View
223
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
The North and the South
Why can’t we all just get along?
How were they so different?
After the War for Independence, several northern states passed laws to abolish slavery
The Southern states chose not to Many disagreements took place over
the issue Why do you think the South would
want to keep a system of slavery in place?
Cotton=one Very Important Crop
The cotton gin was invented in 1793; it made cotton easier to produce Southerners wanted more slaves to work in
their cotton fields The value of cotton is rising-it is in high
demand all over the world. Textile mills in Britain and New England
needed more cotton
Cotton Cotton became the South’s most
important crop and it was growing it for the entire world!
Plantation owners used the money they were making to buy more land and slaves
Slavery grew even bigger!
The slavery argument rages
The South said that slavery was too important to their economy to give up!
The North said that slavery was slowing the country’s economy
The North thought slavery was unfair and wrong
More differences than just slavery
The South’s economy was agricultural and based on farming
The North’s economy was changing as cities grew and factories were being built
The Tariff Tiff A tariff is a tax on imported goods Congress passed high tariffs on goods
made outside the U.S. like British textiles The tariffs were used to help American
manufacturing The taxes greatly helped the North, but
not the South The South was unhappy to have to pay
these taxes and not get any benefit from them
States’ Rights
John Calhoun, a Southerner started arguing against the tariffs
He believed in states’ rights which is the idea that the states, not the federal government should make decisions
Many Southerners agreed with him
Sectionalism Develops
Sectionalism is when one has loyalty to one part of the country
Disagreements over slavery, tariffs, and the issue of states rights led to people caring more about their section of the country rather than the U.S. as a whole
Check all the characteristics that match the South:
Factories Believed in states’ rights Farming Many Manufactured goods Many slaves
Check all the characteristics that match the North:
Big city life Plantations Cotton growing Supported the tariffs Against slavery
Harriet Beecher Stowe Harriet Beecher Stowe was against the Fugitive
Slave Law Stowe was a writer from New England She wrote a story describing the cruelty of slavery
and how slavery was not just a Southern problem, but a national problem
Her book, Uncle Tom’s Cabin convinced many northerners that slavery was wrong
The Southerners thought that Stowe’s picture of slavery was wrong
The book was another source of disagreement between the North and the South
John Brown’s Raid
An abolitionist named John Brown took matters into his own hands
He tried to start a rebellion against slavery by attacking a US Army post at Harper’s Ferry, VA.
Soldiers captured Brown and his group Brown was taken to trial, found guilty,
and was hanged The North saw Brown as a hero!
A Country Divided
The conflict bet. the North and the South worsens
People in the South were worried that the abolitionists were trying to start a slave rebellion
Some Southerners believed that secession was the only way to protect their way of life
Secession is when part of a country leaves and breaks off from the rest
Lincoln’s Election In 1860, the country elected a
newpresident The Democratic Party was split
between 2 candidates The Republican Party chose Abraham
Lincoln as their candidate Lincoln has support in the North, but
very little in the South
A New President
Lincoln won the election overall, but did not win in one Southern state
The South was upset and thought that the federal gov’t was growing too strong and Lincoln would try to end all slavery
They believed the succession was the only way to protect their rights
The South starts to secede
South Carolina withdrew first followed by 6 other Southern states
Delegates from the 7 states met and decided to form their own confederation in which the states would have more power than the central gov’t
These states called themselves the Confederate States of America or the Confederacy
Two Presidents
The Confederacy decided to elect Jefferson Davis as President
Meanwhile, President Lincoln just wanted to keep the country together, but it was too late
In Charleston, SC the state militia had surrounded Fort Sumter, a federal fort with US soldiers inside
Fort Sumter
The Confederacy wanted control of the fort
The fort remained in union hands, but were running out of supplies
If supplies were not sent soon, then they would have to surrender
Lincoln wanted to keep control of Fort Sumter, so he sent more supplies
The start of a war
Davis made the decision to attack the fort before the supplies arrived
Confederate leaders saw the refusal to surrender the fort as an act of war
The Union troops ran out of supplies and were forced to surrender
The Civil War has begun A civil war is a war between two
groups in the same nation
The following causes contributed to the start of the Civil War:
Disagreement over States’ rights Disagreement over slavery Disagreement over tariffs Uncle Tom’s Cabin Lincoln’s Election John Brown’s Raid The attack on Fort Sumter
Recommended