as amended, and §7.144 this title (relating to Pest Control Use Records);
(14) failure of business licensee to notify the department when a certified applicator or
apprentice leaves their employment;
(15) failure of business licensee to put identifying letters and numbers on vehicles as
required by regulations;
(16) failure to print in proper size type the address and telephone number of the
department and the statement that the business is licensed and regulated by the
Texas Department of Agriculture;
(17) failure of business licensee or certified noncommercial applicator to notify the
department of a change of address of their company or organization;
(18) failure of a business licensee or certified noncommercial applicator to give the
department an address where licensee may be located;
(19) failure of the certified applicator or business licensee to adequately supervise
employees;
(20) failure of certified applicator licensee, technician or apprentice to notify the department
when he or she moves or changes employers;
(21) failure to maintain continuous minimum liability insurance and continuing to operate
during lapsed period;
(22) failure to meet minimum continuing education or technician training requirements;
(23) failure to maintain technician or apprentice training records;
Unlawful Acts…cont’d (24) failure to provide signs, disclosure and information sheets;
(25) failure to post signs or distribute information sheets;
(26) failure to comply with a final order of the Commissioner;
(27) Permitting, aiding, abetting or conspiring with a person to intentionally
violate or circumvent a law or regulation enforced by the department;
(28) Denial, suspension, revocation, probation, fine or other license restriction or
discipline against a licensee by a state, territory, or Indian tribal government or the
federal government;
(29) Any violation of the regulations promulgated under this subchapter relating
to treatment standards;
(30) failure to pay an agreed or court ordered administrative penalty;
(31) failure to comply with §7.135 of this title (relating to Criteria for Evaluation of
Continuing Education);
(32) failure to comply with §7.150 of this title (relating to Schools);
(33) failure to comply with any section of the Act or these regulations; and
(34) failure to provide a disclosure document prior to, or accompanying, or
at the same time, with a written estimate as described in §7.174 of this title
(relating to Termite Treatment Disclosure Documents).
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