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The Clarinet Family. Bb, Eb , alto, bass, and contrabass. Bb Clarinet. Origin Early 18 th century Made in Germany Designer: Johann Christoph Denner Evolved from Chalumeau To increase the instrument range, improve the mouthpiece and bell Woodwind Family. B b Clarinet . Material - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Clarinet Family
Bb, Eb, alto, bass, and contrabass
Bb Clarinet
Origin- Early 18th century- Made in Germany- Designer: Johann Christoph Denner- Evolved from Chalumeau - To increase the instrument range, improve
the mouthpiece and bell - Woodwind Family
Bb Clarinet Material- African Blackwood- Good Quality Plastic
Range₋ From E one octave below middle C
to G three octaves above middle C₋ Treble Clef₋ 3 ½ - 4 octaves₋ Extended: beyond A (experienced
players)Written Range
Bb ClarinetTone- Varies a lot over the big range- Chalumeau (low register): rich and dark- Clarino and Altissimo (higher registers): clear, direct
sound, impressive- Extreme Upper Register: shrill, piercing tone
Technique- Embouchure (lower lip over the teeth of
lower jaw, pull the lower lip tightly as “smile”, avoid pressing the mouthpiece onto the lower lip too hard but firmly against the upper teeth)
- Attack and Articulation (“TA ” or “DA”)- Fingering
Bb Clarinet
Ensemble Playing- Voice: Soprano- Other Setting: Jazz, contemporary, chamber music
Bb ClarinetPrimary Solo Composers- Brahms and Mozart* Mozart loved the clarinet, and brought it into popularity in orchestral music.
Professional Musician- Famous jazz clarinet player Benny
Goodman
Brahms
Benny Goodman
Mozart
Well-Known Repertoires- Ensemble Based: Capriccio Espagnol
clarinet (Rimsky-Korsakov)- Solo: Carnival of Venice- Solo: Clarinet Concerto (Mozart)
Eb Clarinet
Background- Smallest of the standard clarinet known as
the baby clarinet- A third shorter than the Bb or A clarinet. - Took over the role of F clarinet beginning in
the late 18th century.- Constructed in early days to replace the high
trumpet or cornet.- Woodwind family
Eb Clarinet Material- African Blackwood- Plastic or resin- Mixtrure of resin and wood
Range₋ From E one octave below middle C
to D two octaves above middle C₋ Treble Clef₋ 3 and half octave
Eb ClarinetTone- Exaggeration of the soprano clarinet- Perky, bright, and blatant that is agile and assertive- Can be shrill at loud dynamics- Similar to the sound of the piccolo- Resembling a trumpet
Ensemble playing- Adds a bright clean tone- Cut above the clamor of the brass section- Garnish instrument along with the piccolo
and/or flute
Eb Clarinet
Technique- Correct Embouchure- Breathing and blowing properly- Fingering- Attack or articulation
Eb ClarinetProfessional Musicians- Laurence Liberson- Pascual Martinez Forteza
Composer- Hector Berkuiz- Albert. Heinrich- Anton Webern
Hector Berkuiz
Albert Heinrich
Eb ClarinetSolo Repertoire Note: Solo pieces for the sopranino clarinet are very rare, and there are currently no professional clarinetists who play this instrument only.
• Rondo Caprice• Tre Pezzi• Suite of Four Dances
Ensemble Repertoire• Symphonie Gantastique • Bolero• The Rite of Spring
Alto ClarinetOrigin- Early 19th century- First in the key of F- Germany and France- Designers:
Cuvillier and Simiot (France)Grenser and Wiesner (Germany)
- It served to enrich the sound produced from the clarinet family
- Evolved from bass clarinet, similar to alto saxophone
- Woodwind Family
Alto ClarinetDetails- hard rubber, plastic, Grenadilla or any other kind of wood- upturned metal bell, arched neck, two-piece body- Good full tone, warm, dark, blends well, one octave lower than Eb clarinet. * No difficulty in balancing other modern instruments- 3 octaves- Treble clef- Range:
chalumeau, clarino, altissimo register
Alto Clarinet
MTSU Clarinet Choir
Alto ClarinetEnsemble Playing- a regular constituent of American concert
bands, but little used in the orchestra, and is no longer included in British Army bands.
