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Identify and describe the leaders, cities,
contributions of the Assyrian and Chaldean
civilizations.
The Assyrians
Greatly influenced by the
Sumerian and
Babylonian civilizations
Were able to destroy
Babylon
Led by Assurnasirpal
Helps Assyrian power
spread
Sennacherib (Sen ack rib)
Son of Sargon II
Established capital of
Nineveh
Built a magnificent palace
Sargon II
Sennacherib
Military Contributions
1. Adaptation of Iron
weapons
2. armor is introduced
for the first time
3. Chariots
Military contributions con’t
3. Calvary units
4. Armies commanded
by nobility
5. Use of military
specialists
Assault units to attack city
walls
Siege towers
Battering rams
Assurnasirpal II I built a pillar against his city gate, and I flayed (skinned) all of the chief
men…and I covered the pillar with their skins. Some I walled up within
the pillar, some I impaled upon the pillar on stakes…and I cut off the
limbs of the officers” And again: “Many captives from among them I
burned with fire…From some I cut off their hands and their fingers, and
from others I cut off their noses, their ears…of many I put out the
eyes…Their young men and maidens I burned in the fire…
Sennacherib “With the corpses of its inhabitants, I filled the city squares…The city
and houses, from its foundations to its top, I destroyed, I devastated, I
burned with fire. The wall and outer wall, temples and gods, temple
towers of brick and earth, as many as there were, I
[destroyed]…Through the midst of that city I dug canals [from the
Euphrates River], I flooded its site with water…That in days to come the
side of that city, and [its] temples and gods, might not be recognized. I
dissolved it in water….annihilated it, making it like a meadow.”
Assurbanipal’s Contributions
1. A Great Library
2. Artwork
War and hunting scenes
Ornaments of gold, silver,
glass and ivory
The End of the Assyrians
The end of the Assyrians
came with the “rebirth” of
the Babylonians or Chaldeans
The Chaldeans fought the
Assyrians for 6 years starting
in 612
Captured and pillaged
Nineveh
Destroyed Assyrian capital
The Chaldeans
Led by King
Nabopolassar
He began to restore the
city of Babylon
Began to create an
Empire
Other Contributions of the
Chaldeans
Neo-Babylonians
1. Studies of the Heavens (Sun, Moon, Planets)
2. Studies of Astronomy
3. 1st to forecast an eclipse
4. The Study of Science was the key to the
future
Babylonian Captivity
597 B.C. Nebuchadnezzar captured Jerusalem
and Judah
Brought the Hebrews to Babylon
587 B.C. – 538 B.C. know as the Babylonian
captivity
Diaspora
Scattering of a group of people from their ethnic
homeland
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