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The 3rd Academy on SSEAgadir, 8 April 2013Roberto Di Meglio, ILO
The Social and Solidarity Economy and Decent work
• Decent Work: a definition• Social and Solidarity Economy: principles, actors
and data• Youth Employment and Decent Work: data• Youth Employment through Social and Solidarity
Economy
Content
What is meant by Decent Work?
“Decent work sums up the aspirations of people in their working lives. It involves opportunities for work that are productive and deliver a fair income, security in the workplace and social protection for families, better prospects for personal development and social integration, freedom for people to express their concerns, organize and participate in the decisions that affect their lives and equality of opportunity and treatment for all women and men.”
“
1. Rights at work, in particular the fundamental principles and
rights at work;
2. Employment, livelihoods and income;
3. Social security and working conditions;
4. Social dialogue between governments, workers and employers
Four Pillars
“Convinced that in a world of growing interdependence and complexity and the
internationalization of production: (...) productive, profitable and sustainable enterprises,
together with a strong social economy and a viable public sector, are critical to sustainable
economic development and employment opportunities”
Declaration on Social Justice for a fair Globalization (2008)
The Social and Solidarity Economy: many different terms….
Social Economy
Solidarity Economy
Community Economy
Popular Economy
Social and Solidarity Economy
Social Enterprise
Social Economy
EnterprisesThird
Sector
Non-Profit Sector
recognize the primacy of people
and work over capital
are built on the principles of
solidarity, mutuality,
reciprocity, cooperation and
proximity
seek to simultaneously achieve social,
societal, economic and environmental
benefits
are based on voluntary
participation, member
empowerment and peoples’ commitment
… but common characteristicsSocial Economy entities differ from other forms of enterprises
and social organizations in that they:
Five Families
Cooperatives
Mutual societies
AssociationsFoundations
Social enterprises
TEN FACTS ON SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY
Clicker questions
Worldwide, there are 750.000 cooperative societies with one billion individual member-households and
1. 10 million employees 2. 100 million employees 3. 500 million employees
The OECD estimates that1. 5% 2. 10%3. 25%
of the citizens of the European Union are directly related to the Social Economy, be it as producers or as consumers, savers, tenants, insured, students or volunteers
Micro health insurance schemes: in French speaking Africa, some 336 schemes with
1. 71.000 2. 1.7 million3. 5.7 million
beneficiaries have been established.
At the European level, the SSE represents approximately 1. 3 %2. 6 %3. 8 %of total employment
Worldwide, there are 750.000 cooperative societies with one billion individual member-households and 100 million employees.
The 300 largest cooperatives in the world accumulate a combined turnover of 1.1 trillion US-$ per year
The OECD estimates that 25% of the citizens of the European Union are directly related to the Social Economy, be it as producers or as consumers, savers, tenants, insured, students or volunteers
Micro health insurance schemes: in French speaking Africa, some 336 schemes with 1.7 million beneficiaries have been established.
53,000 credit unions with 188 million members from 100 countries organized in the World Council of Credit Unions are supported and manage 1.5 trillion US-$ in assets.
Ten facts on Social and Solidarity Economy
1
2
3
4
5
At the European level, the SSE represents approximately 10 per cent of all European companies (approximately 2 million undertakings) and 6 per cent of total employment
Data (CEPES and LEGACOOP) shows that during the crisis started in 2008, the social economy sector has created new jobs in Italy, while in Spain it lost fewer jobs than in the traditional private sector
Many governements have recently approved new and innovative legal frameworks and policies on SSE (Brasil, France, Mexico, Spain). In Cameroun, Mali and South Africa the issue is on the public policy debate
In Argentina, well over 10.000 jobs have been saved through the establishment of 130 worker-owned “empresas recuperadas”( transformation of bankrupt private or public enterprises into worker-owned cooperatives)
7.100 social cooperatives in Italy provide work to 223.000 employees and 24,000 disadvantaged people undergoing integration
Ten facts on Social and Solidarity Economy
10
6
7
8
9
• Social economy organizations and enterprises can create Decent Work;
• Social economy enterprises and organizations can make existing work more decent.
Social economy and Decent Work
TEN FACTS ON THE YOUTH EMPLOYMENT CRISIS
Clicker questions
1. 10 %2. 20 %3. 40 %of the world’s unemployed are young people
On average, young people are nearly1. Two2. Three3. Four
times more likely to be unemployed than adults
Young women face1. more 2. less3. similar
difficulties than young man
Young people are 1. more prone to unemployment and under
employment2. more prone to unemployment, under
employment and informality3. more prone to unemployment, under
employment, informality and discouragement
than other groups
There are over 1.2 billion people in the world between 15 and 24 years of age
Forty per cent of the world’s unemployed are young people
On average, young people are nearly three times more likely to be unemployed than adults
Young women face more difficulties than young man
More than 220 million young workers are working poor
Ten facts on the youth employment crisis
1
2
3
4
5
Most young workers in developing countries are in the informal economy
There is an increasing incidence of non-standards jobs among youth
The transition from school to work is becoming increasingly difficult
Young people are more prone to unemployment, under employment, informality and discouragement than other groups
Youth are increasingly discouraged. The number of youth neither in employment nor in education or training is growing
Ten facts on the youth employment crisis
10
6
7
8
9
Decent Work Deficits
• Work in the informal economy is often characterized by– small or undefined workplaces– unsafe and unhealthy working conditions– low levels of skills and productivity– low or irregular incomes– long working hours– lack of access to information, markets, finance,
training and technology.
Informal Economy and Decent Work
“To promote decent work, it is necessary to eliminate the negative aspects of informality while at the same time ensuring that opportunities for livelihood and entrepreneurship are not destroyed, and promoting the protection and incorporation of workers and economic units in the informal economy into the mainstream economy”
Conclusions concerning decent work and the informal economy, 90th Session of the ILC, June 2002
The Social Economy as a BridgeBetween
informal and formal
Between rural and
urban
Between local and
global
Between society and
governments
Between individuals and society
OUR “COLLECTIVE BRAIN” ON SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY
WWW.ITCILO.ORG/SOCIALECONOMY
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