- fits between soprano and bass clarinet- is mostly used to replace or complement the
3rd part of a quartet or the alto saxophone section
- voice is tenor; In high registry: alto- Other setting: Military bands (past)- Other types: Contra alto, selmer alto clarinet
Alto ClarinetTechniques- tone holes covered by plates instead of
directly by the fingers- NOT EASY!- Larger bite- Lot of air- Avoid too much embouchure adjustment- A strap or foot peg is needed
Clarification- Is also called “tenor clarinet”- Different than basset horn: lower pitch, wider bore than the basset horn
Alto ClarinetComposers
Franz Schubert
Wolfgang Amadeus Molzart
Elliott SchwartzFritz Renold
Alto ClarinetEnsemble Repertoires
- Air and Gigue (Handel) - Allegro (J.C. Bach) - Allegro Rococo (Koepke) - An Der Wiege (Grieg) - Ballad (Rimsky-Korsakov) - Blue Twilight (Walters) - Theme from Christmas Oratorio- Menuetto (Mozart)
Solo Repertoires- A Waltz Dream (Oscar Strauss/Harris)- Allegro Spiritoso (J.B. Senaille/Gee) - Praeludium (Schmutz) - Solfeggieto (Carl P. E. Bach)
Professional Musicians- Kiyoshi Arai- Mark Wolbers
Bibliography
http://www.1st-clarinet-music.com/Articles/e-flat-clarinet.htm
http://soundcloud.com/robbieellis/three-sibilants
http://musiced.about.com/od/beginnersguide/a/clarinettypes.htm
http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/E-flat+Clarinets
http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/thesoundexchange/the_orchestra/instruments/clarinet/range/
http://wiki.youngcomposers.com/Clarinet
http://www.vsl.co.at/en/70/3161/3173/3175/5583.vsl
Bb and Eb:
Bibliography
http://the-clarinets.net/english/clarinet-family.html
http://www.music.vt.edu/musicdictionary/texta/Altoclarinet.html
http://hem.passagen.se/eriahl/clarinet.htm
http://www.sfoxclarinets.com/Basset_Horn.html
http://www.usefulweb.org/clarinet/types.html
http://www.altoclarinet.org/
http://wiki.youngcomposers.com/Clarinet#Eb_alto_clarinet
http://www.penders.com/index.php/2032/class-uil-alto-clar-solos?cPath=2032
Alto:
How Much You Know About the
Clarinets
READY?
How Much You Know About the
ClarinetsLEVEL 11) Who invented the clarinet? - Johann Denner
2) Which continent does the wood to make clarinet come from?
- Africa
3) What is the lowest the note on a Bb Clarinet (how many octave(s) below Central C)?
- Low E (one octave below Central C)
4) From what Renaissance instrument did the clarinet develop?
- Chalumeau
How Much You Know About the
ClarinetsLEVEL 2 (a little thinking)5) What is the highest sounding clarinet (CAREFUL)? - Sopranino Clarinet
6) Is violin very closely related to the clarinet?
- No, they have no relation. Well, the only way they can be related is that they are both instruments played in orchestras ;)
7) Is the French horn related to the clarinet in any way?
- Yes, they are both aerophones /wind instruments, HAHA
8) What is the firmest, hence most difficult reed (of those named)?
- 4.5 (most general); if you answer “5”, that’s okay too.
How Much You Know About the
ClarinetsLEVEL 3 (knowledge is critical)
9) What part of the clarinet holds the reed in place? - Ligature
10) What fingering system is currently used on clarinets?
- Boehm System
11) This composer wrote a piece for clarinet just before his death in 1791. Give the name of this composer and this piece.
- Mozart, Clarinet Concerto in A (basset clarinet)
How Much You Know About the
Clarinets*bonas*
Or, if you want, call it the HAGAN CHALLENGE
Finally, roughly what does the word “clarinet” mean? (It’ll be great if you can also come up
with the Italian word)
“LITTLE TRUMPET”
Italian Word: Clarinetto, derived from the word “clarino”, which is a kind of trumpet that is loud and clear!
Is this the answer you expected?
THE END
Thanks for participating!
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