View
223
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Interesting Facts
• Phosphorous is a non-metal
• It is essential for the body's energy transport molecules and for holding DNA and RNA molecules together
• Many non-metals are absolutely essential for body functioning like nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, etc.
More Facts…..
• Oxygen, carbon and nitrogen cycles include gases in the atmosphere. The phosphorous cycle is an example a non-metal cycle that does not have a gas as part of its cycle.
Importance of Phosphorus
Phosphorus, mainly in the form of the ions, is an essential and important nutrient of both animals and plants.
What is the Phosphorus Cycle?
The phosphorus cycle occurs in many different ways. It can be seen from a soil-based view, an ecosystem like view and in a global view.
The Phosphorus Cycle
Animalmanures
and biosolids Mineralfertilizers
Crop harvest
Runoff anderosion
Leaching(usually minor)
Organic phosphorus•Microbial•Plant residue•Humus
Primaryminerals(apatite)
Plant residues
Plantuptake
Soil solutionphosphorus•HPO4
-2
•H2PO4-1
Secondarycompounds
(CaP, FeP, MnP, AlP)
DissolutionDissolution
PrecipitationPrecipitation
Mineralsurfaces
(clays, Fe and Al oxides,
carbonates)W
eath
erin
g
Wea
ther
ing
AdsorptionAdsorption
Mineralization
Mineralization
Immobilization
ImmobilizationDesorptionDesorption
Input to soilComponent Loss from soil
Atmosphericdeposition
Phase Two
2) Mining of rocks rich in phosphorous:
Mining rocks rich in phosphate are mainly used for agricultural. They are essential ingredient in fertilizers. Without it, our plants would not grow
Phase Three
3) Fertilizers contain both nitrogen and phosphates. Both of which are essential for living cells. The phosphate is essential for DNA, RNA.
Phase Three (cont.)
If farmers place too much fertilizer on their fields, this may alter the phosphorus cycle. An excess of phosphates entering from farmland runoff or erosion may cause rapid growth of algae and other kinds of plants that live in water.
Phase Five
5) Soil Phosphates are added to the soil by fertilizers or by the excreted products of living things.
Phase Six
6) Plants or producers are the key in passing on phosphates to other living things. Phosphate enters the plants through the root system. Once inside they become part of the plant's DNA and RNA.
Phase Seven
7) Animals receive their phosphates from producers either directly or indirectly. Example: A) A mouse eats a plant
*considered directly
B) Wolf eats the mouse
*considered indirectly
Phase Eight
8) Through feces, urine, and decay of dead plants and animals, phosphates return to the soil either to be….
Phase Nine
9) Over time , phosphates are slowly dissolved from rocks by chemical weathering mainly through rain and melting snow. It is then carried into waterways where it enters the water or aquatic phase of the phosphorus cycle.
Phase Ten
10) After reaching the ocean, the phosphate is then integrated with the plants or producers. As on land, the plants are necessary for the animals to get there phosphate.
Phase Eleven
11) Next, animals ingest the plants and by doing so receive the needed phosphate. Once again the idea of direct and indirect comes into play Example: Little fish eats a plant
*Direct Big fish eat little fish
*Indirect
Phase Twelve
12) In the next step there are two possible outcome. Sea life returns phosphates as dissolved phosphates through death or through excretion of waste materials from their cells or bodies. From here they can either…..
Phase twelve continued
Return to the plants
and producers
Settle at the bottom and form marine
sediments
or
Phase Thirteen
13) If the dissolved phosphate becomes marine sediments it can remain at the bottom of a body of water indefinitely. The process by which it is brought back to the surface is known as crustal uplift
Phase Fourteen
14) Erosion is also part of the phosphorus cycle. In the cycle it occurs in the surface runoff carrying phosphates in a dissolved form to a water environment.
Phosphorus Cycle in Lakes
Another prime example of the cycle occurs in lakes.
• Aquatic plants take in dissolved inorganic phosphorus.
•Once again the idea of indirect and direct comes into play as the animals eat the plants and one another to get it.
•Dead animals phosphorus either goes to the plants again or go to the bottom and the cycle repeats
In Soil
In soil, phosphate is absorbed on clay surfaces and organic matter particles and becomes incorporated . Animals then eat the plants to get the phosphorus and others eat them and continue the cycle.
Soil continued
As the animals die they release phosphorus as a waste product in urine and feces. Phosphorus is then released back to the soil when plants or animal matter decomposes and the cycle repeats.
Globally
• The earths crust is a main holding place for phosphorus.
• On land it is found as phosphates. • Through erosion phosphates enter rivers
and streams which lead them to the ocean.• Once in the ocean the phosphorus
accumulates on continental shelves in the form of insoluble deposits.
Global continued
• Over time the crustal plates rise from the sea floor and expose the phosphates on land.
• After more time, weathering will release them from the rock and the cycle's geo-chemical phase begins again.
Inorganic Available Phosphate
Uptake of Phosphate
Crop residue and manure return
phosphate to soil
Phosphate Added in Fertilizer
Removal by crops
Runoff to Water Body
Fixed Phosphate
Mineralization of Organic
Phosphate
Bibliography
1.http://soils1.cses.vt.edu/ch/biol_4684/Cycles/Pcycle.html2. http://www.lenntech.com/phosphorus-cycle.htm3. http://www.cst.cmich.edu/centers/mwrc/phosphorus%20c
ycle.htm4. http://www.specialedprep.net/MSAT%20SCIENCE/Cycl
eP.htm5. http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2002AM/finalprogram/abstract
_40198.htm6. http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/308phosphor
us.html
7. http://www.cnr.berkeley.edu/benninglab/Students/David/casa/P.html
Recommended