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Pierre Ramond
The Physics in Front of Us
Community Planning Meeting, October 11-13, Fermilab
University of Florida
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
2
Discovery of the Century:
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
a spin zero elementary particle!
2
Discovery of the Century:
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
a spin zero elementary particle!
2
Discovery of the Century:
bosons are gauge force carriers & fermions are matter
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
a spin zero elementary particle!
2
Discovery of the Century:
bosons are gauge force carriers & fermions are matter
Higgs boson is neither nor; it is both!
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
a spin zero elementary particle!
2
Discovery of the Century:
bosons are gauge force carriers & fermions are matter
Higgs boson is neither nor; it is both!
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
3
is there any doubt about the LHC particle?
it is the 0 Higgs boson +
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
4
clear picture of the Universe when it was a few millifermis “big”
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
4
clear picture of the Universe when it was a few millifermis “big”
The Light Higgs
has lifted the fog of TeV strong interactions
On a clear day
theorists can see almost to the Planck scale!
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
mh
Planck Chimney
1210
1610
810
104
stability
trivialityGeV
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
mh
Planck Chimney
1210
1610
810
104
stability
triviality
126 GeV
GeV
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
mh
Planck Chimney
1210
1610
810
104
stability
triviality
126 GeV
GeV
SM breaks down!
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
6
1210 1610810104
α-1
α-1
α-1
20
60
40
mZ
?
Standard Model
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
7
Standard Model limited
to lengths larger than nanofermis
(much bigger than Planck length)
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
7
Standard Model limited
to lengths larger than nanofermis
(much bigger than Planck length)
LHC’s reach of the order of millifermis
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
8
still many mysteries left
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
8
still many mysteries left
Neutron electric dipole moment θCP
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
8
still many mysteries left
Mass & mixing patterns of quarks & leptons
Neutron electric dipole moment θCP
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
8
still many mysteries left
Mass & mixing patterns of quarks & leptons
Baryon asymmetry
Neutron electric dipole moment θCP
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
8
Neutrino Masses
still many mysteries left
Mass & mixing patterns of quarks & leptons
Baryon asymmetry
Neutron electric dipole moment θCP
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
8
Neutrino Masses
Dark Matter
still many mysteries left
Mass & mixing patterns of quarks & leptons
Baryon asymmetry
Neutron electric dipole moment θCP
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
8
Neutrino Masses
Dark Matter
Dark Energy
still many mysteries left
Mass & mixing patterns of quarks & leptons
Baryon asymmetry
Neutron electric dipole moment θCP
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
9
Standard Model Legacies
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Greater Symmetry in the Very Early Universe
9
Standard Model Legacies
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Greater Symmetry in the Very Early Universe
9
Standard Model Legacies
boson-fermion symmetry?
lepton-quark symmetry? Grand (gauge) Unification
Supersymmetry
family symmetry?
(from superstrings)
(from asympotic freedom)
(from neutrino mixings) Discrete Family group
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
10
Implications of TeV Supersymmetry
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
10
Implications of TeV Supersymmetry
discovery of superpartners
Energy Frontier
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
10
Implications of TeV Supersymmetry
discovery of superpartners
Energy Frontier
detect (virtual) superpartners in rare processes
Intensity Frontier
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
10
Implications of TeV Supersymmetry
discovery of superpartners
Energy Frontier
detect (virtual) superpartners in rare processes
Intensity Frontier
lightest superparticle as Dark Matter Cosmic Frontier
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
11
spin zero: squarks & sleptons
~τν 1t~ 2t~2b~b~11τ~ 2τ~
~eν Le~Re~ ~uL
~uR Rd~ Ld~
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
12
spin zero: higgs system
h H0+H0A
126 GeV
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
13
spin half: neutralinos, charginos & gluinos
C~2C~1 N~
2N~
1 N~
3 N~
4~g
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
14
TeV Supersymmetry
enables gauge couplings unification
removes the Planck Chimney
triggers electroweak symmetry breaking
(extends the SM to smaller distances)
(large tan β)
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
14
TeV Supersymmetry
enables gauge couplings unification
removes the Planck Chimney
cures the common cold!
triggers electroweak symmetry breaking
(extends the SM to smaller distances)
(large tan β)
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
15
1210 1610810104
α-1
α-1
α-1
20
60
40
mZ
Supersymmetric Standard Model
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
16
Implications of Grand Unification
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
16
(TeV-supersymmetry required)
gauge coupling unification
lepto-baryo-genesis
Implications of Grand Unification
proton decay($$ required)
lepton-quark mass relations(m = m )b τ
seesaw mechanism(grand-unification inspired)
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
17
The
Mechanism
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
17
The
Mechanism
Majorana neutrinos at Grand-Unified scale:
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
17
The
Mechanism
Majorana neutrinos at Grand-Unified scale:
Leptogenesis: origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry (decay of heavy Majorana leptons)
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
17
The
Mechanism
Small neutrino masses
Majorana neutrinos at Grand-Unified scale:
Leptogenesis: origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry (decay of heavy Majorana leptons)
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Flavors & quark-lepton unification
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Flavors & quark-lepton unification
Quarks’ CKM matrix = 1 + (Cabibbo) effects
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Flavors & quark-lepton unification
Quarks’ CKM matrix = 1 + (Cabibbo) effects
Leptons’ MNSP matrix = X + (Cabibbo?) effects
X contains two large angles
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Flavors & quark-lepton unification
Quarks’ CKM matrix = 1 + (Cabibbo) effects
Leptons’ MNSP matrix = X + (Cabibbo?) effects
X contains two large angles
Seesaw diagonalization?
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Flavors & quark-lepton unification
Quarks’ CKM matrix = 1 + (Cabibbo) effects
Leptons’ MNSP matrix = X + (Cabibbo?) effects
X contains two large angles
Seesaw diagonalization?
Family Symmetry? Tuesday, October 16, 2012
19
precision measurements required at the
Intensity Frontier
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
19
precision measurements required at the
Intensity Frontier
example: θ ≃ θ /√213 c deviation from zero?
speculate: θ ≃ π/4 + O(θ )atm c deviation from π/4 ?
measure deviations!
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
20
Dark Energy
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
20
Dark Energy
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
21
Measuring the VacuumCosmic Frontier
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
21
Measuring the Vacuum
energy not carried by particles
Cosmological Constant?
two mass scales in gravity
Quintessence?
Cosmic Frontier
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
21
Measuring the Vacuum
(need a new Einstein to find that out)
Is it like Brownian motion?
energy not carried by particles
Cosmological Constant?
two mass scales in gravity
Quintessence?
Cosmic Frontier
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
22
Origin of Symmetry Breaking
Biggest Challenge to Theory:
higher dimensions, branes, Superstrings, M-theory, space-time locality breakdown,
blah, blah, blah ...
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
23
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
23
Bright Days Ahead for High Energy Physics
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
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