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The Application of Titanium in Direct Seawater Cooled LNG Plants
High Performance Tube, Inc. 1
LNG: A Growth Market
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Global Expansion78 liquefaction trains in service todayOver 60 new trains in proposal, FEED or EPCp p ,Titanium plays a critical role if seawater is utilized250 tons of titanium for typical Plant
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Snovit LNG, Norway
High Performance Tube, Inc.
LNG and Seawater Cooling
50% of trainsAdvantages
Energy Efficient gyStable temperature
Common ConcernsReliability Thermal Effluent
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Reliability & Material Selection
1st generation plants use Cu-NidCase History: Bontang, Indonesia
Survey of all LNG plantsSummary of lessons Learned
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Case History: Bontang LNG
MR Compressor Coolers1979 -- 90/10 Cu-Ni tubes1979 90/10 Cu Ni tubesFailure rate: 7% / year
Under deposit corrosionl d dUnplanned down-time !
Average of one outage per yearyLost production cost $$$
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Titanium Retrofit Solution
1992 - presentTitanium Fine-FinTitanium Fine-Fin tubes / RodBaffle Exchanger typeg ypNo corrosion or erosion in 15 yearsyIncreased capacity
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Summary of Lessons LearnedAvoid copper alloys / specify titaniumMaintain SW flow rate > 2 M/SMaintain SW flow rate > 2 M/SDesign for SW exit temperature < 40 C
d lProvide continuous cleaning SW strainers & continuous chlorinationDesign piping to eliminate low velocity pockets
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Titanium Adds ValueCost of unplanned down time of typical LNG train is $500,000.00 /dayLNG train is $500,000.00 /dayAdded cost of titanium vs. Cu-Ni Propane condenser = 5 million USDPropane condenser = 5 million USDLNG plant cost is 2 billion USD
l lMaterial selection is insurance
High Performance Tube, Inc.
New LNG Projects Specify Titanium
Oman, Qatar, Norway, Yemen, U.A.E.New heat exchanger technologies appliedOver 500 tons of titanium supplied in 2006
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Titanium Helifin Exchanger, Snovit LNG
High Performance Tube, Inc.
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Snovit LNG mixed refrigerant condenser
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Propane Condenser, Yemen LNG
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Compressor Cooler, Gasco NGL train 4
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Titanium Fine-Fin Tube bundles
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Titanium Fine-Fin Tubing2.5 times increase in surface areaLess material required Hydrocarbon gas cooling / condensing h ll idshell–side
Seawater tube-side
High Performance Tube, Inc.
Material Selection and Market FactorsIs there a titanium shortage?Is the current price level impacting material selection or project approvals?Competing materials
Super-ferritic stainless (Sea-Cure 29-4C)Super-ferritic stainless (Sea-Cure, 29-4C)6 Mo StainlessSuper-Duplex stainless 2507
k lCopper Nickel
High Performance Tube, Inc.
ConclusionLNG is the fastest growing sector of the energy market.Seawater cooling improves LNG plant efficiencyTitanium reduces the risk of unplanned down-Titanium reduces the risk of unplanned downtime and has become the standard for seawater service.Technologies such as Fine-Fin tubing and anti vibration baffle structures have improved the performance of titanium heat exchangers
High Performance Tube, Inc.
performance of titanium heat exchangers
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