The Interplanetary Transport Network: Space Transportation Architecture for the 21st Century 5 May...

The Interplanetary Transport Network: Space Transportation Architecture for the 21st Century

5 May 2004

Shane Ross

Everhart Lecture Series

Control & Dynamical Systems

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Animation Source: Cici Koenig

www.cds.caltech.edu/~shane

Collaborators: M.W. Lo (JPL/NASA), J.E. Marsden & W.S. Koon (CDS)

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Source: John Frassanito & Associates

Mars

Moon

Asteroids

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Source: Greg Martin

Terrestrial Planet Finder

(TPF)

Jupiter’s Moons

Io EuropaGanymede Callisto

Earth

Moon

Icy Moons

You are here

Fuel 90%

Spacecraft 10%

Now you’re here

Now you’re here

Now you’re here

Destinations, stay time => on-board fuel mass %

Rockets => limited spacecraft mass

Apollo (Lunar Lander): 61%

Pioneer / Voyager (Planetary Flybys): 46%

Galileo (Jupiter Orbiter): 42%

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Galileo (Jupiter Orbiter): 42%

NEAR (Asteroid Orbiter / Lander): 40%

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Genesis (Solar Wind Sample Return): 4%

Your car (San Francisco): 5%

Your car (Bakersfield, maybe?): 5%

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Less fuel =>more payloadmore science

Less fuel =>more payloadmore sciencemore bang per buck

Youare here

Pick your destinations

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Flybys

Pioneer and Voyager Probes

Clever path choice

Clever path choice

Genesis and other future missions

Moon’s orbit

<= Sun

Multi-Moon Orbiter

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Map of all the clever paths:Low energy passageways

Image Source: Cici Koenig

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What makes a comet or spacecraft movealong strange paths?

Look at particle motion in field of onlytwo bodies at a time

Jupiter and the Sun

KeplerQuickTime™ and a

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Image source: http://www.if.ufrj.br/famous/kepler.jpg

Newton

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Newton

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Newton

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UNSOLVABLE

All Forces

Balance

Park At Your Own Risk

All Forces

Balance

Euler

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Image source: http://ods.schule.de/schulen/herder/aktuelles/euler.jpg

Lagrange

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Lagrange Points

L4

L5

L1

L2

L3

Lagrange

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L1

L2

L1

L2Poincaré

“Chaos Theory”

L1

L2

L1

L2WINDING OFF

L1 ORBIT L2 ORBITTubes

WINDING ON

L1

L2

On One Tube

WINDING OFF

L1 ORBIT L2 ORBIT

WINDING ON

L1

L2WINDING OFF

L1 ORBIT L2 ORBIT

WINDING ON

On Both Tubes

L1

L2DEPARTING TUBE

L1 GATEWAY L2 GATEWAY

APPROACHING TUBE

Inside The Tubes

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Earth’s Neighborhood

• Sun-Earth-Spacecraft: EL1, EL2, …

• Earth-Moon-Spacecraft: LL1, LL2, … LL5

• Sun-Earth-Spacecraft: EL1, EL2, …

• Earth-Moon-Spacecraft: LL1, LL2, … LL5

GenesisSample Return

Mission

HALO ORBIT

TUBES

L2 GATEWAY

MOON

L1 GATEWAY

STATION

TUBES

L1 GATEWAY

STATION

L2 GATEWAY

MOON

EARTH

EARTH L2 HALO ORBIT

Tube Hopping

Earth

L2

Earth Rotating Frame

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Deploying Deep Space Telescopes

Lunar L1 Gateway Station

TPF @ Earth L2

STA-103 astronauts repairing the Hubble Space Telescope

Telescope Servicing

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Animation Source: Martin Lo, JPL

Moon

Asteroids

Mars

Lunar L1 Gateway Station

Deep Space Telescopes

Transportation Hub

Sun-Earth L1 , L2

Lunar L1 Gateway

MoonLow Earth Orbit

Earth

Mars

Ea

rth

’s N

eig

hb

orh

oo

d

Acc

ess

ible

Pla

ne

tary

Su

rfa

ces

Outer Planets and beyond

Sun, Mercury, Venus

Solar System Metro Map

Jupiter’s Moons

Multi-Moon Orbiter

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Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter (JIMO)

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Much more mapping to be done!

The End

Unless otherwise stated, the source for all images not produced by Shane Ross or his co-authors and collaborators is NASA and the NASA websites www.jpl.nasa.gov and www.hq.nasa.gov