Texas Revolution. Battle of Gonzales Oct. 2, 1835 Mexican government wanted a cannon returned from...

Texas Revolution

Battle of Gonzales Oct. 2, 1835• Mexican government

wanted a cannon returned from the colonists at Gonzales. Texans refused- made a flag- ‘Come and Take It’

• Known as the ‘Lexington’ of the Texas Revolution (First shots fired)

• Proved the Texans were willing to use military force against Mexico

Gonzales cannon• 21.5’’ long• 69 lbs

Why would Gonzales be considered the‘Lexington’ of the Texas Revolution?

Battle of Gonzales

Battle of Lexington

Compare & Contrast these Two Battles

Battle of Lexington

• April 19, 1775• Lexington,

Massachusetts• 1st battle of American

Revolution.• Fought over

possession of weapons arsenal (Rifles & ammunition).

• American army was made up of volunteers.

• American colonists won the battle giving them confidence that they could defeat the larger more powerful army of Great Britain.

• October 2, 1835• Gonzales, Texas• 1st battle of the Texas

Revolution.• Fought over

possession of weapons (Cannon).

• Texan army was made up of volunteers.

• Texan colonists won the battle giving them confidence that the could defeat the larger more powerful Mexican army.

Battle of Gonzales

Capture of San Antonio• After the Battle of Gonzales, volunteers head up to

San Antonio to kick the Mexican army out.

• Elect Stephen F. Austin as their general• General Martin Perfecto de Cos leads the Mexicans at

San Antonio

• Ben Milam decided to attack the Mexican troops. General Cos surrenders Dec.10, 1835– Agrees to leave Texas with all the Mexican army.– Agrees to never fight in Texas again (lies). Santa

Anna is mad. Personally marches a large force of Mexican troops into Texas to put an end to the rebellion. Texans didn’t think he would march his troops in the winter.

Capture of San Antonio

Mexican soldiers surrender to the Texans

Santa Anna heads

to San Antonio with the majority of the Mexican

army

Santa Anna is upset General

Cos surrendered San Antonio to

the Texas rebels

1836 Convention• Washington-on-the

Brazos March 1836• 59 delegates meet &

decide Santa Anna is never going to reinstate the Mexican federal Constitution of 1824

• Declare Texas Independence from Mexico

Texas Declaration of Independence• March 2, 1836

(Texas Independence Day)• Written by George

Childress• Grievances: Stated that

Mexico denied them the rights guaranteed by the Mexican Constitution of 1824

• Stated Texans were deprived of freedoms they were used to from the U.S. Constitution

The Provisional ‘temporary’ Government

• Delegates at 1836 Convention felt it was not safe to hold public elections

• set up a provisional (temporary) government

• David Burnett -ad interim President

• Lorenzo de Zavala - ad interim vice-president

Sam HoustonChosen as the Commander-in-chief

of the Texas Army

William Goyens• Free African American• Helped negotiate peace treaty with the Cherokee during the Texas Revolution so they would stay neutral

The Alamo

February 23 – Mar. 6, 1836

What flag did the Texans wave at the Battle of the Alamo?

or

William B. TravisCommander of the

Alamo sends several letters out from the Alamo requesting

reinforcements

“To the people of Texas and all Americans in the world...-the commander of the Alamo states that he needs reinforcements but was willing to

die defending the fort

The Alamo- March 6, 1836• James

Bowie, William B. Travis, Davy Crockett & close to 200 other Texans die defending the Alamo

The events at the Alamo inspired the Texans to carry on

the struggle for freedom.

Alamo- Present day

Alamo- 1906Artist picture of Alamo 1836

Texas Navy

• Consisted of 4 ships• Brought supplies to the Texan army• Cut off supply lines to Mexican troops

by controlling the coastal waters of Texas

Battle of Coleto• James Fannin is commander of the Texan troops at

Goliad• Fannin gets orders from Sam Houston to retreat

toward Victoria• Gets surrounded by Mexican troops led by General

Urrea.• Appoximately 7 Texans were killed & 60 wounded

Goliad Massacre 3-27-1836

• Fannin surrenders to General Urrea

• Condition of surrender (accounts vary) Urrea assured Fannin that they would be released in the United States

• Colonel James Fannin & his troops (approx. 350) are executed by order of Santa Anna

• Inspires Texans to carry on the fight against Mexico. Texans mad that troops that surrendered were executed rather than taken as a prisoner of war.

Runaway Scrape March 1836

• Texan army was short on troops, guns, ammunition, & supplies

• Sam Houston hears @ the fall of the Alamo when he is at Gonzales. Orders a retreat & burns the town of Gonzales.

• Many other settlers also began to move eastward, away from Santa Anna’s approaching army.

Battle of San Jacinto

“Remember the Alamo!”

“Remember Goliad!”

Battle of San Jacinto• April 21, 1836• Final Battle of the Texas Revolution• # of Texas soldiers - 900

(9 dead)# of Mexican soldiers - 1200 (600 + dead)

• Mexico defeated in 18 minutes

San Jacinto Monument = Largest column monument in the world.

Washington monument- 555’

San Jacinto monument- 567’

The monument is topped with a 220-ton

star that commemorates the site

of the Battle of San Jacinto, the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution.

The monument, constructed between 1936 and 1939 and

dedicated on April 21, 1939.

Treaty of Velasco (cont. underneath San Jancinto)

• May 14th 1836• 2 Treaties signed by Santa Anna & David Burnett ‘officially ending’ the Texas Revolution

Treaty of Velasco stated…..Public Treaty• Declared Texas

independent from Mexico• Mexican army had to return• Prisoners would be exchanged• Santa Anna would be sent back to MexicoPrivate Treaty Santa Anna would persuade Mexican

leaders to recognize Texas independence & acknowledge the Rio Grande as the border between Texas & Mexico

the Republic of Texas

These are the

borders that

Texans will claim

as the new

Republic of Texas after the Revolution is over

Coahuila y Tejas

(Before the Revolution)