The Human Digestive System What do you already know? Complete the Digestive System Handout to the...

The Human Digestive SystemWhat do you already know?

• Complete the Digestive System Handout to the best of your ability without looking in any text or your notes.

• You may work in groups.

• Do not complete the bottom overview.

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The Human Digestive System

Video Overview

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How much can you eat?

Mr. Eats All

When you eat foods such as bread, meat, and vegetables, they are not in a form that the body can use.

Food and drink consumed must be broken down into smaller molecules so that they can be absorbed into the body.

Why do we need a Digestive System?

Components of the Digestive System?• The Digestive Tract is a series of hollow

organs joined in a long, twisted tube from the mouth to the anus.

• Organs involved: • Mouth• Esophagus• Stomach• Liver• Pancreas• Small Intestine• Large Intestine• Rectum

Oral Cavity (mouth)

Small Intestine

Esophagus

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Digestive Enzymes

• Digestive Enzymes help to break food ……………

Digestive Enzymes Video

The Mouth• Digestion begins in the oral cavity

(mouth) where 2 types of digestion take place:

1) Mechanical Digestion

2) Chemical Digestion

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Chemical Digestion• The Human Body releases 1 – 1.5L

of saliva per day from glands in your cheeks (salivary glands)

• Saliva converts Carbohydrates into simple sugars like Glucose.

Glucose

Chemical Digestion• …………….

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Chewing Crackers Part 2 – Record your observations

What it feels like initially in your mouth

- Is it sweet/bland?

What is feels like after 1 min. in your mouth- Is it sweet/bland?

What it feels like after 1.5 min. in your mouth

What it feels like when you chew it

Place a cracker in your mouth and let it sit for 1.5 min. before chewing

• What was the main texture (feeling) difference in your mouth between chewing right away and waiting 1.5 minutes before chowing down?

• When the cracker is in your mouth your saliva starts to break it down get’s softer

Chewing Crackers Discussion

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The Trachea (Wind Pipe) and Esophagus are connected: – Why does food not go into lungs?

There is a small flap consisting of connective tissue which prevents food from …………..

Esophagus

Trachea

The wall of the esophagus is made up of two layers of smooth muscles which push the food down into the stomach

If a person were to swallow while being upside down you could see the muscles in action.

Esophagus

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The stomach acts as a storage place for food as well as a place of digestion.

It is also described as an elastic “bag” made ……………..

- It can ……………

Stomach

Mechanical Digestion: The muscles of the stomach wall contract and expand to churn food and move it towards the small intestine.

The growling sound you sometimes here is your stomach moving.

This is smooth muscle

Stomach

Bread in bag experiment:

1) Take 1 piece of bread per two students. Rip in half so each student has ½ of a slice

2) Obtain a small sandwich bag from the front of the room

3) Tear your ½ slice of bread into smaller pieces and place it into your sandwich bag (What does this represent?)

4) Your teacher will come around now and pour a small amount of juice into the bag

5) Close your bag and squish the bread with your fingers until all of the pieces are really small (What does this represent?)

6) Put all of the contents of the bag into the garbage (What does this represent?)

The small intestine further splits food into smaller pieces. Most of the nutrients we take in are absorbed in the small intestine.

Small Intestine VideoBlood

Small Intestine

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• Sometimes called the Colon.

Its function is to absorb water and vitamins from the remaining food.

• …………….

• About 1.5 m (5 feet) long and 6.5 cm (2.5 inches) in diameter

Called the large intestine because it has a much larger diameter than the small intestine

Large Intestine

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• ……………..

• The Liver also produces bile which helps digest fats

• These substances are delivered into the Small Intestine

Accessory Organs

- Produces bile which is stored in the gall bladder.

- Bile is then sent to the small intestine to break down fats.

Gall Bladder

Liver

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The Human Digestive System Handout RevisitedWhat do you already know?

• Complete the Digestive System Handout to the best of your ability without looking in any text or your notes.

• Complete the bottom section using information from this Power Point

Excellent Digestive System Interactive Activities – In slideshow mode, please Click

to visit