View
35
Download
1
Category
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
The issue of loop flows Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Fyk. Berlin, 4 December 2012. Main power flows in Europe. Source: ENTSO-E Ten-Year Network Developemnt Plan 2012. What are loop flows. Loop flows / unplanned power flows / unannounced power flows - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
The issue of loop flows
Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Fyk
Berlin, 4 December 2012
Main powerflows in Europe
2Source: ENTSO-E Ten-Year Network Developemnt Plan 2012
Loop flows / unplanned power flows / unannounced power flows
- physical phenomena that occurs when generation and load centers diverge thus resulting in differences between commercial schedules and physical flows.
Unplanned power flows result from:1. internal transactions between Northern (supply of wind
generation) and Southern Germany (demand) but also 2. exchanges within a common market area of Germany and
Austria
There are no explicit limits to these flows even if they are heavily using the networks of the neighbors.
What are loop flows
3
Physical and commercial power flows Sweden
Germany
Ukraine
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Export: 7233.6 GWhImport: 1983.5 GWh
Export: 2609.9 GWh
Import: 195.3 GWh
Out: 432.1 GWh
In: 5135.6 GWh
Export: 3035.9 GWh
Import: 224.4 GWh
Out: 8261.5 GWh
In: 44.0 GWh
Export: 1284.5 GWh
Import: 37.2 GWh
Out: 3051.6 GWh
In: 26.6 GWh
Export: 0.0 GWh
Import: 59.6 GWh
Out: 0.0 GWh
In: 59.6 GWh
Export: 303.3 GWh
Import: 1467.0 GWh
Out: 277.5 GWh
In: 1513.6 GWh
4Source: Polish Energy Regulatory Office
Problems resulting from loop flows
5
• The system security in Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia is seriously distorted (threat of regional blackouts)
Operational security
• Continuous decrease of capacity used for cross-border trade
Market integration
and efficiency
• Can hamper cross-border investment (as such investment might not be beneficial for investing country)
Infrastructure
Winter 2011/2012 – critical
6
Problems associated with loop flows increased both in numbers and scale
massive renewable energy sources development not corresponding with grid development
EnergiewendeSource: Position of ČEPS, MAVIR, PSE Operator and SEPS regarding the issue of Bidding Zones Definition
Why Poland and Germany will cooperate
7
Regulation No 714/2009 and
Congestion Management Guidelines
Point 3.1. capacity allocation at an interconnection shall be coordinated by involved TSOs. If commercial exchanges between two countries affect physical flow in third country – coordination between all affected TSOs.
Point 3.2. coordinated congestion management method shall be applied by not later than 1 January 2007 in regions: Central Eastern Europe (Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Austria and Slovenia)
-
Many initiatives aiming to address the problem:1. The European Commission - study 2. ACER 3. ENTSO-E4. BNetzA and Federal Ministry (internal)
Many possible solutions:- short-term – better coordination and cooperation
between TSOs related to operational security (re-dispatching)
- mid-term – correct market design (adequate bidding zones)
- long-term – infrastructure enhancement (interconnectors and internal grids)
Phase Shifters is it a real solution Problem Shifters ???
Possible solutions
8
Phase shifters in Europe
9Source: Polish Energy Regulatory Office
What can be done: main investment projects of PSE Operator SA
10
`
MKR ZAM
GLN
POM
GDP
KOP
BYD
JAS
PLE CZE
PPD
MON
PLC
GOR
DUN
SLK
ZRC
GBL
GDA
GRU
TEL
WLA
PAT
KON
ADA
OLM
OLS
ELK
PLO
PDEMSK
SOC
LSN
LES
OSRZUKPOL
CRN
MIK
HAG
VIE
PIA
KOZ
ROZPUL
ABRCHS
NAR
BIA ROS
OSC
DOB
STWCHM
PEL
RZE
BGC
KPK
RAD
KIE
JAN
PIO
PAB
ZGI
BEKTRE
ROG
JOA
ANI
HCZ
WRZ
LOS
TAW
ATA
KLA
KRI
WAN
LUASIE
ROK
GRO
DBN
ZBK
SWI
WRC
PAS
BOG
CPC
ALBNOS
TCN
KRA
LEM
KRM
OLT
SKA
MOR
WTO
LSY
PKW
WSI
ZYD
OST
ALY
BLA
REC
KED
CHAWIE
LAG
PRBCZT
ZAP
BUJKOM
BIR
HALKAT
JAMKHK
MOS
LIS
LMS
MIL
STN
BYC
BCN
ZDKELB
PLP
DRG
PLBEISGUB
SDU
400 kV
750 kV
220 kV
400 kV temporary at 220 kV
DC cable 450 kV
Legend :
Ger-Pol Power Bridge
Wind Integration
Power Evacuation_OST
Power Evacuation_KOZ
Power Evacuation_DBN
Ger-Pol Improvements
Power Evacuation_NORTH
Source: PSE Operator SA
1. Phase shifting transformers:
• better management of unplanned transits DE-PL-CZ
• enhancement of transfer capacity on Polish synchronous profile. Expected NTC increase:
• 500 MW for import and 1500 MW for export
• greater security and reliability of the regional transmission network in Poland and in other countries of the CEE region
• increased capability to accommodate more renewable energy resources in a safe and reliable manner
1. Third DE-PL interconnector:
◦ strengthening market integration between member states
◦ increasing NTC by 1500 MW for import and 500 MW for export on PL-DE/SK/CZ synchronous profile
◦ improving network security - project contributes to increase of security of supply and flexibility of the transmission network
Improvements on German-Polish border
11
Recommended